...Limitations: Point: main difficulty with the concept of deviation from social norms = varies as time changes Evidence: What is socially accepted now may not have been socially acceptable 50 years ago e.g. homosexuality Explanation: definition will be constantly altered with regards to the prevailing social norms/ attitudes time change = social attitude change no standardised/generalised based on deviation from ‘social norms’. Limitations: Point: main difficulty with the concept of deviation from social norms = varies as time changes Evidence: What is socially accepted now may not have been socially acceptable 50 years ago e.g. homosexuality Explanation: definition will be constantly altered with regards to the prevailing social norms/ attitudes time change = social attitude change no standardised/generalised based on deviation from ‘social norms’. Limitations: Point: attempts to define abnormality influenced by cultural factors (cultural relativism) Evidence: Western European society’s accept sex between consenting adults of any gender where s it may be classified abnormal in a different culture e.g. Sub-Saharan Africa Explanation: different cultures = different standards Limitations: Point: attempts to define abnormality influenced by cultural factors (cultural relativism) Evidence: Western European society’s accept sex between consenting adults of any gender where s it may be classified abnormal in a different culture e.g. Sub-Saharan Africa Explanation:...
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...Social norms are customs that we are conditioned to percieve as ordinary. Social norms have their pupose in our society. One can look at social norms as being favorable or unfavorable. I personally think that social norms are often a positive thing as they help keep us in order. For this paper I decided to violate a social norm that is derived from folkways. Folways are common demeanors related to rituals and triditions of a certain society. The norm that I choose to violate for this paper required me to cut into the middle of a line by myelf and stay in line for atleast 2 minutes. I decided to violate this social norm on the campus of Queensborough Commnity Colloge, in the cafeteria located in the science building. I choose this specific...
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...Deviance, in a sociological context, describes actions or behaviors that violate social norms, including formally-enacted rules (e.g., crime),[1] as well as informal violations of social norms (e.g., rejecting folkways and mores). It is the purview of sociologists, psychologists, psychiatrists, and criminologists to study how these norms are created, how they change over time and how they are enforced. Norms are rules and expectations by which members of society are conventionally guided. Deviance is an absence of conformity to these norms. Social norms differ from culture to culture. For example, a deviant act can be committed in one society that breaks a social norm there, but may be normal for another society. Viewing deviance as a violation of social norms, sociologists have characterized it as "any thought, feeling, or action that members of a social group judge to be a violation of their values or rules "or group" conduct, that violates definitions of appropriate and inappropriate conduct shared by the members of a social system. The departure of certain types of behavior from the norms of a particular society at a particular time and "violation of certain types of group norms where behavior is in a disapproved direction and of sufficient degree to exceed the tolerance limit of the community. Deviance can be relative to time and place because what is considered deviant in one social context may be non-deviant in another (e.g., fighting during a hockey game vs. fighting...
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...Deviance – violation of a social norm Conformity – adherence to social norm Range of tolerance – a scope of behaviors considered acceptable and defined as conformity Extreme deviance – beliefs, behaviors, or physical traits that are so unacceptable that they elicit extremely strong negative reactions Crime – any act that violates a criminal law Hate crime – criminal acts against people and their property that are motivated by racial and ethnic prejudices and other social biases Stigma – any characteristic that sets people apart and discredits or disqualifies them form full social acceptance and participation Medical model – views deviance as analogous to illness Pornography – sexually explicit materials intended solely for sexual arousal Social pathology – a problem that potentially threatens the survival of society Strain theories – the view that deviance is a result of the tensions or strain experienced by people because of their position in the social structure Anomie – a state of social strain, normative confusion, or rapid change in norms when people’s behavior is no longer restrained by conventional norms Conflict theories of deviance – view deviance as arising when groups with power attempt to impose their norms and values on less powerful groups Elite deviance – includes all aspects of white-collar crime as well as other deviant acts perpetrated by those in power Labeling theories – view deviance and conformity primarily as labels assigned to...
