...manufacture their clothing? The immediate humanitarian response is “Of course!” But, deeper questions then have to be raised and considered; does a private company have purview over a manufacturing plant overseas to begin with? Would enhancing work conditions damage the profit margin of clothing produced there? How responsible is the company to stockholders? Consumers who buy their low-priced goods? If a plant is shut down on the name of worker welfare, what paying jobs are there to replace the ones lost? How do you balance profits against treating workers fairly and with safety? The capitalist says; profits are the bottom line, selling product at a competitive price, and no one is forcing the workers to work in plants. The opposing view is; why should foreign workers labor in sweatshop conditions so Americans can have cheap clothes and CEOs can cash big, fat paychecks? First, we must recognize that the purpose of business is to provide a good or service, and to make money while doing so. That is the nature of the beast; it always has been and I suspect always will be. The main variable in question what responsibility does the company have to the workers? While the workers are foreign, they are, in a de facto manner, working for (often) American companies, stock shares for American investors, and affordable clothing for American consumers. By the law of transitive properties, it appears to be clear that companies do have a responsibility toward the welfare of workers. There...
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...Like most people in the western world, renowned for his humanitarian work nowadays, Andrew Morgan, regularly shopped at fashion stores such as the Gap, Walmart, Target and H&M before making this documentary. But after the 2013 Bangladesh Rana Plaza collapse, he too began to pursue the truth. It is human nature to be inquisitive about the unknown; we naturally explore the unthinkable and chase the unfathomable. And it is this paradox of life which drove Andrew Morgan to produce this documentary. While later stressing in a conference that the making of The True Cost was simply a “story about clothing”, it transformed into something much, much more. While I’d admit that we shouldn’t blindly follow a documentaries series of events, surely we should be entitled to some leeway when it comes to perceiving the truth. Are bias documentaries always wrong? Morgan’s main argument is that the impact of pushing prices down in the clothing industry is forcing workers from poor countries to produce...
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...Business as Usual is Not an Option Supply Chains and Sourcing after Rana Plaza Sarah Labowitz and Dorothée Baumann-Pauly April 2014 About the Center for Business and Human Rights at New York University Stern School of Business “At NYU Stern, we develop people and ideas that transform the challenges of the 21st century into opportunities to create value for business and society. Our Center for Business and Human Rights is the embodiment of that mission. By creating a safe haven for open dialogue and convening relevant voices for discussion around practical solutions to some of the world’s most pressing problems, the Center, and by extension this report, demonstrate that profit and principle can co-exist. ” –Peter Henry, Dean NYU Stern School of Business Dean Henry launched the Center for Business and Human Rights in March 2013 with a strong belief in the power of business to create positive change in society. In that spirit, the Center’s mission is to challenge and empower businesses to make practical progress on human rights in their own operations. It is the first center to focus on human rights as an integral part of a business school. We start from the premise that business can and does work for the good of society. We support the goal of business to create value while emphasizing high standards for human rights performance. Each year, we take on a major project around a set of human rights challenges in a sector that is of foremost concern for companies, consumers...
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...History of Ready-made Garment (RMG) Sector in Bangladesh Now a days textile sector of Bangladesh retains it's top position in global market. This can't be gained overnights. Bangladesh can get it's present position by dint of merit and industry of people of Bangladesh. The base of textile sector was first established in 60th decade of the last century."mercury shirts"which is originated from Karachi started the rmg business first.the industry exported shirts to the European market in 1965-66 first. | | In 1977-78 only 9 exporting industries were available in this country which deal with 10 million used every year.there were 3 big industries available in that time.they were: 1. Riaz garments 2. Jewel garments 3. Paris garments. Of them, Riaz garments was the most well known and oldest industry in that time.In urdu road of Dhaka it started it's business with some tailoring shop first.In that time it was known as Riaz store.In 1973,it was named Riaz garments.In 1978,it started exporting products abroad.it exported 1 million pieces of shirts to the Olanda,a South Korean company. Another garments known as Desh Garments ,also treated as the pathfinder of textile sector in Bangladesh. In 1979 Desh Garments opened a joint venture project with south korean company "Daiyuu". At present RMG sector of Bangladesh deals with 22 billion USD every year.4 million people directly depend on the ups and downs of the sector.the 81% of the total export earnings are come from...
