...Future of Nursing Theory Discussion NUR 403 October 26, 2014 Introduction The discussion of the future of nursing theory addresses many different directions of nursing. We as nurses have different views, interests, and concerns about the future of nursing. In this paper, we will discuss the following; what has driven nursing theory development, what will drive future development in nursing theory, and how might nursing practice change as a result of evolving nursing theory? What Has Driven Nursing Theory Development? Nursing theories provide a framework for nursing care. The development of nursing theories is the fundamental step in building nursing knowledge, providing care, and nursing research. According to Jennings (1987) "Theory development is at the crux of nursing's evolution into a scientific discipline. It gives definition to nursing's body of knowledge, and direction to research and practice and it gives science direction and continuity" (p. 63). Florence Nightingale believed in promoting health and preventing illness. "Nightingale provides the profession with the expectation that nursing will be practiced by educated individuals using current research and methods (science) as well as compassion and common logic (art)" (Selanders, 2010, p. 83). What Will Drive Future Development in Nursing Theory? Nursing is a profession where change happens continuously, requiring us to keep current with medical advances, and find ways to improve patient care. Nursing theory...
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...Discussing the future of nursing theory can bring up a wide outlook of the direction of nursing. Everyone has different views and interests concerning nursing’s future. In this discussion, we will cover some of the opinions of what has driven nursing theory development, what will drive future development in nursing theory, and how might nursing practice change as a result of evolving nursing theory. According to "Nursing Theory" (2011), “The nursing profession has evolved greatly over time, moving from dependence upon total medical direction providing basic care into an independent practice modality with its own nursing theory practice, nursing models, and distinct nursing interventions” (Nursing Theory).The requirements of nursing education have grown greatly. Nurses used to only take care of basic ADL’s of patients. Today, many nurses have more knowledge than the physicians working with these nurses. It is only logical that nurses have their own set of theories and models that guide their nursing practice. Nursing theories increase the general knowledge within nursing through research implementation. Theories provide the basis for nursing practice, helps to generate future knowledge, and indicates in which direction nursing should develop. Nursing theories are an attempt by the nursing profession to continue within the professional boundaries of nursing (Nursing Theory, 2011). Nursing theory has also been driven by the advanced educations available to nurses. Advanced education...
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...Ernestine Wiedenbach Ernestine Wiedenbach was a pioneer in nursing theory and nursing philosophy. She was an author, nurse-midwife, and teacher. Clinically she specialized in nurse midwifery and it was at Yale teaching that her nursing theories were developed. Wiedenbach was recognized for her work in writing the first maternity nursing text book that focused on family-centered care. (Barger, Faucher, & Murphy, 2015). Her theories were influenced by Ida Orlando, Patricia James and William Dickoff who were all colleagues at Yale. Wiedenbach was passionate about nursing and she longed for further knowledge. Wiedenbach asked questions like what do nurses do and why they do it? (Wylie, 2010) It was from questions like this her theory was developed. Wiedenbach’s theory is based on identifying a patient’s need-for-help through nursing interaction. Wiedenbach (1963) defines her theory as follows, “Nursing is a helping art - a deliberate blending of thoughts, feelings, and overt actions. It is practiced in relation to an individual who is in need of help, is rooted in an explicit philosophy, and is directed towards fulfillment of a specific purpose” (p. 54). Wiedenbach believed there were four components to clinical nursing: philosophy, purpose, practice, and art. Wiedenbach felt that the each individual nurse is responsible for identifying their own philosophy based on their own values and life experience. Purpose is the goal the nurse hopes to achieve through the...
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...Benefits of a Baccalaureate Education in Nursing Benefits of a Baccalaureate Education in Nursing Nurses that complete nursing school at a baccalaureate degree level will be more prepared and have higher competency levels than nurses graduating from an ADN program. Grand Canyon University follows the guidelines from the American Association of College of Nursing (AACN) for the curriculum regarding the nursing education, including the RN-BSN program. (Grand Canyon University College of Nursing Philosophy, 2011) The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) fact sheet (Creating a More Highly Qualified Nursing Workforce, October 2012) talks about how baccalaureate nurses have more positive outcomes than an associate degree nurse. This refers to not only lower mortality rates but other factors such as medication errors. This shows that a BSN thinks outside of the box and treats the patient as a whole The focus of a patient, while hospitalized, is that they just want to get better. They want to know who brings their medication and who makes their bed. They don’t get to see the educational background of each nurse that cares for them. To them a nurse is a nurse. What the focus of a baccalaureate nurse caring for them is to treat the patient as a whole, not just the person who gives medications. Associate degree programs have been around since 1952. The ADN focus is concerned with the technical aspects of nursing. The focus is meeting the needs of the person through...
