...The Organization of International Business Organizational structure at Procter and Gamble Procter and gamble unique organizational structure offers the global scale benefits of an international company and the local focus to be relevant for customers in roughly 180 countries where their brands are solid. The company corporate structure provides the framework that allows them to tap the benefits of a global operation keep them in touch with local communities, and their strong governance practices ensure that they carry out operations with consistently high standard and integrity. Procter and gamble have made their organization structure an important part of their capability to grow. It combines global scale benefits with a local focus to win with consumers and retail customers in each country where P & G products are sold. Procter and gamble recently grouped its global business units into four industry-based sectors as part of the company’s on-going plan to improve business performance. The businesses in each sector are focused on common consumer’s benefits, share common technologies and face common competitors. Procter and gamble structure has removed many of the traditional overlaps and inefficiencies that exist in many large companies. Four organizational structure Procter and gamble uses: Market development organizations: are charged with knowing consumers and retailers in each market where Procter and gamble competes and integrating the...
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...firm’s organization, including structure, control systems, incentives, processes, culture and people. Superior organization profitability requires three conditions: An organization’s architecture must be internally consistent. Strategy and architecture must be consistent. Strategy, architecture and competitive environments must be consistent. McGraw-Hill/Irwin International Business, 5/e Organizational architecture Fig 13.1 To maximize profitability a firm must achieve consistency between the various components of its architecture McGraw-Hill/Irwin International Business, 5/e © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved. © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved. 13-3 13-4 Organizational architecture Organizational structure: Location of decisionmaking responsibilities within the structure (vertical differentiation) Formal division of the organization into subunits e.g. product divisions (horizontal differentiation) Establishment of integrating mechanisms including cross-functional teams and or pan-regional committees Organizational architecture Incentives: Devices used to reward appropriate employee behavior Closely tied to performance metrics Control systems : metrics used to measure performance of subunits and judge managerial performance McGraw-Hill/Irwin International Business, 5/e © 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., All Rights Reserved. Processes: Manner in which decisions are made and work is performed ...
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...Data-Driven Decision Management (DDDM) is an approach to business governance that values decisions that can be backed up with data can be verified. The data-driven approach is gaining popularity within the enterprise as the amount of available data increases in tandem with market pressures. Data-driven decision making exists at the intersection of data quality and decision quality, where quality data supports quality business decisions. Although business insight is most often envisioned as the strategic and tactical decisions made from the mountain top of executive management, business insight also comes from the base camps where operational decisions are being made at all levels of the organization on a daily basis. Business Intelligence is the set of techniques and tools for the transformation of raw data into meaningful and useful information for business analysis purposes. Business Intelligence (BI) is an umbrella term that refers to the processes for collecting and analyzing data, the technologies used in these processes, and the information obtained from these processes with the purpose of facilitating corporate decision making. BI technologies are capable of handling large amounts of unstructured data to help identify, develop and otherwise create new strategic business opportunities. The goal of BI is to allow for the easy interpretation of these large volumes of data. Identifying new opportunities and implementing an effective strategy based on insights can provide...
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...Business Structure FIN 571 Professor Charles Marchand August 25, 2014 Each business structure has it advantages and disadvantages, however each one structure may or may not be advantageous. An advantageous structure is a structure that is beneficial and has favorable circumstances. In choosing business structure, one must choose the structure that best fits their business plans. There are three types of business structure, which consists of partnership, sole proprietorship, and corporation. A corporation is considered to be a standalone entity. In a standalone entity, no one person is liable for the assets or debts of the company, and separates tax liabilities. Another beneficial advantage is since the corporation is its own entity the corporation does not end once the owner is no longer there but continues on through shareholder. A disadvantage of corporations is corporations have to pay taxes twice which occurs during when the corporation turns a profit and pays dividend to shareholders. A sole proprietorship is the most inexpensive way to start a business. Within this structure, the owner has complete control over operations and responsible for business decision-making. Far as taxes, no specific business taxes are paid, but the owner pays taxes on the income of the business as part of their personal taxes. The major disadvantage of sole proprietorship is the business owner is personally responsible for all obligations and debts of the business. If the business...
