...ISWA – The International Solid Waste Association Introduction and Perspectives on Integrated Waste Management, Recycling and Recovery of Energy from Waste Dr. Helmut Stadler Vice-President of ISWA International stadler.helmut@utanet.at www.iswa.org Table of Content l l l Introduction of ISWA International and ISWA Austria Problems and Challenges Perspectives on Solutions Sources: Franz Neubacher, David Newman, and others ISWA‘s Mission ISWA – the International Solid Waste Association – is a global, independent and non-profit making association, working in the public interest to fulfil its declared mission: “To Promote and Develop Sustainable and Professional Waste Management Worldwide“ ISWA achieves its mission through: Promoting resource efficiency through sustainable production and consumption Support to developing and emerging economies Advancement of waste management through education and training Promoting appropriate and best available technologies and practices Professionalism through its program on professional qualifications. More than 1,400 Members in More than 90 Countries WWW.ISWA.ORG ISWA Membership Benefits ISWA members have access to a variety of benefits as for instance access to: • Waste Management & Research • Waste Management World • ISWA Newsletter • ISWA Working Groups • ISWA's Job Exchange Platform • Large International Network • Discount on Registration Fees • Member Discount Program ISWA Membership Categories •...
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...INTRODUCTION The availability of satisfactory water and wastewater schemes is central to the needs of society. There is national and European legislation for local authorities in the provision of water and sewerage services. I am going to be looking at the main issues that I consider critical to the effective delivery of these services in County Kildare with specific reference to the different legislations. Critical issues to the effective delivery of water and sewerage services in County Kildare: The Local Government Act, 2001. The Local Government Act, 2001 was signed by the President on 21/7/01 and was brought into operation on a phased basis. Part 9 of the Act deals with the functions of local authorities. Chapter 5 (Sections 82-84) deals with functions under the Local Government (Sanitary Services) Acts 1878-1995. These Sections provide for a fundamental change in the way that water and wastewater services are delivered at local level. Section 83 provides for the consolidation of water supply and wastewater treatment and related functions at county level. These functions have transferred from the town councils to the county councils, which form a single sanitary district . Section 84 simply states that the functions under the Local Government (Sanitary Services) Acts, 1878-1995, other than water and sewerage services and related matters, remain vested in town sanitary authorities Water Services Act 2007: * Consolidation of water services law into a single...
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...say, however, the transformation of Central and Eastern Europe near the climax of the 80s took the European Community (EC) by surprise. In the pre1989 era, the EC exercised only a limited relationship with CEE countries and showed no serious interest for a European project of political and economic integration that would include any of the CEE states. According to Gower (1999), this inability to foresee the potential of the CEE region strongly reflects the ineffectiveness in the EC policies. Shortly after transition to democracy, ten CEE states (Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia) declared their utmost desire to join the “family of Europe” (Andonova 2004). As the idea of EU membership for these newly independent democracies in Central and Eastern Europe started to gain some serious ground in the early 90s, the debate over enlargement and its economic, social and The first chapter is like a long foreword of the dissertation. It introduces the dissertation document (report) and the research behind it in sufficient detail. Its purpose is to provide the reader with all fundamental information regarding the research and its report. It is usually about a tenth of the total count of the study. It usually has the following sections. o Background o Research Statement Research Questions ...
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...MINING A.1. POLICY AND REGULATIONS A.1.1. FEATURES OF NATIONAL MINING CODES OR MINERAL INDUSTRY CODE The main feature of German mining legislation is its comprehensive structure, implementing integrated risk prevention through an intermedia approach with strict requirements on concessions, health and safety, environment and other issues as well as differentiated mechanisms for compliance and monitoring. This approach directly implements the challenges of the concept of sustainable development, taking into consideration the three pillars of environmental protection, social development and economic development, with each of these three policy areas being mutually supportive of the others. Mining legislation in Germany consists of the Federal Mining Act of 1980 and a number of Mining Ordinances on technical and procedural issues, e.g. the Federal General Mining Ordinance of 1995, the Health and Safety Mining Ordinance of 1991, the Ordinance on the Environmental Impact Assessment of Mining Projects of 1990. These provisions set up a uniform mining law for all important mineral resources in the form of a comprehensive law covering all aspects of mining, including health and safety and environment, supervised by one single administration (one-stop shop). This comprehensive system has been strengthened in the past 30 years several times with the transferring into national German legislation of new European legislation on concessions, environment and health and safety in the extractive...
