...How repression of the Tsar explained the weakness of his opponents? The repression of the Tsar can be seen to explain the weakness of his opponents and to show how easy it was for the Tsar to control his opponents both in political aspects and in everyday aspects of society. To understand this fully you need to look from the period of 1881-1914. Firstly we can look at the repression form of Russification. This was a policy that ensured that the language of Russian was spoken throughout all of Russia and was enforced onto all ethnicities and people of Russia. This would be sure to repress all the cultural differences between people and help to give the Tsar more control over the vast population of Russia. This reform was introduced by Alexander II but reached new heights under Alexander III. This policy ensure that all legal documents were to be written in Russian, and all other languages were forbidden from schools meaning that this plan would affect the future of the Russian population ensuring the children would all talk the chosen language. This policy also led to attacks on the Russian Jews which suffered greatly under Alexander III, many attacks were organised and supported by the government which involved beating, robbing, raping and even killing Jews, and eventually this led to many Jews fleeing Russia for new lives. This policy showed the weakness of the Tsars opponents as he could simply affect the people in their everyday lives and affect the future of the population...
Words: 1458 - Pages: 6
...To what extent does the impact of the First World War explain the outbreak of two revolutions in Russia in 1917? To an extent, the First World War contributed greatly in the outcome of two revolutions in Russia. This is a result of the war worsening already evident issues in Russia such social, economic and political factors as well as losing support from the peasants and army. It can also be argued that revolution was inevitable as social, economic and political factors throughout the years were bound to end in revolution; the war was just the tipping point. Nonetheless, all these factors link back to a single factor: The weakness of the government. If the government had been stronger, the peasants wouldn’t need to, or be able to, revolt. Primarily, the First World War was arguably a large factor in the outbreak of two revolutions as it lost large amounts of support from Russian civilians. It made already crucial factors worse as the Russian peasants and working class which made up 80% of the population worked longer and harder and yet struggled to find food due to transport being taken over by the military and little food entered the cities, as well as high inflation on food available. This led to large amounts of hostility towards the Russian government and losing large amounts of support. Nonetheless, it can be argued that Russia had experienced many failures before, such as the 1914 Russo-Japanese war; therefore, bad leadership or war failure was not significant enough...
Words: 956 - Pages: 4
...army was incredibly stronger than the whites. The red army knew what they were fighting for whereas the whites really didn’t have any idea of what their ambition was. The Bolsheviks also had the central lines, which enabled them to travel all around the country guaranteeing that the red army troops could get all the necessities that they needed. Finally, war communism was also a contributor to why the Bolsheviks were able to remain in power. Although it kept the troops fed and healthy, it had devastating effects on the rest of the public who weren’t soldiers. This caused havoc in Russia, but was unfortunately vital during the Civil War. Lenin and Trotsky were responsible for everything that the Bolsheviks were linked to; Lenin was more based in the organisation and policies of the party. Lenin created and put the War Communism in order, which caused disruption and huge complications in Russia. This caused anger between the peasants, working class and the Bolsheviks. Lenin also solved his own problem, by creating the New Economic Policy. The new economic policy again, created and solved lots of Russia’s problems. Trotsky was more in charge of the military side of the Bolsheviks. He controlled the Red Army and what they did, he was very effective in his leadership of the Red Army because he was a brilliant speaker. A good example of his control was that he stomped out the Krondsadt Uprising of 1921. Their leadership was strong, and together made a perfect match; they...
Words: 662 - Pages: 3
...To an extent it is valid to say that Lenin's skill and determination as leader of the Bolsheviks was the main reason for the overthrow of the Provisional government. Although, there are significant other factors that contributed to the downfall of the government, such as the weakness the government it in itself possessed, the misjudgment and mistakes it made, and other contributing factors, such as the influential role of Trotsky, which helped impact on the eventual overthrow of the government. Evidence suggests that one of the main reasons for the fall of the Provisional government, was the weaknesses it in itself possessed. For example, the dual authority government can be seen as a weakness because it was not an elected body, and came into being as a rebellious committee of the old duma, refusing to disband at the Tsar's order. This meant it consequently lacked legitimate authority as a result. It had no constitutional claim upon the loyalty of Russian people and no natural fund of good will to rely on, meaning it was judged entirely on how it dealt with the nations problems, making it vulnerable from the start. Its second major weakness was that its authority was limited by its unofficial partnership with the Petrograd Soviet. To begin with there was considerable co-operation between the two, with some people (e.g.- Kerensky) being members of both bodies. The soviet did not set out to be an alternative government, and regarded its role as supervisory, checking that the...