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...FIN 100 WEEK 8 ASSIGNMENT 2 – BUSINESS FINANCING AND THE CAPITAL STRUCTURE To purchase this Click here: http://www.activitymode.com/product/fin-100-week-8-assignment-2-business-financing-and-the-capital-structure/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM FIN 100 Week 8 Assignment 2 - Business Financing and the Capital Structure Businesses have to make many financial decisions that have a direct impact on operations and the ability to successfully compete in the marketplace. Base your writing on the information from the course coupled with information located in the Strayer databases or Internet. Write a three to four (3-4) page paper in which you: 1. Explain the process of financial planning used to estimate asset investment requirements for a corporation. Explain the concept of working capital management. Identify and briefly describe several financial instruments that are used as marketable securities to park excess cash. 2. Assume that you are financial advisor to a business. Describe the advice that you would give to the client for raising business capital using both debt and equity options in today’s economy. 3. Explain why a business may decide to seek capital from a foreign investor indicating the risk and rewards for such a decision. Provide support for rationale. More Details hidden... Click Here to Buy this; http://www.activitymode.com/product/FIN 100 Week 8 Assignment 2 - Business Financing and the Capital Structure Activity mode aims to provide...
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...Organisation Structures For P3 in your assignment you have to describe the formal structure of two organisations. The following notes will help you to understand why organisations have formal structures. You should also understand the types of structures organisations have and the factors that influence the structure and changes to structure in an organisation. Why Do Organisations Have Formal Structures? In a small business most of the tasks needed to operate the business are carried out by a few people. The owners will be responsible for setting objectives for the business and making the key decisions. They will also be responsible for key activities such as managing finances, advertising, selling, dealing with customers, managing staff and buying stocks and other materials. The activity for ‘Sally’s Flower Shop’ illustrates this point. In a large business more organisation is needed. A large business employs a lot of people and it is necessary that the roles and activities of each employee are identified within the organisation. It is important to make sure that there is enough staff fulfilling all necessary activities to enable the business to operate and achieve its aims. Within the organisation there must be a process for setting objectives and making decisions and control and co-ordination of activities to make sure objectives are being met. In order to make decisions and control and co-ordinate activities there must be a hierarchy (different levels) of...
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...Strategy Process 10 Organizational Structure and Control Prof. Dr. Bernd Venohr Berlin, June 2007 © 2007 Prof. Dr. Bernd Venohr Agenda Introduction to Strategy 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Course Overview and Strategy Concept Economics of Strategy Shareholder Value External Environment Internal Environment Competitive Positioning Diversification Mergers & Acquisitions Global Strategy Business Strategy Corporate Strategy Strategy Process 10 Organizational Structure and Control 11 Strategic Leadership © 2007 Prof. Dr. Bernd Venohr 2 Overview “Structure follows strategy“ Basics of structuring organizations Example: managing the multibusiness organization © 2007 Prof. Dr. Bernd Venohr 3 Alfred Chandler: Structure follows strategy Alfred Chandler (business history professor at Harvard Business School) examined in Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of the Industrial Enterprise (1962) the organizational changes of several large US companies: Organization developed in response to changes in the corporation's business strategy An organization begins with a single product or line of business. Over time the organization begins to grow in size and complexity (more products ). Ultimately the structure of the organization has to change from functional to divisional organization as a result of the strategy change: „unless structure follows strategy, inefficiency results“ This research has been a source of controversial discussion...