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...The economic benefits of environmental policy A project under the Framework contract for economic analysis ENV.G.1/FRA/2006/0073 - 2nd FINAL REPORT November 2009 Matt Raymenta, Elke Pirgmaierb, Griet De Ceusterc, Friedrich Hinterbergerb, Onno Kuikd, Henry Leveson Gowera, Christine Polzinb, Adarsh Varmaa a b c d GHK Sustainable Europe Research Institute (SERI) Transport & Mobility Leuven VU University Amsterdam, Institute for Environmental Studies (IVM) Institute for Environmental Studies Vrije Universiteit De Boelelaan 1087 1081 HV AMSTERDAM The Netherlands Tel. ++31-20-5989 555 Fax. ++31-20-5989 553 E-mail: info@ivm.falw.vu.nl Internet: http://www.vu.nl/ivm vrije Universiteit amsterdam Contents Executive Summary 1. 2. 3. 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4. 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 5. 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 6. 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 7. 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 8. 8.1 Introduction Environmental Policy and the Economy Environmental Policies and Productivity Description and background Policy instruments Review of evidence from the wider literature Evidence from examples and case studies Scale of economic benefits to date and assessment of the further potential Beneficiaries and timescale Environmental Policies and Innovation Description and background Policy instruments Review of evidence Examples and case studies Scale of economic benefits Beneficiaries and timescale Environmental Policies and Employment Description and background Policy instruments Review of evidence from...
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...“Waste includes all items that people no longer have any use for, which they either intend to get rid of or have already discarded” (European Topic Centre on Sustainable Consumption and Production). Some examples of waste can include household rubbish, waste from manufacturing items, old televisions or any other electronic items etc. Thus, all of our daily activities produce waste in some form or the other. The fact is that the more we grow the more waste we will produce; there is a direct relationship between the increase in standard of living and the amount of waste that is produced to sustain this growth. “Waste is a part of the economy – it is a by-product of all economic activity undertaken by businesses, governments and households (DEFRA report).” The European Union produces around 1.8 billion tonnes of waste each year which amount to about 3.5 tonnes per person (European Topic Centre on Sustainable Consumption and Production). The United Kingdom on its own produces around 220 million tonnes of waste every year. Managing all of this waste is a monumental task which governments have to undertake. With such vast quantities of waste being produced each year it is extremely important that it be managed in a way that will not harm the health of humans or the environment in which we live in. Waste has a considerable impact on the environment. The environment has the ability to transform waste over time into nutrients that can be used again. However, with the increase in...
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...the “free rider problem”: the incentive which consumers have to avoid contributing to financing public goods in proportion to their valuation of such good. Good examples to use include TV licence dodgers and people who choose to evade the Council Tax but who still receive local authority services. Another example might be a group of residents in a block of flats who all stand to benefit from the refurbishment of an adjacent playground or better lighting and security systems, but who individually might try to avoid payment and benefit once the improved amenities are in place. Given the nature of the free rider problem, public goods are often financed through some form of enforcement, notably the compulsory nature of the TV licence fee, management fees for residents living in blocks of accommodation or...
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...The European level has grown gradually since the 1970s to become the main framework in the most areas of environmental policy, which covers air and water pollution, biodiversity conservation, waste and recycling, the regulation of chemicals, noise, energy conservation, some areas of climate change mitigation, environmental liability and justice, marine protection and other issues (Institute for European Environmental Policy, 2013). Scotland has made significant evolution to meet the environmental challenges of sustainable development. Scotland has also achieved reached a lot in the last six years and over the next five years it will have to deal with remaining challenges if its to play an important role in the global and European Union’s commitments...