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...What has driven nursing theory development? Nurses have always been seen as the providers of bedside care and those that follow through with physician’s orders. To me what drove theory development was the nurse’s desire to become independent and practice with models and beliefs specific to nursing as a profession while providing holistic care to the patient to encompass not only their physical illness but by providing care that incorporates their spiritual, emotional and environmental needs and to improve the outcomes for their patients. By exploring these ideas of providing a holistic care approach the nurse realized she could have the freedom to critically examine old ways of performing nursing tasks and duties and explore the new ways of providing care to the patients. By performing studies and research a nurse would be able to provide evidenced based care to improve the outcomes for her patients in all aspects of their lives not just their current illness or health problem. Applying these concepts the nurse could “examine his or her current frame of reference for practice in light of the challenge to adopt or change a conceptual model or theory. As the nurse begins to learn the content of the new conceptual model or theory, he or she begins to appreciate the discrepancy between the current way of practice and what nursing practice could be” (Alligood, 2010, p.501). “While some of the more physical and mechanical aspects of nursing are being delegated to individuals with less...
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... * Historical Development of Nursing Science Timeline Paper * Stacey Simmons * NUR/513 * February 3, 2014 Rebecca Gesler Historical Development of Nursing Science Timeline Paper The historical development of nursing science began with Florence Nightingale’s influential Notes on Nursing. The science of nursing has grown and developed into an academically sound and proven study of nursing care. In the 150 years following Florence Nightingale’s innovative approach to nursing care, many influential nursing theorists have emerged. This paper will discuss the Florence Nightingale, the pioneer theorists from the 1950’s, the transitional theorists from the 1960’s, and the research theorists from the 1990’s. The Historical Development of Nursing Science and Theory Nursing science and theory began with Florence Nightengale’s Notes on Nursing. Florence Nightingale is remembered for building the foundations of modern nursing establishing nursing as a profession. “Her book, Notes on Nursing (Nightingale 1859) first published in 1859, was the first nursing text book. She wrote the first modern nursing curriculum for St Thomas's Hospital, London when she instituted nurse education there in 1860 and followed these with a number of other books, reports and pamphlets. (Stanley, D., 2007). However, it would be decades before her insights, observations and educational model would be acknowledged as the first nursing theory. In the 1950’s...
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...Vision for the future of nursing Currently, health care in the US has been made accessible and affordable to everyone, as evidenced by the increase in the number of patients in the health care system. The nursing profession is already facing numerous challenges to deliver good quality and safe patient care. Therefore, there is a need for growth in remodeling the nursing profession to meet the high demand of an aging population with more complex needs. The nurses have to quickly adapt to a new world of technology that is complex and sophisticated. The nurse, as the primary health care provider, has the power to provide a consistent environment to the patient. In order to direct the nursing profession forward, professional nursing organizations will have to address the following: expanded role of nurses, the use of evidence- based practice, the value of the nurse’s role in research, and the changing trends in health care. Evidence-based practice and trends in health care and the future of nursing “Evidence for nursing practice comes from research and other sources. Evidence-based practice requires an understanding of how research findings and other evidence inform and guide practice” (Fawcett & Garity, 2009, p. 3). Evidence-based practice (EBP) is developed to help in the delivery of a higher quality of care and the best outcome for patient’s health. In the past, nurses have been performing in their field based on established practices and experiences. Early efforts...
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...Care Theory Compare and Contrast Paper Jean Watson’s Theory of human caring is based on transpersonal relationships and developing a caring environment that offers the development potential while allowing the person to choose the best course of action. Through interactions with others we learn how to recognize ourselves in others. Watson believes that through these interactions humanity is preserved. John Paley’s article A Slave Morality: Nietzchean themes in nursing ethics criticizes Watson’s theory that caring is central to nursing. The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast John Paley’s article to Jean Watson’s Commentary on Shattle M (2004) Nurse-patient interaction: A review of the literature. A discussion of Watson’s background and care theory; John Paley’s background, and a brief discussion Friedich Nietzschen’s major philosophical beliefs. Jean Watson’s background Jean Watson was born in West Virginia in 1940. She graduated from the University of Colorado where she earned her BSN, MS, and in 1973 her PhD. Dr. Watson is widely published and has received many awards and honors. She is a distinguished professor of nursing and endowed chair in Caring Health Science. She is also a fellow at the American Academy of nursing. Watson’s research specialized in loss and human caring. She developed the Theory of Transpersonal Caring, which is also referred to as The Caring Model in the late 1970’s. Her theory evolved over many years, but the principles have remained...
