...Attribution Theory is concerned with the ways in which people perceive and think about the behaviors of themselves or others, exploring how people attempt to make inferences about the causes of observed behavior. The tendency to overestimate the role of personal factors while underestimating the impact of situational factors when attempting to understand or explain the behavior or others is referred to as Fundamental Attribution Error (e.g., a person cuts me off and I immediately assume they are a jerk without considering situational factors, such as disruptive children or car problems). While the focus is more on personal attributions when explaining the behavior of others, we are more likely to make situational attributions when explaining our own behavior (referred to as the Actor-Observer Effect). While the actor-observer effect tends to hold true when explaining personal failures, successful behaviors usually lead to a Self-serving bias, whereby one is more likely to make dispositional (personal) rather than situational attributions. The 3 original and 2 additional dimensions to Weiner's taxonomy in his Attributional Theory of Motivation and Emotion are as follows: Original: internal/external, stable/unstable,...
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...Marketing may be described as a process where goods and services transcend to the customer from concept. This usually involves the elements of marketing being well coordinated. This starts with the development of a product that has been identified and selected, price determination, channel selection and implementation of the promotional strategy. New Apple products, for instance, are developed to include advanced application and systems, set at different price depending on how much capability the customer desires and sold at locations where other Apple products are sold. It is paramount that marketers identify the needs of the customer and the challenges that arise without such needs and sell not just a product, but the solution to their dilemmas. In a globalized and highly competitive world, successful marketing gyrates around a quality customer experience. A connection must occur between the customer and product. This where they are able to comprehend the solutions the product possesses. Marketers are able to yield this connection by understanding the needs of the customer and being able to covey them successfully in order to earn the trust of the customer. The Apple Watch developers seem to have understood this by creating a gadget that makes iPhone customers less socially awkward while giving them the motivation to keep moving through the fitness apps (Chowdhry, 2015). However a service encounter or any interaction between a consumer and sales attendant may not be needed...
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...Fundamentals of Managerial Economic Theory Managerial economics is the science of directing scarce resources to manage cost effectively. It consists of three branches: competitive markets, market power, and imperfect markets. A market consists of buyers and sellers that communicate with each other for voluntary exchange. Whether a market is local or global, the same managerial economics apply. Managerial economics applies to Businesses (such as decisions in relation to customers including pricing and advertising; suppliers; competitors or the internal workings of the organization), nonprofit organizations, and households. The “old economy” and “new economy” in essentially the same way except for two distinctive aspects of the “new economy”: the importance of network effects and scale and scope economies.[1] i. network effects in demand – the benefit provided by a service depends on the total number of other users, e.g., when only one person had email, she had no one to communicate with, but with 100 mm users on line, the demand for Internet services mushroomed. ii. scale and scope economies – scaleability is the degree to which scale and scope of a business can be increased without a corresponding increase in costs, e.g., the information in Yahoo is eminently scaleable (the same information can serve 100 as well as 100 mm users) and to serve a larger number of users, Yahoo needs only increase the capacity of its computers and links. A seller with...
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...What is the relationship between marketing and the fundamental theory of exchange? To understand the relationship between marketing and the fundamental theory of exchange, one must define the two separately to know the benefit of them together. The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines marketing “as the process or technique of promoting, selling, and distributing a product or service.” (1) With any business, one must have this skill to be able to promote the goods or service that they wish to sell to the public. In relation to the fundamental theory of exchange an article written by a grad student from Illinois State University wrote about the fundamental theorem of exchange, "One of the most important principles of economics is the Fundamental Theorem of Exchange: ... trade is mutually beneficial. Voluntary exchange increases [net benefits] for all parties involved." (2) For one to have a truly successful relationship between these two they need to have an understanding on what they are selling. The worst thing a consumer wants when they go to a store or shop is for the salesman helping them to not know anything about what they are talking about. With being in retail for the majority of my life I have come to know that just a small portion of consumers know what they want when they walk into a store. It is the job of the salesman to use his, “promoting, selling, and distributing” skills to be able to secure a successful transaction of exchange between the consumer and the...