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...IFRIC 6 IFRIC Interpretation 6 Liabilities arising from Participating in a Specific Market—Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment IFRIC 6 Liabilities arising from Participating in a Specific Market—Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment was developed by the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee and issued by the International Accounting Standards Board in September 2005. © IASCF A1027 IFRIC 6 CONTENTS paragraphs IFRIC INTERPRETATION 6 LIABILITIES ARISING FROM PARTICIPATING IN A SPECIFIC MARKET— WASTE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT REFERENCES BACKGROUND SCOPE ISSUE CONSENSUS EFFECTIVE DATE TRANSITION FOR THE ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENT BELOW, SEE PART B OF THIS EDITION BASIS FOR CONCLUSIONS 1–5 6–7 8 9 10 11 A1028 © IASCF IFRIC 6 IFRIC Interpretation 6 Liabilities arising from Participating in a Specific Market—Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (IFRIC 6) is set out in paragraphs 1–11. IFRIC 6 is accompanied by a Basis for Conclusions. The scope and authority of Interpretations are set out in paragraphs 2 and 7–17 of the Preface to International Financial Reporting Standards. © IASCF A1029 IFRIC 6 IFRIC Interpretation 6 Liabilities arising from Participating in a Specific Market— Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment References • • IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets Background ...
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...Historical Research on Waste Management Sean Depkin Jones International University Abstract Waste management is a necessary industry and has been traced back to 3000 B.C. It originally started off garbage dumps or landfills and has progressed to recycling facilities and incinerators that produce both heat and energy from the burned waste. It has been influenced by both motorized transportation and the advances in technology. The most influential person in the waste management industry in the U.S. has been Wayne Huizenga, who saw how to take smaller, independent companies and acquire them into the largest company in the industry. He was able to do that by using stock in his company to make the acquisitions instead of taking out loans from the banks. Waste management and corruption have always been associated with one another because of mafia ownership and even accounting debacles. It is a business that really did not take much to get into other than some capital and transportation. With the decline of available resources and the demand for fewer issues with hazardous waste, an advanced college degree has been necessary to get into management or in the design of the facilities and treatment of waste. Some countries such as Denmark have even advanced as far as to only use their landfills for about 6% of their waste, recycling and incinerating the rest (Buch-Andersen, 2005). Because of booming populations and economies, as well as the planet running out of room for...
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...The global impact of e-waste Addressing the challenge SECTOR Sectoral Activities Department SafeWork Programme on Safety and Health at Work and the Environment The global impact of e-waste: Addressing the challenge The global impact of e-waste: Addressing the challenge Karin Lundgren SafeWork and SECTOR International Labour Organization Geneva 2012 Copyright © International Labour Organization 2012 First published 2012 Publications of the International Labour Office enjoy copyright under Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. Nevertheless, short excerpts from them may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, application should be made to ILO Publications (Rights and Permissions), International Labour Office, CH-1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email: pubdroit@ilo.org. The International Labour Office welcomes such applications. Libraries, institutions and other users registered with reproduction rights organizations may make copies in accordance with the licences issued to them for this purpose. Visit www.ifrro.org to find the reproduction rights organization in your country. Lundgren, Karin The global impact of e-waste: addressing the challenge / Karin Lundgren; International Labour Office, Programme on Safety and Health at Work and the Environment (SafeWork), Sectoral Activities Department (SECTOR). – Geneva: ILO, 2012 ISBN 978-92-2-126897-0 (print) ISBN...