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...2013 Organizational structure by definition consists of activities such as task allocation, coordination and supervision, which are directed towards the achievement of organizational aims. This structure determines how the roles, power and responsibilities are assigned, controlled, and coordinated and how information flows between the different levels of management. A structure depends on the organization’s objective strategy. My employer, Rainforest Café, uses a centralized structure. Landry’s Incorporated is the owner and operator of more than 450 properties including McCormick & Schmick’s, Chart House, Bubba Gump Shrimp, Claim Jumper, Golden Nugget Hotel and Casino and Rainforest Café just to name a few. As one of America’s largest dining, entertainment, gaming and hospitality companies, Landry’s guarantees the moment a guests walks into one of the properties, the ambiance will solidify that they are in for something special. Landry’s renowned reputation is upheld by an unwavering commitment to customer service and satisfaction. When it comes to Rainforest Café centralized structure, the top layer of management has most of the decision making power and has tight control over departments and divisions. The decisions made by the higher management are typically communicated to lower organizational tiers who are then expected to accept and move forward in a way consistent with those decisions. In contrast, decentralized organizational structure has several individuals...
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...Report based on case study “ A successful business development”. Contents: 1. Types of business entity 2.1. Explanation of each entity 2.2. Advantages and disadvantages of each type of entity 2.3. Objectives of each entity 2. Stakeholders 3.4. Definition of stakeholder 3.5. List of stakeholders of each entity 3.6. Interest of each stakeholders 3. Organizational structure 4.7. Comparison of two structures presented in the case study 4. Human Resource Management 5.8. The role of HR within the structures presented in case study 5.9. Different methods of HR functions has been delivered of each type of entity 5. Reference 1. Types of business entity In the attached case study we have examples of following business entity: * Section 1: Sole trader * Section 2: Partnership * Section 3: Company: Private Limited Company * Section 4: Public Limited Company Sole trader: Sole trader is an individual who is run his own business. It is a self-employed person who bears risks and losses and takes the profits and the benefits. Partnership: Partnership is type of entity which is organized and managed by at least two people and where all profits and debts are share between the partners. Private limited Company: Private limited is type of business entity which is run and managed by shareholders who has limited liability and shares are exchange privately. There are restrictions define...
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...Executive Summery This report attempts to introduce and analyse an issue in the governance structure module that Octo has experienced. Octo is a company initially started in Italy, and then has successfully expanded globally. The CIO, Giuseppe, adopted several governance modules in order to reach s a stabilised alignment between IT and business, and his role has changed accordingly. Yet, issues still occurring, and the analysis suggests that the governance modules were in appropriate given the organisation’s situation. A recommendation is provided to adapt the federalism governance module as an approach to surmount the issues and effectively align IT and business. Pertinent organisational background Summary of organisation functions and market Octo Telematics, a multimillion value company specializing in providing telematics related services for automotive market. Octo, which was founded back in 2002 by Fabio Sbianchi and Giuseppe Zuco (the current CEO and CIO respectively), has enjoyed a great period of successful growth expanding from Italy its home country to global markets. Within five-year cycle from 2009 to 2013, the company’s financial value tremendously increased 500% attracting equity funds to invest in the promising telematics sector. The secret lays in the technology used by Octo, the core service is a device called On Board Unit (OBU), and the main functionality is to transmit data related to location, time and usage of vehicles in which it is installed....
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...objective of helping companies understand how their business environment influences the focus of their IT environment. The IT governance program is designed in accordance to the distinctive organizational attributes. The model requires executives to first evaluate the effectiveness of current IT governance policies and then formulate a new governance program that addresses the identified priorities required to cultivate an IT enterprise and guarantee sustained realization of measurable business value. According to Accenture IT governance model, the right model should offer a precise road map for IT governance decision-making and a framework for allocating responsibility and accountability among top-level executives, CIO and business unit executives. This IT governance model adds value by reviewing the organizational business environment basing on the rate of change and basis of competitive advantage, which creates four quadrants including efficient, predicable operators; information integrators; responsive situation providers, and new capability enablers. A new review of Accenture IT Governance Model reveals that Alcan falls under the efficient, predictable operator’s quadrant. This quadrant suits companies that have low rates of change and focus on attaining operational efficiency, which entails meeting business requirements while closely controlling operating costs. Alcan’s IT management is characterized by centralization with the business units operating under a single IT plan and strategy...
