...onto display many popular key musical elements of the 19th century that are still very much alive in today’s modern music. Giuseppe Verdi utilizes several trends in music of the day to create the masterpiece that we still recognize today, despite the immense time gap. The piece is written about a woman whose mind constantly changes direction and leaves her admirers constantly pursuing in vain. Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901) was an Italian world class composer of operas during the height of the Romantic period. This piece is widely considered his most notable work, but considering all of his great operas still performed to this day, to place anything as his “most notable” would be an understatement. His career took off with Nabucco, which he wrote after the death of his children and wife, and was able to write masterpiece after masterpiece, even into his twilight years. Verdi died with twenty-eight operas on his resume, many of which are still performed today. Most of Verdi’s inspiration came from the works of Shakespeare, with the opera Macbeth as an example. Verdi also incorporated political messages into his operas, as Italy was leaving Austrian Hapsburg rule at the time. A chorus of Nabucco is still considered an Italian patriotic theme. The opera that this piece is from, Rigoletto, premiered in Venice in 1951, and is easily one of his greatest masterpieces. The opera is about a jester who has a curse placed on him by a man whose daughter was seduced by the Duke of the court with...
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...Tim Chang Music 261: Professor Kasunic The Blinding of a Rivalry Both Cuzzoni and Faustina were superstars of their era with many similar, yet contrasting characteristics. Francesca Cuzzoni was born on April 2, 1696 in Parma, Italy. She started her career at 18 in Italy and continued to strive from that point on in various parts of Europe. In 1722, the established composer, George Frideric Handel, recruited Cuzzoni to be the star of his Royal Academy of Music. She eventually joined Handel in England in 1723. Faustina Bordoni was born on March 30, 1697 in Venice, Italy. She, like Cuzzoni, made her debut in her hometown at the age of 19 and continued to flourish in this career. While Cuzzoni moved to London to work with Handel in 1723, Faustina continued to thrive in Italy. It was not until 1726 when Handel drew Faustina over to London to “rival” Cuzzoni in the Royal Academy of Music. Think of these two stars of Handel as the Britney and Christina of the 1720’s. The Academy is where most the media about their rivalry is expressed. Scholars such as Isabelle Emerson, Winton Dean, Steven LaRue and Suzanne Aspden have various viewpoints on Handel’s contribution to this rivalry. Emerson, writing in 2005 in her research of Five Centuries of Women Singers, argues that Cuzzoni and Faustina, though rivals, relied on each other for success. Emerson writes that, “rivalry aside, the two artists must have complemented each other remarkable well as singers. Contemporary...
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...George Frederic Handel His Life, His Times and His Music Table of Contents Handel’s Life Handel’s Times Handel’s Music What to listen for in Handel’s music Concerto Grosso in B flat major, Op.3, No.2 Organ Concerto in F major, “The Cuckoo and the Nightingale” Water Music Suite Music for the Royal Fireworks “Arrival of the Queen of Sheba” Messiah 2 6 10 14 14 14 14 15 15 16 www.ArtsAlive.ca 1 Handel’s Life Handel was born in Halle, Germany, on February 23, 1685. He showed interest in music, but was not encouraged to develop it. His father hated music, considering it a pastime that showed weakness of character. He wanted his son to have the financially secure career of a lawyer and therefore wouldn’t allow young Handel to play an instrument. Nevertheless, Handel managed to learn to play the organ and clavichord – a small instrument that resembles a piano. One story suggests that Handel’s sympathetic mother smuggled the clavichord to him in the attic. By covering the strings with cloth, Handel was able to practice every night without being heard by his father. Handel might never have been allowed to practice music openly if it hadn’t been for a duke who heard him play the organ. The duke persuaded Handel’s father to allow him to take music lessons. The young boy’s first music teacher was F.W. Zachau, the organist of the Lutheran Church in Halle. Handel, who was about eight years old, made quick progress under Zachau’s direction, learning the organ, harpsichord...