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...an analysis of the factors necessary to ensure their effectiveness, based on Bangladesh. Identifies and analyses the challenges presented by small enterprises in light of evidence from existing evaluation of regional representative schemes. Identifies and discusses supportive factors that might enhance representative participation in health and safety in small enterprises, including the role of regulation, and employer and trade union support. Considers the implications of the Health and Safety (Consultation of Employees) Regulations and concludes that in their present form they offer only very limited support for employee representation in health and safety in small enterprises. Keywords: [Click here to add keywords.] Table of Contents Why Safety is Important for organizational development in Bangladesh 8 Management’s Role in safety 9 1. Design safer systems of work: 9 2. Exhibit commitment: 9 3. Inspect the workplace: 10 4. Establish procedures and controls: 10 5. Develop training programs: 10 6. Set up health and safety committees: 10 7. Monitor policy: 10 8. Draw up action plan: 11 What Top Management Can Do? 11 The Supervisor’s Role in Safety 12 Occupational Safety Law in Bangladesh 12 Bangladesh Labour Law Act-2006 13 OSHA Standards & Record Keeping 14 OSHA Standards 14 OSHA Recordkeeping Procedures 15 Inspections &...
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...are women, who otherwise would be hard pressed to find wage labour. Looking into many scientific studies and popular discourses, it is an undeniable fact that the Bangladeshi women workers in the RMG industries in the era of globalisation are absolutely deprived of their labour rights, vividly manifested in the country’s labour law. It is equally significant that a large number of industrial reserve army entered in the formal labour force, who otherwise would have lived unemployed or underemployed. This is why one important debate among the policymakers, academics and the experts is whether the rural, migrant workers who enter the new manufacturing factories in ‘Majority World’ countries experience significant changes in their lives. From the economic point of view there is no doubt that now women workers are earning cash from a formal sector, which is undoubtedly new in their lives. It is because most women workers came from rural areas, and in those areas almost all of them did not have any formal employment. In terms of earning cash, the status of most workers is now better compared to their previous non-wage earner status. In addition, many women workers readily...
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...internationally | Got to the shop am check online for annual report and the website. | Why I chose this business | 2/10/13 | | Choice of BusinessSize | • Sales revenue over 3 latest years • Profit figures over latest 3 years • Cash flows • Capital invested • Production output • Number of employees – current will do • Number of outlets or locations – see National vs international • Value of the business (market capitalisation) • Market share | on the annual report and websites | Choice of buss contrast size | 2/10/13 | | Choice of BusinessOwnership | Type of ownership of each businessIf Sole trader or partnership – owners’ namesIf private limited, name ending with LTD & PLC if public limited – get current number of shareholders | Go to the shop for the local business and for the international I would check the annual report | | 2/10/13 | | Choice of BusinessNature | | Go to the local shop and ask them and for the international business I would go online | Why I chose this business | 2/10/13 | | Purpose & Activities | Goods & or services traded | Go to the local shop and I would ask them what activities they do and what is the purpose and for the international business i would check the annual report | Why I chose this business | 2/10/13 | | Aims & objectives | | Check online and would check the annual reports also I would go to the local business and would ask them | Why I chose this business | 2/10/13 | | Competition | Who their competitors...
