...Russian: Автономная Республика Крым, Avtonomnaya Respublika Krym; Crimean Tatar: Qırım Muhtar Cumhuriyeti, Къырым Мухтар Джумхуриети) is[6][7] an autonomous republic in the southeastern region of Ukraine.[8][9][10] The Autonomous Republic of Crimea composes most of the Crimean peninsula, a peninsula on the northern coast of the Black Sea. The Ukrainian city of Sevastopol is also on the peninsula. The Cimmerians, Bulgars, Greeks, Scythians, Goths, Huns, Khazars, the state of Kievan Rus', Byzantine Greeks, Kipchaks, Ottoman Turks, Golden Horde Tatars and the Mongols each controlled Crimea in its earlier history. In the 13th century, it was partly controlled by the Venetians and by the Genoese; they were followed by the Crimean Khanate and the Ottoman Empire in the 15th to 18th centuries, the Russian Empire in the 18th to 20th centuries, Germany during World War II and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and later the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, within the Soviet Union during the rest of the 20th century until Crimea became part of independent Ukraine with the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991. The Autonomous Republic of Crimea is an autonomous parliamentary republic within Ukraine[8] and is governed by the Constitution of Crimea in accordance with the laws of Ukraine. The capital and administrative seat of the republic's government is the city of Simferopol, located in the center of the peninsula. Crimea's area is 26,200 square kilometres (10,100 sq mi) and...
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...financial results. Specifically, Schweitzer needs to consider what her position is on adopting the company’s financial projections for the future, the firm’s dividend policy and the compensation package that should be offered to the leader of international expansion, Oleg Pinchuck. There are other areas of Deutsche Brauerei’s operations however, that it appears worthwhile for Schweitzer to assess. These include Deutsche Brauerei’s practise of taking on excessive short-term debt, and the subsequent effect that has on the firm’s working capital. A further impact on Deutsche Brauerei’s working capital could be as a result of the effect of Pinchuck’s extremely relaxed accounts receivable in Ukraine. Finally, Schweitzer should evaluate the benefits and shortfalls of the firm’s aggressive expansion into Ukraine. Dividends Declaration Policy: Deutsche Brauerei is currently enjoying a high growth rate in sales, for 2001 the projected growth rate is approximately 48%. It is unusual that a firm that is so successful at generating sales is taking on such a large amount of short-term debt. One of the principle reasons Deutsche Brauerei has such a large amount of short term borrowings is the pressure they are put under to provide such a substantial dividend payment to shareholders. The largest financial demand’s the firm is currently facing is that they require EUR 7 million for investment in new plant and equipment in 2001 and according to the projections of Pinchuk, are planning to maintain...
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...1. What accounts for Deutsche Brauerei’s (DB) rapid growth in recent years? What strategic choices were made? The Ukraine account grow rapidly in the recent years. The strategic is just expanding, more focus on the sale/volume, not on how to turn the order to money. It can be understood that the local distributors need some policy support from DB, because they just start, still at the beginning of capitalization period. The current credit policy is applicable for the starting phase, but long term it needs to be adapted (e.g annual bounce on the pay on time accounts). Meanwhile because of fast expansion, more investments on the Assets in Ukraine is needed. The financial plan includes a 7 million euro investment in new plant and equipment for the Ukrainian operations in 2001, followed by a 6.8 million euro investment in 2002 for a new Ukranian warehouse and distribution center. Which is reasonable, but need more detail plan/business case before make the decision. I would say, half of the amount should be financed by Ukraine team itself, if they are able to turn the account receivable to cash. 2. What is the credit policy for DB for distributors in the Ukraine? Why is it different from other sales? Is it appropriate (examine the business models in both instances). The credit policy for Ukranian distributors from 2 percent 10, net 40 to 2 percent 10, net 80 (clients could take a 2% discount if payment was made within 10 days of the invoice, otherwise payment...
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...Ukraine Famine The Ukrainian Famine was dreadful famine premeditated by the Soviet Union, headed by Joseph Stalin during 1932-1933, as a means to undermine the nationalistic pride of the Ukrainian people. It served to control and further oppress the Ukrainian people by denying them the basic vital essentials they needed to survive. The Ukrainian Famine is also known as Holodomor, meaning “death by hunger.” The Communist Regime sought to eliminate any threat from Ukrainian nationalists, whom they feared had the potential to form a rebellion and to seek independence from the Soviet Union. More than 5,000 Ukrainian intellectuals were arrested and later were either murdered or deported to prison camps in Siberia. These individuals were falsely accused of plotting an armed rebellion; however it was very clear that Stalin’s intentions were to eliminate the leaders of Ukrainian society, to leave the masses without any guidance or direction. Stalin regarded the self-sufficient farms of the Ukraine peasants, as a threat to his ideals. He did not want the Ukrainian peasants to prosper freely from the wealth accumulated from independent farm holdings. The wealthier farmers were termed as “kulaks”, and became the primary target of “dekulukization,” an effort to eliminate independent farm-holdings, and create collective farm units. The Communists attempted to gain the support of the poorer class of peasants, by turning them against the kulak class of farmers. A false image of the Kulak...