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...gave his first public performance at Salzburg University. Between 1763 and 1766, Mozart, Nannerl, his sister who was talented in music, together with their father who was a musician as well toured Europe. They visited Paris, London among several other places where Mozart gave several successful concerts, even performing before royalty. This research paper examines the crucial role Mozart played during The Enlightenment. It further highlights the contribution made by the Austrian composer in the transition to romantic from the Enlightenment. Before and during the time of Mozart, composers served the royal courts or church as highly-skilled servants. In the same manner, he began his carrier by working for Salzburg’s Archbishop. Notably, his travels to France as well as England gave him an exposure to the ideals of equality and independence as well. This exposure prompted him to sever his loyalty to the master who employed him to offer services in a very rigid manner. He left for Vienna where he found more freedom and engaged in public concerts and commissions for a living. In his time, salons often attracted friendly gatherings of philosophers as well as thinkers and Mozart occasionally took advantage of this and performed in such salons. Among Mozart’s 600 works are over 30 string quartets, 27 piano concertos, 41 symphonies, and sensational operas among others (Fisher, 15)....
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...Beijing Opera (Youtube Project) This project is centered on Beijing Opera also referred to as Peking Opera or as the Chinese call it Jingju. It’s a form of the traditional Chinese theater that combines dance, mime, acrobatics, music, and vocal performance. Beijing Opera developed in the late eighteenth century and became fully recognized throughout China by the mid-19th century. The form was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty court and has become one of the cultural treasures of China. Major performances are based in Beijing, Southern Shanghai, Northern Tianjin, and Taiwan. It has also spread to other countries such as the United States and Japan. Political influences have long played a part in the arts of China (World Music, 187). The Taiwanese took on the Opera and made it into their own. Naming it Guoju, which means national, or the in other words the National Opera. This reflects disputes over the true seat of Chinese government. After the Chinese Civil War ended, Beijing opera became the focal point of ethnic identity for the Mainland and Communist party. When the Communist Party of China came to power in the Mainland, the newly formed government moved to bring art into line with Communist ideology. Their goal was to make art and literature a component of the revolution. Dramatic works without Communist themes were considered subversive, and were ultimately banned during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976). Before Beijing opera evolved it was considered a religious...
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...Documentary “The Women Behind the Music” The Women Behind the music is a documentary on the life of Romantic Era virtuoso pianist, Frederic Chopin . This documentary starts off by giving us a little background info on Chopin himself. The narrator describes Chopin as a quiet and shy man. Chopin wrote over 250 compositions for the piano. The inspiration for Chopin’s music was not only the piano, but it was also the human voice, particularly the female’s voice. Chopin’s music was an inspiration of passion for both the players and the listener. All in all, this documentary celebrates the 200th anniversary of Chopin by following James Rhodes, a young pianist who set out to discover who put the song into Chopin. As the narrator introduces James Rhodes, Rhodes is playing Chopin’s 4th Ballade in F Minor OP.52. I really liked this Ballade; the melody is so sweet and the tempo is so soothing. Chopin’s genius was to create a whole new language for the piano, a language that was heavily influenced by his passion for opera singing. Chopin was obsessed with the Italian Opera of the Day , Belcanto, the opera of Rossini. Belcanto literally means “Beautiful Singing”. Chopin was born in 1810 and grew up in the city of Warsaw in a time where Poland was very peaceful. Chopin was taught by his mother to play the piano. By the age of 7, Chopin was already composing on the instrument. By the age of 8, Chopin was referred to in the press as a musical genius. Chopin started going to the operas at the young...
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...During the Middle Ages, women opportunity for music was decently available. In a sense, many women were in churches practicing their belief and faith for god. Through their prayers and time in the church, they spent some time creating and educating the young youths about sacred music. There were songs or melodies focusing on the greatness of god, how god is the savior, devil and his sins, etc.. However, many women were not recognized for their musical talent or songs due to the lack of prestige and class. As a result, there were very little known women composers or musicians during this era. But, during the 18th century, women musicians became more popular and were acknowledge since there were more opportunities for women to perform. Opera...
