...century persecuted the puritans, and so the puritans began to look for a new place to practice their faith. One puritan group, called Separatist, because they thought the Church of England was so incapable of being reformed that they had to abandon it, left England around this time. First they went to the Netherlands, but ultimately decided to start fresh in the new world. In 1620 they set sail, but their ship, the mayflower, went off course and they landed in modern-day Massachusetts. Because winter was approaching, they deiced to settle where they had landed. This settlement was called Plymouth, while on boards...
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...History of the Indian Frontier Wars In today’s world, Americans aren’t known to “take over” Indians land. Why so? It has been done in the early revolution dating back to the year of 1622. Before 1622, North America was mainly claimed by the Indian folk. However, the settlers that ventured into North America believed that the Indians had no right claiming the land, and soon took over, as time progressed. As the years went on, disagreements amongst the English men and Indians grew. In the year of 1622, Indian’s lives changed forever and became an important role in Indian history. Hearts and souls of the Indian people were poured into the Indian Frontier Wars, believing their way of living would be given back to them. Little did they know, they would be stripped of their land and forced to move elsewhere. Before 1622, Indians welcomed the settlers who ventured their way to North America. Although the English men weren’t interested in intertwining with the Indians, eastern Indians were welcoming and felt as though the luxuries of the settlers would benefit their lifestyle. According to Eric Fosner’s Give Me Liberty!: An American History,” Woven cloth, metal kettles, iron axes, fishhooks, hoes, and guns were quickly integrated in Indian life.” (56) As the 17th century went along, more and more settlers invaded Indians land in North America, which soon became a problem. Settlers believed that North American land wasn’t officially claimed by the Indians because of the lacking...
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...Chapter 6 The Seven Years War "The Great War for Empire" A. The First Clash (1754) 1. Washington and his Army were ordered by Dinwiddie to seek out the French fort a. He was given an Architect to build the fort (He was French) b. Governor Dinwiddie wanted to name the fort "Fort Dinwiddie" 2. " Battle of Great Meadows" a. Washington started building the fort b. The Architect goes to the French and gives them the blueprints to the fort. c. French ambush them while building but the fort was just a pile of scraps d. Start building the fort Hastily (Fort Necessity) 3. Held at ransom a. Washington and his men were held at ransom b. told to go home (sally Fairfax is pregnant) i. he was held a hero once he goes home to virginia ii. Washington has done nothing though B. The Albany Conference / The Albany Convention 1. Convened by the officials of the British board of Trade 2. Held at Albany New York in 1754 3. This was considered the first attempt at cooperation among leaders a. Representatives from New England, New York, Pennsylvania, and Maryland i. Ben Franklyn Was the representative of Pennsylvania 4. The British wanted the Colonists and Indians on their side a. 150 chiefs of the Iroquois Tribes i. Iroquois had grown impatient because of the colonial land grabing ii. "Brother, you are not to expect to hear of me anymore" (Chief Hendrick) b. British could not afford to lose both of them i. although...
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...American peoples were also competing. * 1688-1763: Four wars convulsed Europe and the New World for domination. The American people were unable to stay out of a single war. The Seven Years’ War in Europe, sometimes as the French and Italian War in America, set the stage for America’s independence. * France was convulsed during the 1500s by foreign wars and domestic strife, including the clashes between Catholics and Protestant Huguenots. On St. Bartholomew’s Day, 1572, over ten thousand Huguenots were butchered in cold blood. * In 1608, after finding Jamestown, the permanent beginnings of a vast empire were established at Québec, a granite sentinel commanding the St. Lawrence River. * France earned the lasting enmity of the Iroquois tribes, hampered French penetration of the Ohio Valley, ravaging French settlements and serving as allies of the British in the struggle for supremacy on the continent. * The government of New France (Canada) fell direct control of the king after commercial companies had failed or faltered. The people elected no representative assemblies and they didn’t enjoy the right to trial by jury as in the English colonies. * Landowning French peasants, unlike the English tenant farmers who embarked for the British colonies, had little economic motive to move. Protestant Huguenots were denied a refuge in this raw colony. The French favored the Caribbean island colonies, rich in sugar and rum, over Canada. * European valued beaver-pelt...