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...perceptual, and cognitive changes across the life span Distinguish between inductive and deductive theory formulation Describe the phases of motor development List and describe the stages within the phases of motor development Explain how the requirements of the movement task, the biology of the individual, and conditions of the learning environment interact with the Triangulated Hourglass Model of motor development Demonstrate knowledge of both how and why using a heuristic device as a metaphor for understanding is helpful in conceptualizing the products and processes of motor development Descriptive theory Explanatory theory Phases of motor development Inductive method Deductive method Category of movement Reflexes Rudimentary movement abilities Fundamental movement skills Specialized movement skills Heuristic Algorithm Triangulated Hourglass Model of motor development 46 www.mhhe.com/gallahue7e CHAPTER 3 Motor Development: A Theoretical Model 47 KEY CONCEPT The processes and products of motor development across the lifespan may be conceptualized through use of a triangulated hourglass heuristic. A major function of theory is to integrate existing facts, to organize them in such a way as to give them meaning. Theories of development take existing facts about the human organism and provide a developmental model congruent with these facts. Therefore, theory formulation serves as a basis for fact testing and vice versa. Facts are important, but they alone...
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...Importance of Nursing Theory Chamberlain College of Nursing Theoretical Basis Adv Nursing NR501 July 20, 2015 Importance of Nursing Theory Theory is an arrangement of thoughts meant to describe something. These thoughts and ideas usually have basic principles that validate the purpose of the proposed theory. Nursing theory is a well thought out scholarly structure of concepts. These concepts are created to help guide nursing practice. They explain the fundamentals of nursing care. Multiple clinical decisions are based upon nursing theories. There are many different types of nursing theories developed primarily by nurses. Nursing theorist’s main goal is to examine nursing practice and explain the working or non-working parts of nursing. Theorists frequently use their academic and clinical experiences when producing theories. A very popular and influential nursing theorist in the twentieth century was Virginia Henderson. The development of her Nursing Need Theory has greatly impacted nursing practice today (Waller-Wise, 2012). This paper will include four sections. Section one will examine how theories have an impact and importance to the nursing profession. Section two will review the relationships among the concepts of Henderson’s Nursing Need Theory. Section three will examine two real-life examples illustrating the views of Henderson’s Theory. Section four will contain a summary and conclusion along with the knowledge gained from writing this paper. Section...
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...rentals over the long term. On the other hand, speculator buys stocks hoping for a short-term gain over the next days or weeks. Traditionally, investment experts have used one of two approaches for asset valuation. One is “the firm-foundation theory”, and the other is “the castle-in-the-air theory”. The interesting point is, two theories appear to be mutually exclusive. The firm-foundation theory insists that each investment instrument has a firm anchor of something called “intrinsic value”, which can be determined by careful analysis of present conditions and future prospects. Williams, writer of “The Theory of Investment Value”, went on to argue that the intrinsic value of stock was equal to the present value of its entire future dividend. The theory is reasonable, because the greater present dividends and increasing rate, the greater the value of the stock. The castle-in-the-air-theory focuses on psychic values, professional investors analyze how the crowd of investors is likely to behave in the future and how during periods of optimism they tend to build their hopes into castles in the air. In other words, the value of stock would be decided by mass psychology rather than intrinsic value. Chapter 5: Technical and Fundamental Analysis Technical analysis is the method of predicting the...
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...learning from philosophers through time regarding personalities and has given the culture different hypothesis and philosophies. Even with the numerous philosophies and propositions during the study of behaviors the insinuation on personality is still the same. As time is moving on an understanding takes place in regards to personalities, although many people still remain to have their techniques and add valuable input to the culture of behavioral philosophies. Klein’s object relation theory and Fromm’s humanistic psychoanalysis are considered the better illustration of giving important inputs that help with explaining and the mistreatment of behaviors and what influences behavior. Humanistic Psychoanalysis Erich Fromm was a psychotherapist that implemented his profession in a typical psychoanalytic method. After ten years of Freudian style methods he created his own style, one with more powerful and demanding techniques. Humanistic psychoanalysis from Fromm starts with the fundamental ideas that understanding individuals is reached by having an understanding of the human foundation. By nature individuals do not have the ability to survive in persistent changing places. Humanistic psychoanalysis believe mankind’s segregation from the world they live in has developed a state of isolation and privacy, a situation called basic anxiety (Feist & Feist, 2009). Fortunately, Fromm...