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...Mozart’s “Don Giovanni” Opera is a form of musical art in which singers and musicians perform a dramatic work combining text and music in a theatrical setting involving stories of extreme human situations or stories regarding mythology. One of the most interesting challenges in an operatic composition, is the challenge behind composing music for all the individual characters in the opera and the job the composer has of distinguishing between the different characters through their music. A perfect example of an opera that was executed in a great way amidst these challenges is Mozart's “Don Giovanni.” “Don Giovanni” is an operatic masterpiece full of iconic and mythical tensions that still resonate today. The work redefines the terms of power, seduction, and morality, and the resulting conflict between the aesthetic and the ethical is deeply rooted in the Enlightenment and romanticism. “Don Giovanni” is in opera divided into two acts about a young, arrogant womanizer named Don Giovanni. Don Giovanni is the main character of the opera who takes advantage of any opportunity he can in order to seduce a girl, any girl for that matter. When the opera begins, a masked, Don Giovanni is at the Commendatore’s house with his eye’s set a young girl named Donna Anna who is daughter of the Commendatore name Don Pedro and is betrothed to Don Ottavio. As Donna Anna is attempting to figure out who the masked figure is, she cries for help and her father comes to her aid and challenges Don...
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...Sir Charles Villiers Stanford was a successful composer of the nineteenth century. The Irish musician is known for many choral works including anthems, motets, and services as well as operas, chamber music, organ music, and piano music, with a similar sound to earlier composer Felix Mendelssohn. Stanford lived from 1852 to 1924 and is still well known today because of his compositions and especially in his sacred works. Sir Charles Villiers Stanford was born in Dublin, Ireland on September 30, 1852. His father, John Stanford was a Protestant lawyer and both he and his wife, Mary Stanford, were musicians. Stanford's father sang bass as well as played the cello, while his mother played piano. As a boy, Stanford studied classics at a private school in Dublin. His parents encouraged his musical abilities and at a young age, Stanford studied with many musicians. He learned to play violin under the instruction of R.M. Levy as well as played piano with many instructors including three students of Ignaz Moscheles. Stanford also studied composition and organ with Robert Stewart. At age seven, he played a concert for a selective audience, playing classical works by Mendelssohn, Bach,...
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...that the world was a fabulous machine and everyone just needed to figure out how it worked, so they would soon be in harmony with the laws of nature. However, centuries later, this was proven wrong. New social customs came about which led to a new democratic idea, which then led to big changes in society. For example, the roles of women, marriage, sex, eating and drinking, manners, and how they dress. The art in the Baroque period was based on a mixture of a couple things; reflecting the art during the Renaissance, “scientific principles”, with lots of emotion; and some art depended on religion, majorly. The architecture was meant to be very tremendous and inspirational. Sculptures tried to capture dramatic movement. Overall, Baroque artists tried to awaken feelings and emotions of everyone and anyone who saw their work. Musicians in the Baroque period began opera. Opera combines drama, poetry, art, dancing, music, history, and myth. Baroque opera basically influenced all other types of music in its attempt to “move the passions of the soul.” One thing they did a lot in their operas was “tone painting”, where emotions of the show affect the music itself. For example, “grief” would...
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...of gravitation published (1687) Music as Exploration and Drama * Europeans set out to develop musical approaches designed to “ramp up” various emotional states and help listeners experience their diversity more deeply. * Courts maintained elaborate musical establishments including opera troupes, chapel choirs, and orchestras. * Baroque art was extremely elaborate. Main Currents in Baroque Music * Shift from a texture of several independent parts (polyphony) to one in which a single melody stood out (homophony) * Group of Florentine writers, artists, and musicians known as the Camerata first cultivated this approach. * Figured Bass was created * Establishment of major-minor tonality * Instruments could now play in any key Rise in the Virtuoso * As musical instrument builders became more skilled musicians responded with more virtuosic (skilled) playing. * Composers demanded more advanced playing techniques * Women, particularly singers, expanded their roles in music. * Improvisation became significant. Components of Opera, Early opera in Italy, Opera in England * An opera is a large scale drama that is sung * May contain different types of ensembles * Orchestra sets the appropriate mood for the different scenes * Libretto is the text or script * Italian: lavish spectacles, and scenic displays. * English: masque: combined vocal and instrumental music with poetry and dance. Grace and...