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...knowledge, theory and research with a broader picture of the nursing field. Each program prepares a person to acquire the skills necessary for bedside nursing. Our healthcare system is changing everyday, the higher a level of education a nurse can posses will meet the demands necessary to fulfill the needs of the patients along with the evolving changes (Institute of Medicine, 2010). With each degree brings different levels of competencies. As defined in the Mosby’s Dictionary of Complementary and Alternative Medicine “ competence is the state or condition of being sufficiently qualified to perform a particular action. To achieve this condition, one must possess the proper knowledge, skills, training, and professionalism” (2005). Having a bachelor degree in nursing provides you with a clearer understanding of the physical and social sciences, public and community health and nursing management. The program enhances the nurse and their professional development and allows the nurse to understand the cultural, political, economic and social issues that can affect a patient (“The Impact”, 2012), As opposed to an associates degree program. As stated on the American Association of Colleges of Nursing [AACN] Fact Sheet “ research has shown that lower mortality rates, fewer medication errors, and positive outcomes are all linked to nurses prepared at baccalaureate and graduate degree levels” (2012, para. 1). As a nurse is prepared at a baccalaureate degree level, she/he has a...
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...Nursing Theory: Compare/contrast two theories Name University Professor Course Date Nursing Theory: Compare/contrast two theoriesIntroduction Theory has so far remained a strategic tool in advanced nursing practice. Firstly, nursing utilizes every feature of management science. Fortunately, the knowledge base of each and every management science takes theory into account. Theory includes methods, principles, and concepts. The principles are usually related, and can be observed and validated or verified when translated into the practice of management. Likewise, concepts are general notions, thoughts, and ideas that tend to form a basis of discussion or action. Therefore, theoretical principles guide clinical nurses to various fundamental nursing concepts and provide productive line of action in a given situation. As a result, nurses should note that taking a hermeneutic or phenomenological approach (strict natural science approach) to nursing is not only naive but also misleading in real-life-settings. Alligood and Tomey, on the other hand, argues that prescriptive theories are often used as fundamental practice guidelines, which play a pivotal role in providing a wide range of practice situations in the nursing and nursing sector (2002). Apart from that, nursing can only become a real profession when it has both a theoretical and a scientific base. This follows the fact that nurses deal mainly with human behavior, thus, nursing is indeed a practice profession. Briefly...
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...University RUP1 A. Functional Differences State boards of Nursing (BRN) are state agencies with regulatory powers to enforce laws and establish licensure requirements. (McDaniel, 2014) Jurisdiction limitations pertains to pre-licensure nursing education, (Schultz, 2014) licensure exams and disciplinary action against nurses who violate the law. Nursing organizations and associations are dedicated to the practice of nursing and its many specialties. These organizations offer education opportunities for Certifications, practice resources and professional development. (AMSN, 2013) Nursing organizations have no regulatory power. B. Nursing Code Examples Two examples of the Nursing Code of Ethics influencing my daily practice would be provision seven and provision eight. Provision seven states, “The nurse participates in the advancement of the profession through contributions to practice, education, administration and knowledge development.” (“Code of Ethics,” 2001, p.12) My position as Core Measures Specialist charges me as reporter of Core Measures compliance and educator of staff and physicians. As a member of the Clinical Affairs team, I Present Core Measures education/updates to several monthly and quarterly committees. I also provide a monthly scorecard related to physician compliance with the measures. As well as a monthly performance improvement forum/workshop for nursing Core Measures education. I created the original power point presentation...
