...Russian Academy of National Economy and Civil Service under the President of the Russian Federation Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences Scandinavian model: advantages and contradictions of a welfare state Anna Olkova 3rd year student 2011 Table of contents Introduction 3 Chapter 1. The role of Scandinavian model in economic theory and practice. 5 1.1. Scandinavian model in civilizational context: incarnation of integralism. 5 1.2. Scandinavia in European economy: comparative analysis 10 1.3. Cultural preconditions for the Scandinavian model formation. 13 Chapter 2. Model performance and competitiveness: distinctive features 16 2.1. The role of public sector in Scandinavian economies 16 2.2. Peculiarities of labour market in Scandinavia 21 2.3. Human capital and innovations: learning economy 26 Chapter 3. Scandinavian model: challenges and threats 33 3.1. Demographic challenge: ageing of population versus public finance 33 3.2. Paradoxes of economic growth in welfare states 36 3.3. The problem of labour disincentives and decommodification. 38 Conclusion 41 Bibliography 43 Introduction In the light of a current trend of moving towards socialization in economy, Scandinavian experience stands out, being probably a unique example of building a highly-socialized and at the same time viable economy. The image of Scandinavian countries appears...
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...Antonio Caruso I6023297 Group 1 (09h00-11h00) Assignment 3 : Article Summary The Danish Model of “Flexicurity”- A Paradise with some snakes Per Kongshoj Madsen (2002), University of Copenaghen A BRIEF SUMMARY This article shows the so-called “Danish job miracle”, or the drastic decline in unemployment that happened in Denmark in the last twenty years after a hectic period of reforms in the early 90s. During this period the Danish labor market has changed radically becoming more flexible and dynamic but always with much attention paid to social security. The Danish model is an “hybrid” because it comes from the Scandinavian one, the archetype, but with essential differences. The Danish system has, on the one hand, a level of flexibility very similar to liberal countries (e.g. Canada, USA, Ireland) but, on the other hand, resembles the Scandinavian countries through social security and active labor market policy. For these reasons, when we speak of Denmark is often used the term “Flexicurity” that characterizes this successful combination of flexibility related to dynamism and a solidaristic welfare system. The success of the Danish model has stimulated ideas on the actual presence of a new model of the employment system, explained in general through the so-called “Golden Triangle” of flexicurity. Generous Welfare System Active LMP Flexible Labor Market Analyzing the corners of the golden triangle and specially the relationships, we can really understand how...
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...Scandinavian Culture: Home Exam Antoine LE GOFF HISTORY BOOK: HOW SWEDEN BECAME SWEDISH Table of Contents Introduction 1 Creation of Sweden and its culture 3 17th - 18th century: Swedish culture is born 3 Göticism and Viking heritage: Foundation of the Swedish culure 3 18th Century: the Enlightenment: a new view of the nation 3 19th Century: National Romanticism 3 20th century: Contemporary History 4 The dissolution of the Union 4 The First World War 4 Wellfare system establishment 4 The Second World War 4 The Cold War 5 European Union and Immigration 5 How Sweden Becam Swedish 6 Welfare State 6 Cultural Policy and Propaganda 7 Multi-culturalism 8 Gender Equality 9 Conclusion 11 Introduction The purpose of this essay is to try to understand the Scandinavian culture. To do this, we have to clarify some concepts, like National Identity, Nationalism, culture and Swedishness, in order to understand the connection between those, and finally expose more easely the following arguments. Those concepts can be seen as pretty dimness and deep, so we have to treat those with caution. In fact, if we start with Nationalism, many theorists tried to counteract the three paradoxes this concept bring : objective modernity vs. subjective antiquity, socio-cultural concept vs. concrete manifestations and 'political' power vs. philosophical poverty. Therefore, we see that Nationalism involve multiple frameworks, like history, culture, social...