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...Industrial Disputes Industrial disputes are conflicts, disorder or unrest arising between workers and employers on any ground. Such disputes finally result in strikes, lockouts and mass refusal of employees to work in the organization until the dispute is resolved. So it can be concluded that Industrial Disputes harm both parties employees and employers and are always against the interest of both employees and the employers. An industrial dispute is simply a disagreement between employers and workers. Industrial disputes are manifested in strikes (withdrawal from work by a group of employees) and lockouts (refusal by an employer or group of employers to permit some or all of their employees to work). These disputes are mostly represented by trade unions. It is a disagreement between workers and management over pay, working conditions, hours of work, etc., especially one that includes strikes (workers refusing to work). 1 Causes of Industrial Disputes The causes of industrial disputes can be broadly classified into two categories: economic and non-economic causes. The economic causes will include issues relating to compensation like wages, bonus, allowances, and conditions for work, working hours, leave and holidays without pay, unjust layoffs and retrenchments. The non-economic factors will include victimization of workers, ill treatment by staff members, sympathetic strikes, political factors, indiscipline etc. Wages and Allowances Since the cost of living index is increasing...
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...er.html) This article points out the benefits of older workers to the businesses they will work in. However older workers would struggle with manual labour jobs, so they couldn’t be employed to do this. The way these types of companies would work around having older workers is to find a physical fault with their performance so they can be fired. They have to do this because they are not allowed to fire someone just because they are old, this is due to the Equality Act which makes them unable to discriminate. Finding a medical reason such as poor sight or bone problems is how businesses work around this. If discrimination does take place against older workers then these workers will be less motivation and inclined to go to work so this is why discrimination in the work place should not happen, this can be negative for the business. (http://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/jun/11/ageing-uk-population-increase-strain-government-spending-obr-warns) This article shows supporting figures that the aging population will cause more strain for the economically active workers and the economy. Another result of the aging population is...
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...ACTIVITIES REPORT OF APTPMA HEAD OFFICE APTPMA Annual Report 2007-2008 1 SELECTED ACTIVITIES OF “APTPMA” HEAD OFFICE Dear Readers: We are giving hereunder brief excerpts of APTPMA activities for the year 2007-08 from APTPMA Head Office record for your kind perusal and ready reference: (ZAHIR IQBAL KHAWJA) Secretary APTPMA Head Office ******** ANNUAL ELECTIONS 2007-08 (Press Release Dated 01st January 2008): As per press release dated 01st January 2008, the Central Body elections of All Pakistan Textile Processing Mills Association (APTPMA) were announced by Mian Aftab Ahmed on behalf of Mian Shabbir Ahmed, Returning Officer for APTPMA Elections 200708. The elections were conducted as per directions and orders of the Director General Trade Organizations (DGTO) issued to all the Trade Bodies of Pakistan for the purpose. Following five (5) office-bearers were elected unopposed for the Central Body: Chairman: Mr. Muhammad Riaz Sheikh of M/s Riaz Fabrics, Lahore, Senior Vice Chairman: Mian Ajmal Farooq of M/s Noor Fatima Fabrics Faisalabad, Vice Chairman (Central) Faisalabad: Sheikh M.Amjad Javed of M/s Al-Hamra Textile Industries Faisalabad; Vice Chjairman (Central) Karachi: M.Altaf Shekhani of M/s Shekhani Industries Karachi; Vice Chairman (Central) Lahore/Gujranwala Region: Sheikh Ejaz Raza of M/s Rehman Dyeing, Gujranwala. Besides Central Body elections, the following Regional Chairmen, Regional Vice Chairmen and members Executive Committee were declared elected...
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...Foreword I do not claim to have read the manuscript Of Changes and Transformations: Bangladesh Bank [July 2009-June 2013] highlighting changes the central bank has gone through in the past four years, but certainly had a cursory look at it. The publication of the book is of great significance at a time when the present government has just completed its four years in office. I welcome this initiative by Bangladesh Bank. I would like to thank Governor Dr. Atiur Rahman and others concerned with the project. The effort put in by the editors and their team of script writers to enrich the volume is certainly praiseworthy. I am extremely delighted to have the opportunity to write few words upon the book. Here I would like to touch upon the key aspects of the revolutionary changes that I have witnessed in Bangladesh Bank during the past four years. Firstly, digitization has taken place rapidly in the central bank and the whole banking sector was quick to follow suit. Secondly, mobile banking has been introduced and expanded significantly. This process will come its fruition with the introduction of PayPal payment system. Thirdly, revolutionary changes have taken place in CSR. Fourthly, Bangladesh Bank has achieved commendable success in financial inclusion program. Bangladesh Bank's role in involving the mass people into financial activities is undeniable. Finally, the establishment of Currency Museum is a great initiative of Bangladesh Bank. I would now like to say a few words on the...