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...Tension between Great Britain and the Colonies HIS/110 2/7/2014 Charles Salter The Growing Tension between Great Britain and the Colonies The onset of the American Revolution was something did not occur overnight. There were many significant events that lead to the American Revolution over several decades. More than a few decades of being taxed, but receiving no representation in the British Parliament began to irritate citizens of the newly founded America. Some of the most prominent events were the French and Indian War, Tea Act, Stamp Act, Townshend Act and Coercive Acts. These events eventually sparked the American Revolution when the Colonial people decided they wanted to be free of British ruling (Brinkley, 2007). French and Indian War What motivated the British the most in the French and Indian war was the acquisition of land and generating revenue. The British parliament had depleted a large portion of its funds over several decades of war with other countries. They had knew they had to protect the newly acquired land in present day America because of the wealthy export business potential. The British had more to offer the Indian tribes than their French competitors, which made them a threat to the French. The British had a bad reputation with most Indian tribes because of their unwillingness to cooperate. The Indian tribes viewed the British as arrogant people because they imposed their ways on the Indians rather than accepting their ways...
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...New France The French didn’t began to be impacted by the new world trade until the established a colony on Quebec on the St. Lawrence River and stared getting involved in the fur trade, their first colony was in the Narrows of New York Bay. France participation in the Atlantic slave trade was kept to mostly to their west indies, but an estimated 790,000 African slaves were transported to the inland. But by 1786 about 28,000, and the colony received more than 40 000 slaves a year. Ruled over by a white population that numbered only 32,000. French fur traders made first contacts with the Annihilable. The Ottawa first traded furs for weapons. Then the Ottawa traded with the Ojibwa who acquired firearms and steel weapons before they made contact with the French. Those northern nations...
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...Bering strait- earliest settlers to the new world came from Bering Strait. Paleo-Indians- earliest combinations of N. tribes * Survived largely by hunting, fishing, and collecting edible plants. Archaic Era- period beginning approximately 9,000 years ago lasting an estimated 6,000 years. * It was marked by more intensive efforts by ancient societies to shape the environment to enhance food production. Incas- Peru, S. America, very complex political system. * Kept record of deaths and births Mayas- Yucatan peninsula, Central America, and written language and calendar. Aztecs- México, Central America Largest language groups 1. Algonquin- largest spoken language 2. Iroquois- upper New York State 3. Muskogeon- southern most regions of the east coast League of five nations- see notes Effects of Europeans on Native Americans- * Goods- metal, cloth, reintroduced horses, food, Negative- diseases Effects of Native Americans on Europeans * Goods- corn and how to preserve foods Negative- diseases Influence of Islam on early European trade- Impact of Islam on earl African tribes- Muslim introduced the concept of slavery and dominated the slaves in the Mediterranean * Slavery was not based on race but on the losing side Impact of Roman Catholic...
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...Colonial Period and the Fight for Independence David C. Nard Hist 316L – Spring 2015 From the time the nation's first settlers established the colony of Jamestown in 1607 to the signing of the Declaration of Independence in 1776, 169 years had passed, meaning settlers established 13 colonies across the eastern seaboard and prospered as farmers, shipbuilders, and merchants. But they were not free, and were bound by British rule on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean. For more than one and a half centuries, colonists fought for and perpetuated a system for self governance, but outside forces kept threatening their way of life and liberty. Throughout the Colonial era, settlers of the New World fought against British governing rule and desired self-government. However,...
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...Lecture Notes). The Seven Years war had a negative economic domino effect on the colonies. Debt from the war on American soil consisted of various increases on tariffs and taxes in order to pay the debt left by The Seven Years war (Dennis Lecture notes).Tensions brewed between the colonies and the British crown due to unpopular taxes such as the tea, sugar and stamp act (Dennis Lecture notes). The Stamp Act crisis inaugurated not only a struggle for colonial liberty in relation to Great Britain but also a multisided battle...
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...The French and Indian War 1754-1763 The French and Indian War extended into the American colonies as an extension of the Seven Years War from Europe. This is considered the bloodiest American war in the 18th century. It included people from 3 different continents. Basically the war was started because the French and English claimed colonial lands and wealth as each’s own. Greed one might say. A rivalry between the colonists. The war was fought predominantly between the colonies of British America and New France. Both sides were supported by military units from their mother countries of Great Britain and France. The war was fought in upstate New York, Western Pennsylvania, American colonies, France, and parts of the Caribbean Islands. The Albany...
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...Subsequent Events “The global struggle between the French and British Empire influenced certain key events in history from 1750 to 1805. These events including the French and Indian war, by the seven year war, the American Revolution, the French Revolution and it's impact on American domestic and foreign policies, and the Louisiana purchase and it's consequences.” Colonial era diplomacy focused on the European balance of power. The competition between the French and the British often influenced the course of events in the North American colonies. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775 For almost three centuries, the European colonial powers of France and Great Britain, maintained...