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...SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM MKT 305 WK 11 QUIZ 10 CHAPTER 16 MKT 305 WK 11 Quiz 10 Chapter 16 TRUE/FALSE 1. Consumer misbehavior is behavior that violates generally accepted norms of conduct. 2. Consumer misbehavior may be viewed as a subset of a more general topic, human deviance. 3. All consumer misbehavior is illegal. 4. The focal motivation for consumer misbehavior is value. 5. Other consumers may suffer while misbehaving consumers break societal norms and laws. 6. Moral equity represent beliefs regarding an act’s fairness or justness. 7. A consumer’s moral beliefs are comprised of two components: norms and relativism. 8. Relativism refers to beliefs about the violation of written or unwritten laws. 9. Equity reflects beliefs about the social acceptability of an act. 10. When a consumer enters into a situation that calls for an ethical decision, three sets of ethical evaluations occur: equity, contractual, and relativist. MKT 305 WK 11 QUIZ 10 CHAPTER 16 To purchase this visit here: http://www.activitymode.com/product/mkt-305-wk-11-quiz-10-chapter-16/ Contact us at: SUPPORT@ACTIVITYMODE.COM MKT 305 WK 11 QUIZ 10 CHAPTER 16 MKT 305 WK 11 Quiz 10 Chapter 16 TRUE/FALSE 1. Consumer misbehavior is behavior that violates generally accepted norms of conduct. 2. Consumer misbehavior may be viewed as a subset of a more general topic, human deviance. 3. All consumer misbehavior is illegal...
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...Taking my Boyfriend Out on a Date Social norms in society are typically unwritten rules on how to behave. Social norms provide us with an expected idea on how to behave in a particular social group or culture. These rules may be explicit or implicit. Violating social norms can result in consequences. It is said that people who do not follow these norms may be shunned or suffer some kind of consequence. Social norms change according to the environment or situation and may change or be modified over time. In sociology, we were given an assignment in which we were required to violate a social norm. On Friday, January 22, I chose to violate a social norm by asking and taking my boyfriend out on a date, while paying for the tab as well. Routinely,...
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...Social Deviancy in South Korea Deviancy, in a sociological context, refers to behaviors or activities that violate formal and informal norms within a society. It involves breaking a norm that in return creates a negative reaction to the deviant act and the deviant from the rest of society. Every culture has their own criteria for what is consider deviant, and sometimes what might seem odd or inappropriate in one society could very well be the accepted as the standard in another. Deviancy of any kind, regardless of the society, is greatly looked down upon and can leave the deviant stigmatized from the rest of the cultural group. Often times, this leads the deviant being completely out casted and the consequence of performing a deviant act could be severe. Societies could either be considered “loose” or “tight” depending on the strength of their social norms and the degree of sanctioning those norms within their culture. [1] In the case of South Korea, it is considered a tight society. Neo-Confucianism is the moral and ethical philosophy that is the foundation for South Korean belief and values. These beliefs and values are so strong they rule every aspect of Korean culture from the individual, to the family, to social interactions. Because of its strictness, all social interactions call for strict protocols that must be followed at all times by every member or the society. Many loose societies (particularly those of the Western world) have criticized Korean society for being...
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...Deviance is defined as the recognized violation of cultural norms. This is an extremely broad definition, and depending on who is explaining it, the above definition can mean a variety of different things. Critically examine the theory of deviance with reference to young people and their membership in deviant subcultures or gangs. Deviance is associated with young people today and is rapidly on the increase within the street and school environment. Young deviants are engaging in gang membership and subcultures with a means of social belonging, social interest and ethnic identity. There are several sociological and subcultural theories which deem to explain deviance. Some of the theories are functionalist pretentious that criminal activity is motivated by economic needs, while others conceive a social class basis for deviance. Deviance sociologically can be defined as a norm or rule-breaking behaviour which in most cases is focused to negative social sanctions. It describes actions or behaviours that violate cultural norms including formally-enacted rules. Examples of this would be crime. Cultural norms are behaviour patterns that are characteristic of specific groups. Such behaviours can be learned from parents, teachers and peers. Some norms are healthy whereas some are not. Unhealthy norms usually proceed to crime. Crime is defined as a behaviour which is prohibited and liable to be punished by law. Deviance is a behaviour not prescribed by law. Deviants are seen...