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...Learning with Cases INTRODUCTION The case study method of teaching used in management education is quite different from most of the methods of teaching used at the school and undergraduate course levels. Unlike traditional lecture-based teaching where student participation in the classroom is minimal, the case method is an active learning method, which requires participation and involvement from the student in the classroom. For students who have been exposed only to the traditional teaching methods, this calls for a major change in their approach to learning. This introduction is intended to provide students with some basic information about the case method, and guidelines about what they must do to gain the maximum benefit from the method. We begin by taking a brief look at what case studies are, and how they are used in the classroom. Then we discuss what the student needs to do to prepare for a class, and what she can expect during the case discussion. We also explain how student performance is evaluated in a case study based course. Finally, we describe the benefits a student of management can expect to gain through the use of the case method. WHAT IS A CASE STUDY? There is no universally accepted definition for a case study, and the case method means different things to different people. Consequently, all case studies are not structured similarly, and variations abound in terms of style, structure and approach. Case material ranges from small caselets (a few paragraphs...
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...STARS WITHOUT NUMBER For Eden, who gave me a reason. TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ..............................................................................................................5 Character Creation ....................................................................................................7 Psionics ...................................................................................................................25 Equipment ..............................................................................................................33 Systems ...................................................................................................................59 The History of Space ...............................................................................................71 Game Master’s Guide ..............................................................................................78 World Generation ...................................................................................................87 Factions .................................................................................................................113 Adventure Creation ...............................................................................................128 Alien Creation .......................................................................................................138 Xenobestiary ........................................................................
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...U N I T E D N AT I O N S C O N F E R E N C E O N T R A D E A N D D E V E L O P M E N T WORLD INVESTMENT REPORT 2013 GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS: INVESTMENT AND TRADE FOR DEVELOPMENT New York and Geneva, 2013 ii World Investment Report 2013: Global Value Chains: Investment and Trade for Development NOTE The Division on Investment and Enterprise of UNCTAD is a global centre of excellence, dealing with issues related to investment and enterprise development in the United Nations System. It builds on four decades of experience and international expertise in research and policy analysis, intergovernmental consensusbuilding, and provides technical assistance to over 150 countries. The terms country/economy as used in this Report also refer, as appropriate, to territories or areas; the designations employed and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. In addition, the designations of country groups are intended solely for statistical or analytical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage of development reached by a particular country or area in the development process. The major country groupings used in this Report follow the classification of the United Nations Statistical Office. These are:...
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...U N I T E D N AT I O N S C O N F E R E N C E O N T R A D E A N D D E V E L O P M E N T WORLD INVESTMENT REPORT 2013 GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS: INVESTMENT AND TRADE FOR DEVELOPMENT New York and Geneva, 2013 ii World Investment Report 2013: Global Value Chains: Investment and Trade for Development NOTE The Division on Investment and Enterprise of UNCTAD is a global centre of excellence, dealing with issues related to investment and enterprise development in the United Nations System. It builds on four decades of experience and international expertise in research and policy analysis, intergovernmental consensusbuilding, and provides technical assistance to over 150 countries. The terms country/economy as used in this Report also refer, as appropriate, to territories or areas; the designations employed and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. In addition, the designations of country groups are intended solely for statistical or analytical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage of development reached by a particular country or area in the development process. The major country groupings used in this Report follow the classification of the United Nations Statistical Office. These are:...
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