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...to insufficiency and assistance to overcome the inadequacy, however, this view has changed after the US Presidential election speech in 2008 and globalization became a concern for both the U.S and Europe stated (Mandelson, 2008). Therefore, challenging those who state that ‘’the boom is not sustainable’’ is what Mandelson attempted to deliver. So in this paper I’m going to evaluate the globalization’s effect on Sweden’s economy & industry and will compare the achievement with Mandelson’s view. Let’s start with he’s opinion on Europe’s social models which are considerably well managed and in favor of globalization compared to the models from the states. Over the last decades, Europe attempted to come up with new social and economic model in order to handle the challenges exposed by the globalization. And one of the countries which could cope successfully with globalization challenges was Sweden by proposing ‘’Swedish model’’. This model defines that ‘’ it is perfectly possible to uphold and practice social democratic values of social cohesion, liberty and equality in the process of modernization and that those values remain of crucial importance to a country’s ultimate economic success’’ stated (Taylor, 2005). Therefore, Sweden consider as one of the most successful countries regarding economic position among its competitors. There are factors have influenced the success of this...
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...development equitable and sustainable. Increasingly, bringing all parts of society up to minimum standards of living is becoming an issue of social responsibility and political requirement in emerging economies through social security programs. However, emerging economies are facing many constraints in implementing widespread social security programs to affect equality, poverty alleviation, and income security. When considering Social Security for emerging economies, there are two central issues that must be addressed; can emerging economies sustain viable social security systems, and is social security vital to the development of emerging economies. To understand these issues, and possible solutions, it is useful to look towards the established models found in Europe for answers. Social Security To analyze the issue at hand, we must first understand the definition of social security, as the benefits offered by the State and society differ from country to country. For example, Social Security is a narrowly defined program in the United States, which offers supplemental income to those of retirement age at 65 and older. However, in Europe, social security encompasses a slate of programs that provide cash transfers and benefits for the aged, unemployed, ill, and poor. These programs are often manifested in the form of pensions, unemployment benefits, and in many countries universal healthcare. For this exercise we will use the broad definition of Social Security defined as programs...
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... Work-Life 'Balance' in Europe Rosemary Crompton and Clare Lyonette Acta Sociologica 2006 49: 379 DOI: 10.1177/0001699306071680 The online version of this article can be found at: http://asj.sagepub.com/content/49/4/379 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: Nordic Sociological Association Additional services and information for Acta Sociologica can be found at: Email Alerts: http://asj.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://asj.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://asj.sagepub.com/content/49/4/379.refs.html >> Version of Record - Nov 13, 2006 What is This? Downloaded from asj.sagepub.com at University of Huddersfield on October 7, 2012 ACTA SOCIOLOGICA 2006 Work–Life ‘Balance’ in Europe Rosemary Crompton and Clare Lyonette Department of Sociology, City University, London, UK abstract: Although work–life ‘balance’ is an EU policy priority, within Europe there are considerable variations in the nature and extent of supports that national governments have offered to dual-earner families. In general, the Nordic welfare states offer the highest level of supports, although other countries, such as France, have historically offered extensive childcare supports to working mothers. We examine national variations in reported levels of work–life conflict, drawing upon questions fielded in the 2002 Family module International...
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...7/27/2010 ADS 505 Local Government Local Government: Chapter 3 Typology of Local Governments Typology of Local Governments o Patronage Patronage Model The Patronage Model refers to political patronage, used in certain countries, where state resources are used to reward electoral support of certain individuals. While Whil some patronage systems are legal, others t t l l th may attribute this to corruption or favoritism in which a party in power rewards groups, families, ethnicities for their electoral support using illegal gifts or fraudulently-awarded appointments or government contracts. Model o Economic Development Model o Welfare State Model Patronage Model Political leaders often have a great deal of patronage at their disposal Patronage is recognized as a power of the e ecut ve branch. executive b a c . In most countries, the ost cou t es, t e executive has the right to make many appointments. Patronage Model In some democracies, high-level appointments are reviewed or approved by the legislature. In other countries, such as those using the Westminster system, g y this is not the case. Other types of political patronage may violate the laws or ethics codes (nepotism and cronyism). 1 7/27/2010 Patronage Model Low level political patronage, when not entangled in financial means, is not inherently unseemly. In the United States, t e U.S. Co st tut o t e U te the Constitution provides the president with the power to appoint individuals to...