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...Chapter Eight: Deviance and Social Control Chapter Summary Sociologists use the term deviance to refer to any violation of rules and norms. From a sociological perspective, deviance is relative. Definitions of “what is deviant” vary across societies and from one group to another within the same society. Howard S. Becker described the interpretation of deviance as, “…not the act itself, but the reaction to the act that makes something deviant.” This coincides with the symbolic interactionist view. In some cases, an individual need not do anything to be labeled a deviant. He or she may be falsely accused or discredited because of a birth defect, race, or disease. Even crime is relative when interpreting the deviance of the actor. Deviance is based on adherence to and violation of norms. Human groups need norms to exist. By making behavior predictable, norms make social life possible. Consequently, all human groups develop a system of social control, which involves formal and informal means of enforcing norms. Those who violate these norms face the danger of being labeled “deviant.” Violators can expect to experience negative sanctions for the violation of norms. Members of society who conform to societal norms, especially those who go above and beyond what is commonly expected, receive positive sanctions. In some societies, such as the Amish, shaming is a common negative sanction that acts strongly as a means of social control, minimizing deviance. Biologists...
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...It happens every day between lovers and is generally accepted in the world. Applying this benign act to a situation, say two men were kissing. There isn’t a violation against kissing in public which wouldn’t make this situation funny. Using the transitive property, the Charlie Hebdo cartoon depicting the prophet Muhammad kissing the male representation of the magazine company isn’t funny either. This also doesn’t cross the line because it doesn’t violate any of the American people’s norms. In order for a line to be formed, let alone be crossed, there has to be some sort of violation. To the American people, the prophet Muhammad is just the Islamic version of Abraham, according to those who study the Islamic bible. The guy labeled Charlie Hebdo would merely be some random guy if one didn’t have prior knowledge as to what Charlie Hebdo is. Therefore, the work created by Charlie Hebdo in relation to the prophet Muhammad doesn’t cross the...
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...Stepping Outside My Box and Into Social Change Regina Weekley South University Online Stepping Outside My Box and Into Social Change It has been said, “There have always been people who defy gender norms”, and I am one of those people. As a child comfort wasn’t something I felt in girlie dresses or even pink and white shoes, but baggy jeans and loose fitting T-shirts with matching boy’s sneakers. Being forced into what was “socially acceptable” or the “gender norm” of dressing like a girl because I was girl made life uncomfortable on several occasions and also became a battle within. I didn’t understand what the big deal was, I just wanted to be comfortable in my own skin, but not wanting to disappoint those who matter the most I conformed. I gave into social control, and forsook my individuality. In search of a peace within, I found myself having to step outside the box of the “norm” and step into my individuality which put me in violation of a folkway-wearing the other gender’s clothing. In this essay I will recall at least one situation I violated this folkway, discuss my feelings of violating the norm and other’s reaction to my violation. Almost a week ago, I was being honored at an after five Gala for my work in community service. As we know galas have a pretty direct dress code; women normally wear a nice dress, and the men adorned with a nice suit and bow tie. When approach by my director with the specifics of the gala and my attendance being mandatory, I had to...