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...Nuclear Energy Jackie Johnson SCI 207 Dependence of men on the environment Haleh Keshtker Jan. 29,2012 Nuclear Energy Will the Chernobyl nuclear is the large environmental disaster caused by the meltdown at the nuclear power plant near Chernobyl, Ukraine, dramatically changed the world’s opinion about using nuclear power reaction for power. But se the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was built the wooded marshlands of northern, Ukraine, approximately 80 miles north of Kiev. But see the first reactor went online in 1977, but the second in 1978, third in 1981, and the last in 1983, two more were planned for construction ( Ask.com 20th century History). See the media is comparing the threat to Chernobyl and some politicians are calling nuclear for a complete moratorium on the spread of nuclear energy. This is nothing more than sensationalist fearmonering. But see the Chernobyl disaster was caused by the absurd inefficiencies of the soviets and massive flaws in the power plants design. Here is something that is should the container be breached the Japanese government already has things in place to pour concrete over it as was don’t to contain Chernobyl. But see it is not right for Nuclear energy to work there butts off to help out in this world if Japanese government wants to power concrete over everything before they ask the rest of the world if they want that to happen. But see it is worth noting that the facility itself was fairly aged- Forty years, I read in one article-...
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...How successful were Stalin's economic policies? Stalin introduced the Five Year Plans and collectivisation as his economic policies to improve Russia's industrial backwardness. Collectivisation consisted of state controlled farms, as 90% of the produce would go to the state. The peasants would join their small individual plots to form communal farms, leading to larger amounts of food. The five year plans were aimed at industrial improvements in agriculture and factories. In purely economic terms, his policies were a success they provided a number of solutions to problems like the state's inability to afford to pay high prices for grain. The Five Year Plans built vast factories in places like Stalingrad, Leningrad and other cities across Russia. These improved the production output a lot with coal production jumping from 35.4 million tonnes in the 1927-1928 years to 128 million tonnes in 1937. Hydro-electric dams, canals, railways and other infrastructural projects took place, aiming to modernise Russia. This also helped Russia catch up with countries like Britain, USA and and Germany. As Stalin had warned in February 1931 "We are 50-100 years behind the advanced countries. We must make good this lag in ten years. If we don't do it, they'll crush us!". Other than act as propaganda for the Communists by suggesting they could be crushed by foreigners it shows that Stalin's polices were a success in industry terms. Russian life had drastically changed from living in wood...
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...The Secession of Crimea The crisis in Ukraine has been long cooking since 2004 and the Orange Revolution (1). Since then, there has been a strong opposition to pro-Russian supporters. The situation in the country was relatively calm until 2010, when President Yanukovich won elections and his rival candidate, Yulia Timoshenko, was arrested. In November 2013 the protests started gaining velocity, violent conflicts erupted and opposition blew up in Kiev, responding to Yanukovich’s new agreement on working closer with Russia, whilst stopping negotiations with the European Union. The conflicts did not reach the Crimean peninsula, nevertheless the Crimean Parliament, which is granted limited autonomy, asked Russia to protect them. Crimea has been part of the Ukrainian state –or formerly the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic- since 1954 and provides great strategic value, since the Black Sea ports of Crimea offer unproblematic access to the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Crimea has been the base of the Russian Black Sea Fleet for several decades and is therefore of great importance to Russian military strategy. For the Russian Federation, the base in Sevastopol is the only access into international waters, since the northern ports in e.g. Siberia are subject to freezing. According to the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine, the population is composed of 58.5% ethic Russians, 24.4% Ukrainians and 12.1% Crimean Tartars among others, amounting to a total population of approximately...