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...Running head: NURSING 1 What is Nursing? Shakira Rideout Keyano College NURSING 2 What is Nursing? In this paper I will identify the fundamental concepts of nursing. In addition, I will recognize how nursing is based on the principles of Primary Health Care (PHC). Further, how the history of nursing has formed nursing today and what it means to be a professional in nursing by incorporating the code of ethics. Fundamentals of Nursing Nursing is a profession that centers on the caring for individuals, as a client, as a family, as a group and as a community so they can achieve, maintain or recover optimal health and quality of life (Burger & Goddard, 2010). I believe that the nursing role is to educate clients by the protection and promotion of general health which is congruent to The American Nurses Association (2007) which defines nursing as; the protection, promotion and optimization of health, prevention of illness, lessening of suffering through diagnoses and treatment and advocating client care for individuals, families, groups and communities (American Nurses Association, 2007). The nursing profession utilizes a system that increases client knowledge about factors that can contribute to overall health and the resources that can increase wellbeing; this is called the Nursing Process. This process is a technique used to assess and diagnose needs, plan and implement interventions, and evaluate the outcomes...
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...such as health care reform, ethical dilemmas, and ideals regarding nursing as a profession. Those debating the issue are generally passionate about their stance on regarded topics. Some teeter or straddle the fence, while others have no opinion or just do not care. The view of nurses in the workforce has fueled discussions on how nursing is categorized in terms of perception: Is nursing an occupation or is it a profession? In the Oxford Dictionary (US) online (2014), the word profession is defined as “a paid occupation, especially one that involves prolonged training and formal qualifications.” A precise definition has been debated among scholars since the beginning of the 1900’s and was historically reserved for learned professions such as law, ministry, medicine and educators of higher learning (Williams, Onsman, & Brown, 2009). It is interesting to note, as society has changed, so has the term, profession, in its application. There are professions such as athletes or actors and actresses who have coined the term profession, which only serves to further distort the public’s perception and acceptance. This perceptual view varies across geographical, cultural and historical milieu. In an effort to understand nursing as a profession and where it may be in the future, one must return to its very beginning. Regardless of the blurred edges, the criteria of a profession have evolved from a learned work driven by altruism, to legislative action that established nurse registration...
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...Katharine Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort Kelly Ferreira Summer, 2004. In the early part of the 20th century, comfort was the central goal of nursing and medicine. Comfort was the nurse's first consideration. A "good nurse" made patients comfortable. In the early 1900's, textbooks emphasized the role of a health care provider in assuring emotional and physical comfort and in adjusting the patient's environment. For example, in 1926, Harmer advocated that nursing care be concerned with providing an atmosphere of comfort. In the 1980's, a modern inquiry of comfort began. Comfort activities were observed. Meanings of comfort were explored. Comfort was conceptualized as multidimensional (emotional, physical, spiritual). Nurses provided comfort through environmental interventions. It was in this decade that Kolcaba began to develop a theory of comfort when she was a graduate student at Case Western Reserve in Cleveland, Ohio. She is currently a nursing professor at the University of Akron in Ohio. Kolcaba's (1992) theory was based on the work of earlier nurse theorists, including Orlando (1961), Benner, Henderson, Nightingale, Watson (1979), and Henderson and Paterson. Other non-nursing influences on Kolcaba's work included Murray (1938). The theory was developed using induction (from practice and experience), deduction (through logic), and from retroaction concepts (concepts from other theories). The basis of Kolcaba's theory is a taxonomic structure...
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...Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing, Finding Our Core: The Therapeutic Relationship in 21st Century Advanced ORIGINAL 4 42 June © Blackwell 0031-5990 Publishing Perspectives in Psychiatric PPC 2006 Practice PMH2006 Malden, USAARTICLE Care Blackwell Publishing Inc Nursing: Finding Our Core Suzanne Perraud, RN, PhD, Kathleen R. Delaney, RN, DNSc, Linnea Carlson-Sabelli, PhD, APRN, BC, Mary E. Johnson, RN, PhD, Rebekah Shephard, MS, APRN, and Olimpia Paun, APRN, BC, PhD TOPIC. Increasingly, students from various professional backgrounds are enrolling in Psychiatric Mental Health (PMH) Nursing graduate programs, especially at the post-master’s level. Faculty must educate these students to provide increasingly complex care while socializing them as PMH advanced practitioners. PURPOSE. To present how one online program is addressing these issues by reasserting the centrality of the relationship and by assuring it has at least equal footing with the application of a burgeoning knowledge base of neurobiology of mental illness. SOURCES. Published literature from nursing and psychology. CONCLUSIONS. The PMH graduate faculty believes that they have developed strategies to meet this challenge and to help build a PMH workforce that will maintain the centrality of the relationship in PMH practice. Search terms: Nurse–patient relations, psychiatric nursing, empathy, therapeutic relationship, education, nursing, graduate Perspectives...
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