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...Chapter Eight: Deviance and Social Control Chapter Summary Sociologists use the term deviance to refer to any violation of rules and norms. From a sociological perspective, deviance is relative. Definitions of “what is deviant” vary across societies and from one group to another within the same society. Howard S. Becker described the interpretation of deviance as, “…not the act itself, but the reaction to the act that makes something deviant.” This coincides with the symbolic interactionist view. In some cases, an individual need not do anything to be labeled a deviant. He or she may be falsely accused or discredited because of a birth defect, race, or disease. Even crime is relative when interpreting the deviance of the actor. Deviance is based on adherence to and violation of norms. Human groups need norms to exist. By making behavior predictable, norms make social life possible. Consequently, all human groups develop a system of social control, which involves formal and informal means of enforcing norms. Those who violate these norms face the danger of being labeled “deviant.” Violators can expect to experience negative sanctions for the violation of norms. Members of society who conform to societal norms, especially those who go above and beyond what is commonly expected, receive positive sanctions. In some societies, such as the Amish, shaming is a common negative sanction that acts strongly as a means of social control, minimizing deviance. Biologists, psychologists, and...
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...Deviant Behavior Social disorganization BIBLIOGRAPHY Both “deviant behavior” and “social disorganization” have been variously defined, but there have been few efforts to distinguish between the two concepts. In fact, it has been suggested that they are not different, that along with “social problems*’ and the somewhat outmoded “social pathology,” they signify only a potpourri of conditions that are considered undesirable from the standpoint of the observer’s values, conditions that vary at different times and with different observers. According to this view, these terms have no scientific value and no legitimate status as sociological concepts. Such nihilism and counsel of despair are not justified. True, there is no consensus on the meaning of these terms, and they are, indeed, burdened with value connotations. However, they point to a number of distinctions that sociology must take into account. Concept of deviance. Turning first to the concept of deviant behavior, we must distinguish among the several definitions of the term, which are discussed below. Behavior that violates norms. Deviant behavior is behavior that violates the normative rules, understandings, or expectations of social systems. This is the most common usage of the term and the sense in which it will be used here. Crime is the prototype of deviance in this sense, and theory and research in deviant behavior have been concerned overwhelmingly with crime. However, normative rules are inherent in...
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...The social norm I chose to violate was to sit in an empty chair at an otherwise occupied table. I chose a table occupied by three people in a coffee shop in Portland, Oregon. There was not much of a reaction to the social norm violation I committed. The people at the table just looked at me for a moment. After an awkward moment of silence the people at the table said hello and made small talk with me. They were very friendly and easy going. They did not seem to mind that I sat at their table uninvited. After speaking for a few minutes I explained to them that this was a psychology assignment and let them read the assignment. The people at the table were somewhat confused as to why such a thing would be assigned by a college professor. They explained that they felt it was inappropriate for a teacher to ask students to put themselves into any of the listed situations. All the people stated they were not offended by someone actually doing these things. They were bothered that students were required to violate any of the “so-called social norms on the list”. I found my actions to be rude and inconsiderate. I would not like it if someone came over and sat at my table uninvited. Maybe someone wants to have a private conversation with the others at the table. Maybe someone is on a date and wants to be alone. Maybe the people at the table are criminals. Maybe the people do not care if someone sits at their table uninvited. The bottom line is that for me it was uncomfortable...
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...DEVIANCE, CRIME, AND THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Devance- Viewing deviance as a violation of social norms, sociologists have characterized it as "any thought, feeling, or action that members of a social group judge to be a violation of their values or rules "or group" 2. Stimga- stigma refers to the concept of people being 'marked' as different, specifically in a negative manner, based on some characteristic that separates them from the rest of the society. Some are based on inherent characteristic such as mental illness where people cannot change. 3. What is the difference between formal and informal deviance Formal deviance is behqavior that violates laws. Major crimes etc, informal is behavior that disregards accepted social norms like picking ones nose 4. What are the major sources of crime statistics? FBI’s uniform Crime report(UCR) and victimization surveys 5. Crime differs from deviance because- with a crime comes punishment 6. What are the shortcoming of the FBI’s Uniform Crime Report (UCR)? The data doesn’t offer accurate measures on the extent of “crime” 7. What are examples of victimless crimes include Acts that violate laws but involve individuals who don’t consider themselves victems, offenses that are the least likely to be reported 8. Sanctions are rewards or punishments for obeying or violating a norm 9. ____functionalist/ strain theory___ believe that crime occurs when people experience blocked opportunities...
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