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...a. What was decided at the Yalta Conference? The Yalta Conference was held in the Crimea in Feb 1945. It was attended by Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill. At the time, it was seen as a great success because agreement was reached on a wide range of topics: * The UN should be set up * Germany was to be divided into 4 zones; initially USA, UK, Russia but France was added later * Similar agreements were made in Austria * Free elections were to be held in all Eastern European countries * Stalin agreed to enter war against Japan on condition that they gained Sakhalin Island and parts of Manchuria. But, there were also signs that they were unlikely to agree over Poland. When Russia had swept through Poland, pushing the Germans back, they had set up a communist government in Lublin, even though there was a Polish government in exile in London. It was agreed at Yalta that some of the exile government should join the Lublin government, and in return, the Russians would be allowed to keep a ‘strip’ of Eastern Poland. But Roosevelt and Churchill refused to agree to Stalin’s demands that Poland should be given all of the land east of the Oder-Neisse Line. b. Why was there so much mistrust between the east and the west in 1945? At this time, Stalin was hungry for Power and he wanted to take control of any country he could, no matter the consequences. During the Yalta Conference, Russia had set up a communist government in Lublin even though there was a Polish government...
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...century, the territory of the present day Ukraine was contested, ruled and divided by a variety of powers, including Lithuania, Poland, Austro-Hungary, and Russia. A Cossack republic emerged and prospered during the 17th and 18th centuries, but Ukraine remained otherwise divided until its consolidation into a Soviet republic in the 20th century, becoming an independent state only in 1991. Ukraine has long been a global breadbasket because of its extensive, fertile farmlands. In 2011, it was the world's third-largest grain exporter with that year's harvest being much larger than average.[17] Ukraine is one of the ten most attractive agricultural land acquisition regions.[18] The country also has a well-developed manufacturing sector, particularly in aerospace and industrial equipment. Ukraine is a unitary republic under a semi-presidential system with separate powers: legislative, executive, and judicialbranches. Its capital and largest city is Kiev. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Ukraine continues to maintain the second-largest military in Europe, after that of Russian Federation, when reserves and paramilitary personnel are taken into account.[19] The country is home to 45.4 million people (including Crimea),[3][20] 77.8% of whom are Ukrainians by ethnicity, and with a sizable minority of Russians (17%), as well as Romanians/Moldovans, Belarusians, Crimean Tatars, andHungarians. Ukrainian is the official language of Ukraine; its alphabet is Cyrillic. Russian is also...
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...Background: Sushi-bar was one of the most profitable businesses in the fast food industry as its opening demanded the minimum starting investments, being comparable only with ‘coffee’ (the price of opening one coffee house was about US$70,000). As a rule, the organization of fast food restaurant requires a total area of 50–200 m2, with the average volume of investments being $900–1500 per m2 a year. The monthly profit of one average restaurant/bar is around $10,000. In late 2002, Yevgeny Kadomsky and Mikhail Tevelev, decided on opening a restaurant with an original style that offered Japanese cuisine. Their new approach would attempt to leave behind all traditional stereotypes of Japanese restaurants. Dve Palochki (Two Sticks) was founded in St. Petersburg in 2003. By 2008, twelve restaurants were opened under the brand in both the historical center and new residential areas of the city. Every day Two Sticks restaurants served over four thousand guests, with an average bill of 450 rubles ($15). Their appeal was different from their competitors’ because they offered an unusual atmosphere and original advertising campaign. In 2008, the company announced ambitious plans to open three hundred restaurants in Russia’s biggest cities and expand abroad within five years. Some of them were located in the city center, while others were farther uptown on busy prospects. In 2008, the chain served an estimated 150,000 visitors a month, with a total turnover of $30 million. A restaurant’s...
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...Russian-Ukrainian, from an Eastern Ukrainian city of Ivano-Frankovks. My grandparents from my father’s side are from Russia, and my mother’s side of the family is Ukrainian, thus making me a combination of both. Being Russian in the Eastern part of Ukraine is pretty uncommon, as the eastern part closer to Poland speaks Ukrainian, and the Western part of the country mostly speaks Russian. Ukraine was occupied by Poland and Lithuania in the 14th century. Ukrainian peasants who fled the Polish who forced them into slavery came to be known as Cossacks. The Cossacks created their own colonies and led several uprisings against Polish rule, but ultimately they turned to the Russians for security. The country became one of the republics within the Soviet Union in 1922. Ukraine gained independence after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. From the nine years that I lived in Ukraine, and the many summers that I’ve spend there after coming to United States, I’ve come to realize that it’s a very beautiful country, with breath taking Carpathian mountains, and the cold Black Sea. Both Ukrainian, and Russian cosines are delicious, with the cultural menus ranging from borsch to the famous pirogues, and my favorite being blini (also known as crepes). Although Ukraine is a wonderful country to spend summers in, but economically and politically the country is currently not doing very well, especially with the ongoing protests that began last year. Ukraine’s economy continues to be burdened by extreme...
