...1. Aya, R. 1990. Rethinking Revolutions and Collective Violence: Studies in Concept, Theory and Method. Amsterdam: Het Spinhuis. This book reviews concepts, theories and methods of analysis to address collective violence and revolutions. Chapter two discusses the meanings of the revolution according to its intentions, results and situations; The three criticizes the "volcanic model" or theories of "explosive eruptions of mass discontent"; And five analyzes two comparative studies: States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia and China, by Theda Skocpol (1979), and Reluctant Rebels by John Walton (1984). Finally, the book reviews the argument, the evidence and the conclusions of the work of two important theorists:...
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...A commonly asked question when talking U.S. history and the American Revolution is what exactly caused it? There have been many events between the times that America was founded to the time of the actual revolution. Some of these included the Townshend Acts, the Boston Massacre, and the Intolerable Acts. In addition to these events, there were groups of people who helped drive the start the Revolution. Two of these groups included the Patriots and the Loyalists. All these pieces of the puzzle contributed in different ways and should all be touched upon when discussing the famous American Revolution. The Townshend Acts, occurring on Nov. 20 1767, put taxes on things such as glass, paper, and even tea. After these developed, the colonists became really angered. This increased activity to try and avoid the tax. Some citizens even took to tar-and-feathering tax collectors.(TimeToast) The Townshend Acts happened in 1767, which were a few years apart from other major events such as the Stamp Act Congress and the Boston Massacre....
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...What exactly defines an industrial revolution? The industrial revolution that took started in England around the 1750’s and lasted until the 1870’s had a significant impact on the American colonies in several different ways. Even as the colonies were beginning to establish themselves across the ocean from England, they were sure to be affected by increases in the demand for more agricultural exports caused by the changes taking place in their parent country. This Industrial Revolution led to innovations in machinery, steam engines, “lathes for shaping wood, jennies and looms for spinning and weaving textiles, and hammers for forging iron” (A. 120). These advances led to increases in production of textiles and chinaware and other goods. A major downside was that as these machines increased productivity, the factories would make workers try and keep up with the machines thus making them work long hours in dangerous environments. Parliament then enacted a series of acts called the “Enclosure Acts”, which essentially forced any landowner to fence or “enclose” their grazing land at their own expense or be taken over by the government. This forced many poor farmers to have to work in these factories along with their wives and children in order to survive. The colonies at this point in time were able to export tobacco, rice and wheat to England to have it manufactured since they did not have many manufacturing capabilities themselves. They were essentially being supported solely by...
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...Imagine you brothers in arms falling around you, their blood vivid against their uniforms. You can’t help but feel the ache in your stomach, and your feet are freezing since your shoes have worn out ages ago. Even with fusillades around you; you continue to fight on. This was the American Revolution, caused by the abuses which then in turn caused the colonists to declare independence which lead to the revolution. Grievances leading the colonists to declare independence were the Stamp Act, the Townshend Act, and the Sugar Act. The British government put a tax on playing cards and newspapers, which lead the colonists to rebel. Stamps were used let officials know that you did indeed pay taxes on which you had bought. Playing cards were just one small item that the British government taxed, but there were loads more things taxed. Newspapers were another taxed item that fell under the Stamp Act. Newspapers were the main source of information for the colonists, and having it taxed affected them. The colonists boycotted the Stamp Act by burning the stamps in the road. Kidspast says, “Colonists were outraged and responded by boycotting all British goods. They also attacked officials… burned the stamps.” The Stamp Act were taxes on any printed document leading the colonists to rebel....
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...Throughout history there have been many revolutions, such as the French Revolution, that were caused by people rebelling against their governments. The French Revolution commenced after the Enlightenment became popular. The Enlightenment was a period in time where new ideas were spread and people started thinking differently about the world that they lived in. Enlightenment thinkers, like John Locke and Voltaire, begin inspiring the citizens of France to rebel against their government if they felt like their rights were being limited or they did not feel protected. The two reasons for the French Revolution were: the rebellion of the third estate and France’s horrible leaders. The French Revolution was caused because the third estate rebelled against their government. The third estate consisted of the bourgeoisie, traders, laborers, apprentices, servants, and poor peasants which made up about 97 percent of the population. The third estate rebelled against their government because they were not receiving fair rights. They had no say in their government; they had to pay half of their income for taxes and titles, and didn’t own as much land as they should have since they had the biggest population. Whereas...