Words: 2202 - Pages: 9
...Essay – Reasons for the 1905 revolution in Russia In this essay I will assess the reasons I think are to blame for the 1905 revolution in Russia. I will look into; the Russo-Japanese war and how it was disastrous for Russia, Russification and the oppression of minorities, Pogrom (Jews) and how they were treated in 1905 Russia, Bloody Sunday and why it bought peoples opinion of the Tsar to an all time low, the living and working conditions for the people of Russia at the time, the Potemkin Mutiny and its rebellious crew and Russia being so backward compared to many other European countries. Firstly, the Russo-Japanese war was a huge factor on the 1905 revolution, this is because Russia went into the war expecting for it to be easy win they believed Japan was an inferior nation, much smaller in size and only holding a fraction of population that Russia had. It was close and easy to attack, being right next to Russia did not have to travel far to battle. Russia also thought the Japanese army wasn’t very well equip therefore they would not be able to fight back with any force. Russia went into war with Japan to obtain an ice free port for better trade, to expand its empire and show the Far East it had power but mostly to distract attention from the domestic troubles it was currently facing. Russia believed winning this war would bring composure to a country facing problems. The war did not go the way Russia had planned it to; they were eaten for breakfast by the Japanese. I think...
Words: 512 - Pages: 3
...bargaining power of suppliers * As some producers such as Ice-Fili wanted to keep their product’s quality level, they imported specific raw materials, but they didn’t have a problem in finding new suppliers. * As the technology of Russia was lagged behind Western’s, Ice cream producers needed to import most of their ice cream machines. The bargaining power of suppliers for raw materials is low, while for facilities is high. 2) The bargaining power of customers * There are various ice creams in Russia, so customers have many choices and low loyalty to a certain kind of ice cream. * Ice cream is really appreciated in Russia, customers eat it even in Winter. The bargaining power of customers is moderate. 3) Threat of potential entrants * Barriers to entry are low, profit can be easily made (as ingredient’s cost can be moderate), facilities can be use for other items, and economies of scale can be made (as the unit cost decreases when the total production rises). * Moreover, a new producer can easily find a distribution channel, because multiple companies are willing to sell ice cream, it isn’t a monopolistic market. Threat of potential entrants is high. 4) Threat of potential substitutes * In Russia, Ice Cream is considerate as an easy and inexpensive snack. Plenty of other inexpensive “on-the-go” snacks are also available, like candies, chips or chocolates. Threat of potential substitutes is moderate. 5) Rivalry among existing...
Words: 1224 - Pages: 5
...According to a report in Kommersant-Ukraine, the finance ministry of Washington’s stooges in Kiev who are pretending to be a government has prepared an economic austerity plan that will cut Ukrainian pensions from $160 to $80 so that Western bankers who lent money to Ukraine can be repaid at the expense of Ukraine’s poor. It is Greece all over again. VOLTAIRE NETWORK | 7 MARCH 2014 PORTUGUÊS 日本語 This supporter of the Ukraine joining the EU has received her reward: a 50% cut in her pension. Before anything approaching stability and legitimacy has been obtained for the puppet government put in power by the Washington orchestrated coup against the legitimate, elected Ukraine government, the Western looters are already at work. Naive protesters who believed the propaganda that EU membership offered a better life are due to lose half of their pension by April. But this is only the beginning. The corrupt Western media describes loans as “aid.” However, the 11 billion euros that the EU is offering Kiev is not aid. It is a loan. Moreover, it comes with many strings, including Kiev’s acceptance of an IMF austerity plan. Remember now, gullible Ukrainians participated in the protests that were used to overthrow their elected government, because they believed the lies told to them by Washington-financed NGOs that once they joined the EU they would have streets paved with gold. Instead they are getting cuts in their pensions and an IMF austerity plan. The austerity plan...
Words: 918 - Pages: 4
...The ‘R’ in BRICs: is Russia an emerging power? S. NEIL MACFARLANE * The notion of emerging powers presupposes a number of characteristics shared by the states in question.1 These include regional preponderance, aspiration to a global role, and the contesting of US hegemony. These characteristics arguably make the group as a whole a useful category in analysis and policy formulation. In particular, cooperation among these states, and possibly with more established powers seemingly equally unhappy with the unipolar configuration of international politics (e.g. France), may create a basis for a coalition having the potential to balance American power.2 There is ample evidence from all of the emerging powers of unhappiness with the existing structure of international politics. There has also been substantial consideration of the potential for cooperation among them and with certain European states to constrain the hegemon—from the suggestion of entente between France, Germany and Russia to the repeated examination of prospects for a SinoRussian–Indian triangle, and the growing Chinese and Russian interest in bilateral cooperation over shared security concerns.3 This article assesses the role of Russia as an ‘emerging power’. How do Russians interpret the international system in which they operate? What kind of system would they prefer? What are they trying to do in the current system and why? How do these considerations affect their relations with the hegemon, with other centres...