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...Asia the Beauty and Diversity for a Vacation One of the world’s largest and most diverse continent is Asia. Its total Area, including Asian Russia (with the Caucasian isthmus) but excluding the island of New Guinea, amounts to some 17,226,200 square miles, thus it roughly represents one-third of the land surface of Earth. Asia has both the highest and the lowest points on the surface of Earth, in addition to having the longest coastline of any continent. Moreover, Asia is usually subjected to the world’s widest climatic extremes, and as a result, Asia produces many varied forms of vegetation and animal life on Earth. In addition, with a close look to the people of Asia, we can find that Asia has the broadest variety of human adaptation that could be found on any of the continents. In fact, Asia is a continent that is full of adventure and spirituality, which has attracted many travelers for centuries. So, Why to choose Asia for your next travel destination? In addition to the fact that Asia is considered as one of the most diverse continents, including different cultures, landscapes, different religions, and a board variety of populations, there are many other reasons that make you choose Asia specifically for your next travel destination. 1- Asian, Ancient Civilizations: Actually, Asia includes many Ancient wonders and sacramental spaces across the continent, starting from the Chinease Great Wall, the temples of Angkor, to the lesser-known marvels in Myanmar, Nepal and Afghanistan...
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...Since its appearance on the radar of the western world, Russia has always presented a mystery to other nations. Winston Churchill famously described it as “a riddle wrapped in a mystery inside an enigma,” (Churchill). One particular period of interest in the tumultuous history of this enigmatic country: the Kievan Rus. To truly understand all the available points and facets of this period, one should examine how it came to be as well as the varying ideas and theories that have been formulated to explain the birth such a powerful civilization. Like any origin story, theories vary surrounding the creation of the Kievan state. Chief among these disputed details, the issue of which people(s) were actually responsible for its establishment. The short answer to this question: the Slavs. After all, the Russians are considered Slavic people and any organization composed of Slavs must be Slavic. This easy answer is somewhat complicated by further study, as it reveals the impact of adjacent cultures on the organization of this state. Most historians typically hold to either the Norman or Anti-Norman theories, in that the Norman theory supports the view that Vikings (known as Varangians or Rus), are responsible for the creation of a Russian civilization centering on Kiev, while the Anti-Norman does not support this view. The theory of Varangian rule over the Slavic peoples is granted great backing by its support in the Primary Chronicle, the collection of the narratives of the...
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...Background: Since the late 1980’s the Russian people have experienced one of the most drastic transitions seen in the world to date, a transition from an attempt at communism to a workable capitalist system. As one would expect, this transition has not been painless and has been the impetus of many distressing problems for the Russian people. One such problem is organized crime. Organized crime during Soviet rule and the Russian Federation has created obstacles in this transition to a functioning market economy. This transition from the USSR to the Russian Federation has impaired Russia’s attempts at a market economy. It has worked its way through openings provided by the transition economy to become a setback to the Russian society and economy. Organized crime disables successful economic reform by influencing important issues such as competition, entrepreneurship, capital flight, the shadow economy, and violence. The major roots of organized crime in Russia go back to the middle of the twenty century. As early as the 1970’s, the Russian mafia had advanced to the status of primary protectors and beneficiaries in the robust Soviet shadow economy. By 1991, organized crime had expanded to form over 700 gangs in the Russian republic alone. This expansion was aided by Perestroika’s, a political movement within the Communist Party, opening up of market opportunities. In Leningrad, as much as ninety percent of the cooperatives produced by the liberal policies of Perestroika were...
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...the same history or the same roots may have poor intercultural communication because of some stereotypes or bias. The best example is the relations between Russia and Ukraine. If to consider the last years, a special trim can be observed in the relations of Russia and Ukraine in all of the questions connected with the Russian-Ukrainian relations. Geographically it divides the country into east and western part and with time the situation only gets worse. This is mostly the problem. Not only language and geography split the country but also the world outlook principle as well. The main problem of the Ukrainian authority today is how to connect these differently looking at the world and destiny parts of the country through a prism of the Russian-Ukrainian relations. The actions of the Ukrainian authority at the process of solving this problem are quite contradictory. On the one hand, there is an understanding of necessity to move toward Russia, but on the other hand, the movement seems to be in an opposite direction. First, it concerns the gas conflict between Russia and Ukraine. The intense relations between these two countries in the sphere of gas relations have already become a bad tradition. The misunderstanding level between them frequently leads to faults with the deliveries of the Russian gas to Ukraine...
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