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...The Industrial Revolution began in England during the 1700s and extent throughout the entire Europe. London one of the country’s largest site of industry, with half of million residents. London becomes one of the biggest city in Europe, ten times more populous than the British town. But another point of view, with huge populations moving to the cities. It made cities overcrowded, which create areas that inhabited by very poor people. With more demand in production, factories began to pop up. This created tremendous job opportunities for people and also provided the chance for new products and creation to be designed and produced. But it also creates negative impacts on working conditions like long working hours, lack of proper food, and death...
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...The American Revolution is a significant event in American history when the colonists in the thirteen colonies rebelled against Britain for their independence. It marked the beginning of a new country with a new government and constitution. However, the official date of when the move toward independence for Americans began is debated. The date that best describes the beginnings of American independence is 1765 because rebellions and boycotts protesting taxation by Britain, like the Stamp Act and Currency Act, fully began around that time. To begin, 1765 was the year that rebellions and resistance against Britain fully began and became apparent. In 1764, some of the first hated taxes were passed. The Sugar Act was passed, taxing sugar and products with sugar in them. Britain also passed the Currency Act that barred colonists from using their own issued money to pay taxes or debts. Then in 1765, the Stamp Act was passed, leading to the colonists calling for the taxes to be repealed because they did not have representation in Parliament or for their independence. The battle against Britain began at this point because when the Stamp Act was passed in 1765, official struggles against Britain began with the issuance of the Declaration or Rights and Grievances in...
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...The primary purpose is that it had been a very intense and oppressive dictatorship. Fulgencio Batista had been Cuba's innovator for most of time since arriving to energy in an army hen house in 1933. He remained a master until 1940 when he formally became a chosen chief executive. The selection was not a reasonable one, but Batista honored the idea of democracy when he was beaten in the 1944 selection, and quietly passed energy over to his competitors. He had partners to US companies (and is alleged to have had partners to organized criminal activity, just like in Godfather Aspect 2). In 1951 he joined the competition to become President again, but when a study revealed him in last position he organized a second hen house and seized energy again. After the 1952 hen house Batista experienced large community disapproval and municipal disobedience, along with a revolt cause by Fidel Castro which was mashed (don't fear, Castro becomes essential again later). The US had many linked with Cuba, which legalized betting in and create an effort to woo United states travel and leisure. Prostitution also became very typical. Cuba encounters large extensive hardship because Batista put all the nation's sources into offering vacations for the wealthy Individuals in america he did company with. He announced an election in 1954, but with himself as the only lawful applicant. Student demonstrations and road riots became very typical and Batista organized energy only with the aid of an army that...
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...The industrial revolution took place from the 18th to 19th century in which the countryside in America became modern and urban. Industrialization generated an array of manufactured goods and enriched basic living for certain folks. With this revolution came a flock of immigrants and the demographics shifted considerably and would aid these big tycoons. The industrial revolution was new and too many it was unknown with that being said no formal regulations were set for these new industries. These big businesses ran by wealthy tycoons took advantage of the working class Americans and the new faces that arrived in the states. Long...
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...To what extent was the French Revolution of 1789 a bourgeois revolution? The French Revolution was a revolutionary movement which signified the end of the ancien régime and the increase of the ‘bourgeois’ class. However, it is still a long debated topic of interest when it comes to the idea if the French revolution was a bourgeois revolution or did other events come into play. Throughout 1787 and 1789 ‘one step led to another through a series of moves and counter-moves that later proved to have been an escalation’ of problems already highlighted earlier on in the history of France. To begin with, we analysis the idea presented in the original question of to what extent was the French revolution of 1789 a bourgeois revolution. When it comes to the events that led to the French Revolution ‘the origins must therefore be sought not merely in the general conditions of Europe, but in the specific situation of France’. This was due to the ongoing conflict between the ‘vested interests of the old régime and the new rising social forces’ which were much more prominent in France. These new rising social forces are more than likely the bourgeois class so this clearly highlights the fact that the French revolution was indeed to with if not caused by the bourgeois. It has also be stated that the French revolution was purely down to an uprising which instated the ideology and literally actions which allowed the ‘middle class to assume power by overthrowing the political and social order...