Words: 8446 - Pages: 34
...They say that it displayed the weakness of the Qing dynasty and later on encouraged many new ideas, theories and encouraged China to reform. On the other hand, the negatives out-weigh the positives. Many wars were waged on China, resulting in unfair treaties being made, there were many revolts and rebellious attempts and there was a high rate of unemployment, poverty, death and many other devastating effects that harmed China and its population throughout the 19th century. In my opinion, the 19th century was a negative outcome for China because although new ideas, theories and technology were being introduced, these would not have been obtained with the unfair treaties looming over China, exposing China’s weakness. Also, as a result of these new ideas and theories, many Chinese began to question their beliefs and way of life, known to them for so long, causing many rebellious attempts and civil wars rising, that effected not only the government but the population as well. Similarly, because of...
Words: 1315 - Pages: 6
...Reasons of 1917 Revolution In 1917 Russia had a new style of government. People rebelled and they took control. This event had lots of reasons but three main reasons were more important than others. These main reasons were Russia-Japan war, weakness of Romanov government and bad economy of Russia. People had very hard days so they wanted to change their government (Wade 26). My statement is people learned in communism all people are equal so they should fight to be equal and free. Peasants and workers worked under the nobles. They were like slaves because they worked with very bad conditions and they ate very less food. Therefore workers and peasants wanted to change this situation. But they didn’t know how they can change it. After, they started to learn new things. For example, Karl Marx had some important speeches like The Communist Manifesto. He said that: “The workers have nothing to lose but their chains. Workers of the world, unite!”(Clare 1). Really workers had nothing to lose, but if they can gain their freedom and rights, it means zero loses but some very important things gained. Also it will be beginning of gain lots of things and for equal government. But it was not enough reason for revolution. People’s bad condition plus three main reasons started revolution. The first main reason was Russia-Japan war; this war affected very badly to Russia. Russia wanted show her power and she thought if Russia won this war it can be threat for revolutionaries...
Words: 622 - Pages: 3
...The Provisional Government was reluctant to act effectively of the problems of Russia in 1917, allowing the growing popularity and strength of the Bolsheviks as they played on these mistakes. With the Bolshevik under the leadership of Lenin, they managed to create the October Revolution. Figures like Leon Trotsky and the weaknesses of Kerensky were both significant factors that led to the Bolshevik Revolution. Lenin’s role in the revolution was vital but he would have not taken power were it not for the failures of the Provisional Government, which was the most crucial factor that caused the revolution and led the Bolsheviks to power. Word count: 104 One of the key element to the success of the Bolshevik revolution was Lenin’s orating and leadership skills, personality and his determination to take power. Lenin’s April theses where he spoke of ‘Peace, Bread and Land’ increased the popularity of the Bolshevik as it reached out to the peasants who made up most of the population. The April theses was effective because it highlighted the feelings and aspiration of the workers and soldiers. The Bolsheviks pacifist stance from the very start of the war and Lenins’ promise of ‘peace’ proved a popular idea and this gained them thousands of followers. With inflation causing prices, of the food that was available, to increase Lenin’s offer of food was an immense attraction. Lenin realised the importance of the peasants for support so he promised them land to get their support. The April...
Words: 2082 - Pages: 9
...CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT STRATEGY (A TEACHING CASE STUDY) Tamilla Curtis Nova Southeastern University 317 Aleatha Drive, Daytona Beach, FL 32114 Donald Barrere Nova Southeastern University 1900 Pelican Landing Blvd, #1023, Clearwater, FL 33762 Tom Griffin Nova Southeastern University 2900 NE 30th St. Unit 8G, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33306 MASHKIN GROUP Mashkin Group Inc. (Mashkin), a wholly owned subsidiary of Amir Inc., a British financial conglomerate, is a medium-size, asset-management group based in the US. Mashkin consists of three primary divisions: a mutual fund company with $10 billion in assets; a separate, but closely affiliated asset management company with $15 billion in assets; and a financial services company. Since the early 1990s, these three enterprises have shared the same client database and other software programs. The first program utilized, an inexpensive, off-the-shelf system with limited capabilities, was used by the sales department of both the mutual fund company and the asset management company primarily to store names, telephone numbers, and notes of salespeople. A second program was used by the IT department to update the database as new clients arrived and record daily sales data. A third program was installed at all internal and external salespersons’ workstations and laptops to provide current data to the sales force. In addition, the Client Service Call Center used a separate designed-in-house program to track incoming call activity...