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...smashing the furniture. Three days later, a second house was wrecked in Newport, Rhode Island, after the local stamp distributor failed to resign. The protests and disorder that broke out in the American colonies in 1765 marked the beginning not only of the American struggle for independence, but of over half a century of popular protest, revolution, and war across the western world. From the Ural Mountains in Russia to the Alleghenies and the Andes in the Americas, rioting, revolutions, and popular struggles against undemocratic rule took place in areas as diverse as France (in 1789), Geneva in Switzerland, Ireland, and Mexico. Revolution took on an entirely new meaning in 1791, when civil war erupted in San Domingue (Haiti) and slaves in the French colony's northern province rose in revolt. In 1770, a French philosophe, the Abbé Raynal, had called for a "Black Spartacus" to overthrow slavery. Spartacus was a Thracian slave and gladiator who led a great slave revolt against the Romans, in southern Italy in 73-71 B.C.E. Under the leadership of a new Spartacus, Toussaint Louverture, Haiti's slaves defeated the armies of France, Spain, and Britain, and, in 1801, adopted a constitution prohibiting slavery forever. Haiti became independent in 1804 after expelling a second French expeditionary...
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...French and Indian War and the American Revolution Four Connections of the French and Indian War with the American Revolutions 1. No appreciation of colonial effort 2. Mutual dislike 3. Absence of French and Spanish attack 4. British troops remain (peace keeping) Royal Proclamation of 1763- divide French and Indians, colonists are not allowed to cross it Huge war debt after the French and Indian War Resurgence of Imperialism 1. The Sugar Act (1764) stipulated that if Americans purchased non-English sugar (especially Dutch), you would have to pay an extra tax (resemblance to the Navigation Acts) 2. The Stamp Act (1765) an act that required you to place a stamp on any type you purchased paper, or fill out a form, marriage license, etc. you would have to purchase stamps psychological- visible reminder that they were colonists George Grenville- pushed for the Stamp Act Three Types of Responses to the Stamp Act 1. Emotional a. Sons of Liberty 2. Political (Constitutional) a. Stamp Act Congress (first unified Congress among colonists) 9 of 13 colonies meet in New York b. Virtual Representation c. Declaration of Rights and Grievances “virtual representation we do not accept” 3. Economic a. Non-importation movement (stop buying British goods) b. Daughters of Liberty (filling the gap of things that do not come in) Stamp Act Repealed (1766) Declaratory Act (1766) (passed on the same day as the Stamp Act Repeal) (Parliament has the right to “bind...
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...The Seven Years' War also known as the French Indian War. It lasted from 1754 to 1763. The war resulted from ongoing tensions in North America as both French and British officials sought to extend their regions. In North America the war pitted France, French colonist and their Native allies against Great Britain, the Anglo-American colonists and the Iroquois Confederacy. Prior to the war Great Britain controlled the 13 colonies up to the Appalachian Mountains. Beyond the mountains lay New France a large sparsely settled colony that stretched from Louisiana through the Mississippi Valley and Great Lakes to Canada. The French and British border was not well defined and one territory that was disputed was the upper Ohio River Valley. The French built forts in the area to try and bolster their claim of the land. The British had other plans. They sent in British forces led by colonel George Washington in an attempt to get rid of the French. The British were outnumbered and defeated by the French. This was the start of a very rough war for the British. The British Government sent General Edward Braddock to the new colonies as commander of the British North American forces, but things did not go well for him he alienated the Indian allies and colonial leaders failed to cooperate with him. He died on July 13th 1755 on a failed expedition to capture Fort Duquesne. In 1757 things started to change for Britain. They defeated French forces in India and in 1759 they invaded...
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...Different Wars Justin P. Wilson Excelsior College Abstract Wars share similarities in cause, though not all are the same. The same goes for effects. The French & Indian War, Revolutionary War, and the War of 1812 all share this. Each war had its similarities but each war had its own outcomes and reasons for the start of the war. Each war was a turning point in the history of the newly independent United States. Three Similar but Different Wars The Revolutionary war, War of 1812, and the French and Indian war had similar yet different effects on the new United States. The young United States would learn new ways of fighting and dealing with conflicts. Each war had its similarities but each war had its own outcomes and reasons for the start of the war. Each war was a turning point in the history of the newly independent United States. The French and Indian war was a starting point for the American Revolutionary War. The War of 1812 was a war to expand and verify territory borders. All the wars involved the British, French, and the Americans. The War of 1812 and the French and Indian War involved the Indians. Each war had a different treaty or agreement that settled the disagreement and evolved the way the countries fought and handled disputes. The French and Indian war was composed of three different phases. The leading causes started back in Europe with the King George’s War, which took place in between the years of 1744 and 1748. The first phase of the French and...
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