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...Organisations are structured in a variety of ways, dependant on their objectives and culture. The structure of an organisation will determine the manner in which it operates and it’s performance. Structure allows the responsibilities for different functions and processes to be clearly allocated to different departments and employees. The wrong organisation structure will hinder the success of the business. Organisational structures should aim to maximize the efficiency and success of the Organisation. An effective organisational structure will facilitate working relationships between various sections of the organisation. It will retain order and command whilst promoting flexibility and creativity. Internal factors such as size, product and skills of the workforce influence the organizational structure. As a business expands the chain of command will lengthen and the spans of control will widen. The higher the level of skill each employee has the more the business will make use of the matrix structure to maximize these skills across the organization. Span of Control This term is used to describe the number of employees that each manager/supervisor is responsible for. The span of control is said to be wide if a superior is in charge of many employees and narrow if the superior is in charge of a few employees. Different Structures The most common organisation structures are: TALL STRUCTURE In its simplest form a tall organisation has many levels of management and supervision. There...
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...Organizational Structure MGT/230 Organizational Structure When dealing with the structure of an organization there are two main structures each company follows. One is the Horizontal Structure and one is the Vertical Structure. With a company such as Starbucks the company falls under what is known as the Horizontal Structure, meaning they use a “functional” form of organization versus a hierarchy. According to Bateman and Snell (2011), this means the jobs and departments are specialized and grouped according to business functions and the skills they require. This kind of function influences the type of organizational structure much like blue prints determine the type of building will be made, whether it is a one story home or a ten story office building. The final step in the structure of the business is the actual design, known as the organizational design. All these factors combined determine what type of business structure each company will fall into. Horizontal versus Vertical Structure With a company such as Starbucks that operates over 17,000 stores in 50 different countries (“Starbucks”, 2011) the Horizontal Structure works the best for operational purposes. The company does have a Chief Executive Officer (CEO) but he does not run a hierarchy. There are departments that are organized to run different aspects of the business from Human Resources to Marketing and Sales. With organizations such as small businesses or the Federal Government who both run on Vertical...
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...1. Introduction 2. Executive summary 3. Theory of organizational structure 4. Types of organizational structure 5. The nature of the organizational structure 6. Case study 7. Task 1 8. Task 2 9. Task 3 10. Conclusion 11. Recommendation 12. Reference Introduction Any operating organization should have its own structure in order to operate efficiently. For an organization, the organizational structure is a hierarchy of people and its functions. The organizational structure of an organization tells us the character of an organization and the values it believes in. therefore, when we do business with an organization or getting into a new job in an organization, it is always a great idea to get to know and understand their organizational structure. Executive summary In this assignment, I describe about the theory of the organization, the types of the organization, and the nature of the organization. As task 1, 2 and 3 I have explain about Paul Rogers’ card design business. Theory of organizational structure The theory of organizational structure is a product of the industrial revolution to help businesses appropriate their workforce. Classical school Henry Fayol is acknowledged as the founder of the Classical Organization theory and is one of the pioneers of management thought. He divided the business activities into six areas- technical, commercial, financial, accounting, managerial functions and protecting the assets of the organization...
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...Business Structures FIN 571 July 20, 2015 Business Structures When forming a business, there are three basic structures to identify and understand. Sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation comprise the basic structures. The partnership can be a general partnership or a limited liability partnership and the corporation can be three types: general, subchapter S (S corporation), and limited liability company (LLC). For a business venture, there are many questions to contemplate to help in the decision for the type of structure. Is control of all aspects of the business important? Are loans or investors necessary? How important are tax credits or savings? What amount of capital is available? How much personal risk is an option? A summary of the advantages and disadvantages of each business structure provides an understanding of the importance of these questions. Starting a business can be expensive unless the choice is a sole proprietorship with “only minimal fees to obtain a business name and certificate” (Your Business Structure). Usually there is no need for an attorney or accountant in addition to not paying corporate taxes. In a sole proprietorship, the owner can claim the business on the personal income. The other main advantage to entrepreneurs is the “sole” ownership of the business. Having control of all decisions, profits, and operations of a business that is easy and inexpensive to establish is an attractive option. Unfortunately, sole...
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