Words: 3209 - Pages: 13
...The concept state has been explained or received numerous definitions based on the understanding of some political scholars as well as the definition giving to it by any other academic discipline base on how they understand it. Their definitions seek to distinguish the concept state from nation and how it elaborate on its similarities and differences. According to Max Weber, a state is the organisation that maintains a monopoly of violence over a territory. Also, Dr. Bossman defines the state as a clearly defined area with its own government that exercises authority over its population. Moreover Patrick O’Neil, explains a state as an institution that seek to yield the majority of force within a territory, establishing order and deterring challenges from inside and out. Generally, a state may be defined as a geographically well-defined area with a boundary, territory and a government with power to exercise authority over its members called citizens. On the other hand, the word nation is defined from the Latin word natus which means birth. The word nation can also mean a group that a person is born into and have linkage [ethnos] or ethnicity. According to Thomas Magstadt and Peter Scihotten, the term nation refers to people who share a common value including any or all of following; geographical location, history, racial and ethnic characteristics, religion, language, culture and beliefs and common political ideas. According to Ernest Baker, a nation is a body...
Words: 2962 - Pages: 12
...The Bloodless Battlefield: Cyber-War Vernon Pratt HSM 438 18 July, 2014 Professor Stephanie Lemmon Digital battle is not only what is found on computer games, it is an all to real and costly form of combat in which the combatants and defenders alike do not suffer physical wounds but the effects of these cyber-battles can be just as deadly as any bullet fired from a gun or bomb dropped from an aircraft. Within this paper three separate cyber-warfare events are reviewed, each event is different from the other only in terms of the consequences, only the consequences were different. What is “Cyber-Warfare”? One definition of cyber-warfare is, “cyberattacks are so inexpensive and easy to mount, with few fingerprints, they will almost certainly remain a feature of modern warfare.” (Markoff, 2008). Digital battles waged within the digital world of computer systems and the world-wide-web (internet). Cheap, “It costs about 4 cents per machine,” (Markoff, 2008), so cheap that the cost of one armored tank tread (one piece of the entire treack) could finance an entire cyber-war (Markoff, 2008). The first cyber-warfare event, Estonia 2007: Following the fall/collapse of the Soviet Empire in 1990 formerly USSR controlled nation states returned to autonomous control; Estonia was one of these countries. Being released from Soviet control did not mean that the civilian population wanted to be free from the Russian government and tensions existed between pro-Estonian and pro-Russian...
Words: 1633 - Pages: 7
...STRENGTHS Size Product diversity Total market coverage An American company International sales Generally increasing sales revenue since 1991 Brand recognition Brand loyalty Reduction in debt since 1991 Introduction of new tire lines The Blimp P/E ratio The world’s No. 1 tire manufacturer Patents: 2,903 Trademarks: 5 WEAKNESSES Size Declining stock price Internet sales Dealer contracts that my be inhibiting Internet sales Layoffs Sales declines in Europe, Asia, Latin America OPPORTUNITIES New international markets: China, India, Russia New international markets: Internet sales R&D expenditures\innovations THREATS Competition: Internet sales Wholesale club stores (tire sales) Bridgestone Cooper Continental Michelin Pep Boys (auto service stores) Midas (auto service stores) Auto Zone (auto service stores) Independents OVERVIEW OF STRENGTHS Size still matters and Goodyear has size. Its 1999 sales were $12,881,000,000 representing a one-year sales growth of 2%. Its net income was $241,000,000, a lot of money but a decrease of 64.7% from one year earlier. Despite that drop in net income, Goodyear paid a $.30 dividend. Its net income also beat Wall Street’s expectations. It has become the world leader in tire sales as a result of its alliance with Japan’s Sumitomo Rubber Industries. Goodyear ranks No. 130 in Fortune Magazine’s 500 list of large companies. Its product diversity includes the manufacture and sale of tires, industrial and consumer products from rubber including belts, hoses...
Words: 1401 - Pages: 6