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...The welfare, intended as the set of measures and policies devoted to ensure minimum quality life standards to individuals, is normally associated to the state insomuch reference is generally made to “welfare state”. The welfare state is based on ethical ideals: it is created in the name of social justice, to implement the fundamental rights and freedoms of human beings (as developed from time to time in the various cultures). Stuart White wants to clarify in the Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State, the main ethical arguments, which are inherent in the creation of the welfare state. First of all a process for the achievement of the basic needs of the citizens (questionable what are the basic needs), latterly equality, seen as same opportunities without racial or social influence, and lastly liberty, conceived as ‘negative’ liberty of coercive ‘redistribution’ in order to achieve a moral and social congruence between all the individuals. However, welfare state, even if based on ethic-philosophical findings, has many implications and effects in the economic field. As Briggs (1961) argued, the welfare state is an organization whose purpose is to modify the market forces in at least three directions: (I) ensure to the individuals and to the families minimum incomes; (II) decrease the level of insecurity; and (III) assure the best standard available of social services (Cittadini 2015). ***** Modern concept...
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...result: _____________ Date: ________________ The analysis of the Welfare system in your country and link to poverty reduction measures Esping-Anderson's welfare regimes Mr. Esping-Andersen is one of the most influential theorists and researchers the development of the welfare state. His most important work is The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism which was first empirically tested theories about the different types of welfare regimes in the developed countries. This work has made a very strong impact on research in the area of social policy. By Esping Andersen there are three types of welfare regime: * social democratic regime; * conservative-corporatist regime; * liberal-democratic regime. The welfare state is a specific historical construct that has developed between the thirties and sixties, based on a new social contract between the state and citizens, which provides basic social redistribution of risk. Social-democratic regime is called the Scandinavian or Nordic. Social rights are based on the status of a citizen, that is, on citizenship. Therefore, this system guarantees the social rights of all citizens. In the social-democratic welfare state services are cover a wide range of social risks. This regime seeks to minimize the role of the market or break the connection between the market and social welfare of citizens. It was developed...
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...Academic year 2014-2015 Migration towards Europe and the “welfare magnet”: “Determinants of Turkish Migration to EU-15” Master dissertation Student Kristýna Jedličková Home institution Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze Supervisor prof. Claire Naiditch Submission date September 2015 Acknowledgment I would like to express my sincerest thanks to prof. Claire Naiditch for her guidance, support, patience and valuable recommendations. Declaration of authorship I, Kristýna Jedličková hereby declare that the thesis Migration towards Europe and the “welfare magnet” was written by myself and that all presented results are my own, unless stated otherwise. The literature sources are listed in the Literature Review section. Prague, September 30th, 2015 ........................................................ Signature Key words Migration, welfare magnet, public social spending, inflows of migrants, EU’s migratory policy, European welfare system, Turkish welfare system, Turkey, EU-15, gravity model, fixed effect, random effect, Hausman test, country specific fixed effect, time specific fixed effect. Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to analyse which factors drive migration from Turkey towards Europe and whether the welfare benefits play a major role in the decision making process. The analysis is based on a gravitation model of migration in log-log form. The FE and RE methods were employed as estimation techniques and the Hausman test enabled to distinguish them. The present...
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...Collusive Behavior in the Industrial Thread Industry Table of contents 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………… 2 2. The Thread Industry 2.1 Market Structure………………………………………………………………. 2 2.1 The Agreements ……………………………………………………………….. 3 3. Economic Impact on Competition 3.1 The Nature of a Carte………………………………………………………………… 4 3.2 Welfare analysis ……………………………………………………………………… 5 4. The European Commission`s decision 4.1. The decision…………………………………………………………………….. 7 5. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………… 8 References………………………………………………………………………………. 9 1. Introduction The European Commission (EC) convicted eleven companies in the thread industry for arranging cartels for customers in Benelux, the Nordic countries and the EEA in 2005. The 23 producers investigated are from Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, France, Switzerland and the United Kingdom and were fined to a total of 43.5 million € (European Commission, 2005). Industrial thread itself is a kind of thin yarn that is used for sewing. It is therefore a main component in the production of various products, such as clothes, home furnishings, mattresses, footwear and others. Additionally, the production of automotive seats and seatbelts can be assigned to the so called automotive thread. Both markets together amounted to around 6 billion € in in sales worldwide in 2000. The antitrust investigation...