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...decisions. Two main institutions: 1 The committee of the region – local authorities 2..Economic and social committee Regulations have to be applied in the 28 member states. The enterprise Europe network * Networking based * More than 50 countries, 650 organizations, 4000 experts * Provides information and advice to local business on EU policies * Gives feedback to the EU institutions * Finds commercial and technological partners throughout the European Union * Provides support in innovation and internationalization Examples of questions: * What are the expected changes of the rules for my products in the next months? * How can I get my VAT back in another country? * What is the EU law for waste management? * How can I manage to enter the Polish Market? * … Monitoring the EU policies: why? * 80% of economic and social relevant policies come from the EU and are coordinated between member states. * 17 of them are sharing the same currency * EU decision making is important at all levels, from the EU to the regions and cities (more than 366 bns of euros will be invested in the Eu economy uo to 2020) * 70% of the EU policies have a direct impact on the regional development * 80% of our regional exportations go to the EU * 96% of our regional exportations enterprises do it in the EU Community rules are fully applicable in the member states to all legal entities Primacy: incase of conflict, the community...
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...Resource Management MGMT690 Individual Project Lawrence Laurine May 23. 2016 Resources are a major concern for all industry, because as everyone knows industry can’t run without them. The resources that are of concern for the furniture market are wood, metal, fabric for seats, materials for preparing the wood, and finishing the wood. Business in the past had to be concerned with location of resources and the cost to get those resources to the manufacturing facilities. In today’s global economy the different parts of the product can be manufactured where the resources are found; no longer do you have to ship raw materials to a location, so that they can be processed and converted into the product that is needed. Today you can outsource the requirements for a product and have one country make the metal parts for the furniture, another country can produce the wood pieces for the furniture; these pieces can then be shipped to another country that can assemble the products and the whole process including shipping the finished goods to market can be completed at a much less inexpensive cost than the same product made in the United States. This new global environment can now produce two byproducts that are win-win for the company by creating lower cost products and may open a market which did not exist previously. The desire for western style furniture at a market price that the local population can now afford, leads to a new revenue stream. A second outcome is an increased profit...
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...Models OPEMAN-559; No of Pages 8 Journal of Operations Management xxx (2007) xxx–xxx www.elsevier.com/locate/jom Sustainable supply chains: An introduction Jonathan D. Linton a,*, Robert Klassen b, Vaidyanathan Jayaraman c a Paul Desmarais Professor in the Management of Technological Enterprises, School of Management, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. K1N 6N5, Canada b Ivey School of Management, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Canada c Department of Management, School of Business, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA Abstract Consideration is given to the convergence of supply chains and sustainability. In doing so, the focus on environmental management and operations is moved from local optimization of environmental factors to consideration of the entire supply chain during the production, consumption, customer service and post-disposal disposition of products. This is a critical and timely topic that captures increasing concerns over sustainability, whether driven by current legislation, public interest, or competitive opportunity. As such, sustainable development is a rich area for academic research that is still in its infancy and has the potential to affect future government policy, current production operations, and identify new business models. This paper provides a background to better understand current trends in this multidisciplinary field that intersect with operations management, and the research opportunities and challenges it presents...
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...of Serbia in international organizations whose membership includes the willingness to establish these values. Their work has also focused on the activities that can contribute to a better understanding of the value and the system of the European Union and to facilitate Serbia's path towards full membership in the European Union. Following the process of Serbia's joining European Union, the Center for Democracy in September 2008, began with the realization of the project "Implementation of EU values, policies and standards in the local community." European values, policies and standards in the local community The project is designed in accordance with the current status of Serbia in the process of Euro-integration. The ratification of the Stabilization and Association Agreement Serbia has pledged to implement comprehensive reforms through harmonization of national legislation with the EU acquits. "Action Plan for the harmonization of the laws of the Republic of Serbia with the EU in 2007" provides for the first stage of harmonization, which implies changes and the adoption of 44 laws, which are mainly related to the field of food safety, environmental protection and consumer protection. The new laws provide for the adoption of European standards, which are largely different from the existing standards in Serbia. All these innovations will be necessary to implement at all levels, and their most direct impact will be seen at the local level by improving the quality of...
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