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...First Year LLM Degree Program Syllabus Semester I Paper - I Legal Theory - I Paper - II Constitutional Law - I Paper - III Research Methodology Semester II Paper - I Legal Theory - II Paper - II Constitutional Law - II Paper - III Law and Social Change ~YllabUS for tbe LL.M. Programme Note: The topic title of the syllabus is merely indicative. In order to keep up with the recent developments in law and the development of various concepts and ideologies, the subject faculty will supply detailed syllabus during the course of the scheme. The subject faculty will also supply the seminar topics for each student for each semester separately. The student should ensure that they are allotted the seminar topics in each of the subjects at the beginning of the semester itself. LEGAL THEORY I 1. Nature of jurisprudence 2. Meaning of Law 3. Natural Law theories 4. Classical Positivism 5. Pure Theory of Law 6. Analytical School of Law 7. Sociological School of Law 8. American Realism 9. Scandinavian Realism 10. Historical and Anthropological Jurisprudence 11. Marxist Theories of Law and State 12. Feminist Jurisprudence 13. Postmodernist Jurisprudence 12 SUGGESTED READINGS 1. Lloyd's introduction to jurisprudence 2. Jurisprudence by Dias 3. Jurisprudence by Mahajan 4. Jurisprudence by Bodenheimer 5. Jurisprudence by Wayne Morrison 6. Concept of Law H.L.A. Hart 7. Social Dimension of law by Julius Stone 8. Law in the Changing Society by Friedman 9. Law...
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...TEACHING FUNDAMENTAL MORAL PRINCIPLES TO Page 2 STUDENTS AT DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS Introduction Educational psychology is a branch of psychology concerned with developing effective educational techniques and dealing with psychological problems in schools. It’s a study of methods of training, teaching and their effectiveness. Also, the problems experienced in learning formal material; in particular, the study of how to help people, especial school children, with their learning problems to overcome their difficulties. (Definition) Fundamental moral principles are the principles of right and wrong that are accepted by an individual or a social group. (Definition) Moral education is an increasingly popular topic in the fields of psychology and education. It’s been constantly debated in our daily lives. For instance, increased suicide cases, juvenile crimes such as: drug abuse, gang fights, theft and also teen pregnancy and inclining abortion rates have caused many to question the morals of the upcoming generation. This is not only faced in Singapore, but many other nations are also facing serious moral issues with the children these days. Therefore, for today’s programme, I will be focusing on different age groups; children between the age 3 and 5, Primary 5 students (10-11 years old) and High School Seniors/Junior College students (16-17 years old), and teach these students about right or wrong of fundamental moral principles. To learn about cognitive...
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...Introduction Article 15(4) was inserted into the Constitution by way of amendment and wasn’t a clause which was present in the Constitution, since it came into being. This amendment gave the executive powers to make any special provisions for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Schedule Castes and Schedule Tribes. This provision was considered necessary by the legislature as India gained independence and a democratic form of Government came into being, the need to uplift the down-trodden was felt. Reservation were to be implemented initially for only 10 years but have being continuing till now. Over the years the extent to which reservations should be allowed has been a matter of great controversy and has been discussed in various cases. The present condition is that reservations in general should not exceed 50%. But this was not always the position. Since Article 15(4) permits discrimination in reverse by reserving seats in educational institutions, the extent of such reservation assumes great importance for the citizen, for the public generally and for the State. An instructive illustration of such appointments to unreserved and reserved posts is furnished by the facts of T. Devadasan v. Union of India and Anr. Out of 45 appointments to be made, 16 were made from unreserved seats and 29 from candidates belonging to the Schedule Castes and Tribes. The petitioner complained that although he had obtained 61 per cent marks...