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...Article Introduction: Causes, consequences and cures of union decline European Journal of Industrial Relations 17(2) 97–105 © The Author(s) 2011 Reprints and permission: sagepub. co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0959680111400893 ejd.sagepub.com Alex Bryson NIESR and Centre for Economic Performance, London, UK Bernhard Ebbinghaus Universität Mannheim, Germany Jelle Visser Universiteit van Amsterdam, The Netherlands In 2000 the political leaders of the European Union declared that strong economic growth and advance towards a knowledge society, together with a high degree of social cohesion, would be the pre-eminent goals for the subsequent decade. A question never asked was what would happen, and what remedial action would be taken, should the conditions conducive to growth and the knowledge economy conflict with the political and institutional underpinnings of social cohesion. What if strong employment growth turned out to be founded on the destabilization of the standard employment contract, or if the advance towards a knowledge economy brought about a sharp rise in social inequality and polarization between skilled and unskilled workers and between those with and without stable jobs? Would trade unions be willing and able to counteract or attenuate such trends and bridge the differences between the new haves and have-nots? Or would they be marginalized, slowly but irreversibly, together with the stable employment relationships...
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...Professor Kilguss Comparative Government April 18, 2014 Sweden: Not so Sweet on Drugs Located in Northern Europe, Sweden lies on the eastern part of the Scandinavian Peninsula sharing boundaries with neighboring Denmark, Finland and Norway. Officially known as the kingdom of Sweden, by size it is the third largest country in the European Union with a population of 9.6 million. Sweden follows a parliamentary democratic form of government where the people elect representatives into parliament and they in turn elect a prime minister to lead the group. This Nordic country is known for its neutrality in times of conflict, and avoids making allies in times of peace. Sweden is an export-oriented country that’s economy is reliant on trade of a variety of goods with Europe and the rest of the world. The land of IKEA, meatballs, vodka and Vikings is often looked to as a role model due to its successful welfare policies and strong economy. Sweden takes care of its people with a cradle to the grave system, making sure all of its citizens have access to healthcare, higher education, and retirement benefits. The United States could benefit from looking at the successes of Sweden’s no tolerance approach to drugs. A recent news article from The Local titled, “Sweden’s Tough Drug Laws Leaves addicts behind” highlights Sweden’s zero tolerance approach towards drug use and its impact that it has had on the country. Sweden has some of the toughest drug laws in Europe, and consequently...
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...The Bolshevik revolution in 1917 and the collapse of the Romanov dynasty led Finland to unilaterally declare independence on December 6,1917 (still the national day). After difficult years during World War П, Finland remained somewhat isolated, and its economy remained highly dependent on the Soviet Union. Following the model of its Nordic neighbors in the post-war years, Finland was characterized by heavy investments in social welfare and public infrastructure. There was a history of reliance on government leadership in many"private sector companies. The government had large holdings in many top Finnish companies (see Exhibit 1), and through its active involvement in major mergers and acquisitions transactions, influenced the ownership structures of key industries./ Finland's prosperity level caught up to the OECD average only slowly. With few exceptions, notably in pulp and paper and specialty shipbuilding, Finnish companies were absent from international business rankings. By 2001, Finland had become one of the fastest growing and most competitive economies in the world. A member of the European Union, it was known for fiscal stability and was the only Nordic country introducing the Euro in the...
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...DISTANCE EDUCATION CENTRE Assessment Attachment Form DISTANCE EDUCATION CENTRE Assessment Attachment Form Student ID: Place X if YMCA Singapore student UTAS email address: 176069 | x x | Aj16@postoffice.utas.edu.au | Name and return postal address: Unit code and name: | | JNB225 | Block 216#04-289, | | Unit Co-ordinator: | Bukit Batok St 21, | | Hilary Pateman | Singapore (650216) | | Assessment no.: | 1 | | Due Date: | 18 August 2014 | Date submitted: | 20 August 2014 | Checklist Assignment conforms to the Department’s presentation and referencing guidelines Each page is numbered as per the Department’s guidelines A Reference page is included at the end of the assignment Assignment has been read to check for spelling errors and careless construction The word count is clearly visible on the cover page (exclude assignment question, abstract and list of references in word count) You have kept a copy of this assignment for your own records ------------------------------------------------- Plagiarism Declaration: *By submitting this assignment and cover sheet electronically, in whatever form, you are deemed to have made the declaration set out below. I declare that all material in this assignment is my own work except where there is clear acknowledgment or reference to the work of others and I have complied with and agreed to the University statement on Plagiarism and...
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