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...The American Revolution A cause and effect essay The united States of America declares Independence ! “When the year seventeen seventy six began only few colonists could have predicted what could have happened in the very near future.” Page one hundred seventy paragraph two ,in our penance hall american book the author stated the information above. Most colonists still hopped for a peaceful quarrel with Britain. So let me ask you a question , What was the cause and effect of The American Revolution? Well the cause of the American Revolution is that, After King George had rejected the Olive Branch Petition ,Thousands of British troops were sent out into the colonies to fight. The effect is that, the american patriots declared Independence on Britain to stop the quarrel. The Americans thought that These United Colonies are free of right and ought to be free and independent states all political connection between them and the state of great Britain is and ought to be totally dissolved. The cause was The United States of America had sent King George the Olive branch...
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...If you led the American revolution, what would you do about the government you're trying to overthrow? America’s separation from Britain was not the best of ideas. America had no right to overthrow the government and may have lost more than they won. The new colonies lost a lot of men and a lot of money in their efforts to break away from Britain. Government protection from other aggressive countries was lost along with its financial benefits. A lot of today’s problems also existed when the revolutionary war was afoot; even things such as religion had an impact on this war. The British government refused freedoms in the colonies and forced taxes and requirements for them to purchase goods at excessive prices. In 1768 Britain stopped protecting...
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...My fellow citizens of France, I speak to you all as a common man, like most of France. There is an issue in France, but not only France, an issue within most of Europe. Though it is a problem, it can be changed, and if you support the Feuillants, together our faction and the people can fix it, and it can help the fight for our revolution. The issue at hand is a social system we call Feudalism. It has been a big influence to the division between classes, and though less important, it has been a slight encouragement for unnecessary violence. The Feuillant faction’s goal is to get this system abolished,but we can only do that with help from the people First off, I shall explain what Feudalism is. Our nobility holds royal land for the king in exchange for military services. Within that there are vassals and they are tenants for nobility. Peasants are allowed to live on their lord’s land , but have to give him homages, labor, and a share of their produce, in exchange for military protection....
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...People have started to get paid less to do more work. This angers the workers because they see this treatment as cruel and those forced to labour in these factories began to unionize. The unions formed and thrived with a united purpose: fixing the working conditions and getting enough money to support their families. They used small acts of violence to show the government how they were feeling. The small rebellions one of the main causes for the revolution. The third problem is the absence of nationalism. Russia was a multi-ethnic country and the peasants claim that the government prioritizes certain people and religions over others. This discrimination is being used to show some minorities that they aren't welcome and should leave Russia. Without nationalism people felt no reason to support their country as it was falling apart. The peasants felt that they deserved better and they gathered to officially rebel against the government. The people also saw the Russo-Japanese war as a huge problem. The Japanese were very strong and the Russians were losing many battles. These battles also put a strain on the economy to slowly fall...
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...The American Revolution is a controversial war that caused a chain reaction of revolutions because it was the first revolution of its kind. The American Revolution is believed to be a war that caused a worldly transformation. In reality, the American Revolution was not truly revolutionary. The war did not have any true revolutionary results until years after the war ended. After the American Revolution, America remained as it was before the Revolutionary War in the aspects of social, economic and political issues. The American Revolution was said to have caused equality for the new Americans, but who was truly considered to be an American (Document B)? Being an American was not a birth right, being an American was based off of economic status. Only white men that owned a significant amount of land could vote. In fact, all women, slaves, and poor white men were left without a political voice. Before the...
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