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...Introduction Efficient market hypothesis is widely accepted by academic community as a cornerstone of modern financial theory. Fama (1970) gives detailed definition of this theory and states that efficient market is a market that stock prices quickly and fully reflect all available and newly released information, where majority of participants are rational in their decision making process and where an investor is not able to outperform the market through any analyses, because of actual price of stock shows its intrinsic value. Naturally such revolutionary hypothesis did not occur suddenly. In 1990 Louis Bachelier in his "Theory of Speculation" paragraph gave definition of informational efficiency of the market. This study was not being developed until 1953 when Maurice Kendall who postulated that stock prices movement follow the random walk theory. Further enhancement of these studies associated with the name of Eugene Fama who gave comprehensive resume of efficient market hypothesis, as well as empirical evidences to support it and defined three form of efficient market: weak, semi-strong and strong in 1970 (Dimson and Mussavian, 1998). Later several different researches have been carried out by financial academics which continuously underpinned efficient market hypothesis. Consequently this theory began widely use by investors for investment decision making process. However only after two decades this hypothesis began less dominance in the market. Several crashes, changing...
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... The Moments of Greatness article explores entering the fundamental state of leadership. The author, Robert Quinn, discusses how individuals can strive to always lead at their best. It doesn’t come from traditional training methods which believe leadership comes from studying behavior of others. Quinn concluded that when leaders are at their best they don’t copy anyone. They draw on their own values and frame a reaction appropriate to their personality. This is at the core of fundamental leadership. Quinn believes that everyone can function at a fundamental state of leadership by asking the following 4 questions: Am I results centered? - Have you articulated the results you want? Am I internally directed? - Are you willing to challenge others’ expectations? Am I others focused? - Have you put your organization’s needs above your own? Am I externally open? - Do you recognize signals suggesting need for change? You cannot always perform in the fundamental state. But by entering this state you become more comfortable and will return more often and inspire others at the same time. In the normal state people stay in their comfort zone. They allow others to direct how they react. This creates a pattern of leadership where imaginative ideas or thoughts are never explored. Boundaries are never tested to see how far you can go. The result is to stay complacent and in the same state of mind. Getting into the fundamental state can be very uncomfortable. Individuals have to move...
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...topic human resource management. To assess how carnel fundamental jewellery monitor employee’s performance, to determine how workers at carnel fundamental jewellery are rewarded and motivated and to identify how carnel pay his workers. Also in this research learning outcome 4 will also be examine where the ethical way used by the two organisations to lay off workers will be assess. The importance of human resource planning at Carnel’s fundamental jewellery. It’s also to identify ways used to measure employee performance, to determine the difference between personnel management and human resource management, to assess the importance of human resource planning in organisation, to identify the appropriateness of ways used by the two organisations to lay off workers. The research was undertaken through the use of visiting Carnel fundamental jewellery. Human Resource textbooks and the internet were used with the methodology in defining what quantitative and qualitative research; the background check is up on Pryce Fashionista Boutique websites and for the definition of terms and concept. LO3 Aims and objectives * To assess how carnel fundamental jewellery monitor employee’s performance * To determine how workers at Carnel Fundamental jewellery are rewarded and motivated. * To identify the method used by carnel to pay his work Lo4 Aims and objectives * To identify the exit procedure of workers at Carnel’s Fundamental jewellery. * To assess the reasons worker * ...
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...Click here to download the solutions manual / test bank INSTANTLY!! http://testbanksolutionsmanual.blogspot.com/2011/02/accounting-information-systems-romney.html ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Accounting Information Systems Romney 11th Edition Solutions Manual Accounting Information Systems Romney 11th Edition Solutions Manual Accounting Information Systems Romney 11th Edition Solutions Manual Accounting Information Systems Romney Steinbart 11th Edition Solutions Manual Accounting Information Systems Romney Steinbart 11th Edition Solutions Manual ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ***THIS IS NOT THE ACTUAL BOOK. YOU ARE BUYING the Solution Manual in e-version of the following book*** Name: Accounting Information Systems Author: Romney Steinbart Edition: 11th ISBN-10: 0136015182 Type: Solutions Manual - The file contains solutions and questions to all chapters and all questions. All the files are carefully checked and accuracy is ensured. - The file is either in .doc, .pdf, excel, or zipped in the package and can easily be read on PCs and Macs. - Delivery is INSTANT. You can download the files IMMEDIATELY once payment is done. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact us. Our response is the fastest. All questions will always be answered in 6...
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