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...Sheyu Shu 12 March 2016 PERF-215: Opera Written Response #1 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, whose name inspires large number of people through the world. As one of the greatest composers, he has divers works that impact the whole music world. Don Giovanni and the Marriage of Figaro are the symbols of Mozart’s operas. The Marriage of Figaro is a humorous story that everyone in the castle has a happy ending at the end. However, Don Giovanni, one of the greatest operas in the world, is controversial since it first appeared. Some people think they have many commons, the others think they are totally different. In order to have a better understanding of these two famous operas, analyzing theirs similarities and difference will assist me to access Mozart’s opera world. As the opera productions of Mozart, it is obviously that both Don Giovanni and the Marriage of Figaro have several similarities. First of all, the count in the Marriage of Figaro and Don Giovanni in Don Giovanni are aristocrats, who uses their privileged position in classes and social to achieve sexual license in both features: in Figaro, the count is disloyal with his countess to convince Susanna to accompany him to a trip before her wedding; in Don Giovanni, the main character tries to control everyone, especially women he encounters, without fear and moral. Unfortunately, both female characters in these two feature reject the males’...
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...Opera is a fusion of many art forms that includes music, drama, costumes, design, and choreography. For instance, the characters and plot are performed through song. An opera is created by two people. First person is librettist who writes the text or libretto. Second person is composer who sets the text to music. Opera possesses three categories of instrumentation, which involve soloist, chorus, and orchestra. On July 16, 2013, I attended a live performance of opera. This performance has performed about two hours long. The performance was take place in Central Park SummerStage, Manhattan. There are four people who performed in the performance. They are Erin Morley (soprano), Isabel Leonard (mezzo-soprano), Stephen Costello (tenor), and Bradley Moore (pianist). The first three people are stars of Metropolitan Opera, which is the largest classical music organization in North America. This performance’s gorgeous members are charming and outstanding. There are five operas piece that made me to feel amazing and enjoy the performance. First opera piece is Der Rosenkavalier by Richard Strauss. It is a comic opera that has three acts. The four main characters of this opera are Marschallin, Count Octavian Rofrano, Baron Ochs, and Sophie von Faninal. In the performance, Erin Morley and Isabel Leonard performed Act two in this opera. Act two is take place in Sophie’s home. Sophie and her father wait for Rosenkavalier (Knight of the Rose). From the tradition, Sophie’s father needs to leave...
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...Kelly Pryor May 1, 2011 spring 2011 MUSHL 10100 sec 004 Concert Report On Friday May 18,2011 I went to see the Hunter College Symphony. It was composed of many movements but i will only be talking about my three favorites. The first movement was a solo piece from the opera "Robberto Devereux" sung by Emily Serotta. Opera is the art of story telling through music and song. The soloist or Aria as its called for opera was accompanied by the full orchestra. Since operas are usually sung in italian, there was no surprise that this one was also in Italian. The piece was also sung in mezzo soprano voice. The dynamics started out fortissimo or very loud and descended into piano(soft). These dynamics were meant to represent the dying love of a heart broken women. The texture was predominantly monophonic because there was one sound or melodic line accompanied by the orchestra playing the same notes. The second movement was a a concerto by W.A. Mozart in B flat major for the piano and orchestra. The concerto is a piece of musical work usually in three parts or movement in which one solo instrument is accompanied by an orchestra. The concerto was in three movements the first was Allegro or very fast, the second Adante or rather slow and the third Allegro again bringing the piece full circle. The dynamics started of Piano and gradually rose to a crescendo. The texture was polyphonic because there were two different melodic lines that stood out and were performed simultaneously...
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...and were even noted as one of Venice’s main tourist attractions. When Vivaldi was around 14 or 15 he began the study of priesthood; in the 1600s, this was a common way for a poor family to get a free education for their child. Vivaldi was ordained on March 23, 1703 at the age of 25. He was known as the ‘Red Priest’ because of his red hair. Vivaldi worked at an orphanage which was called the Ospedale della Pieta (Hospice of Mercy) as the maestro di violin This was an all-girls orphanage, which was for the illegitimate daughters of Venice’s noblemen and the school was dedicated to the education and care of young women. The musical standards at Ospedale were among the highest in Venice and Vivaldi served as the music director. At Ospedale, every month he would write two concerti for the girls’ choir to perform, these accounted for the large variety of the music Vivaldi wrote. These concerti were often quite difficult, and the girls of the Ospedale choir must have possessed a great amount of talent to perform them. Several of Vivaldi’s students made names for themselves after graduating, with this, Ospedale’s fame grew. This growth of fame brought about the upper class to begin sending their daughters to the school with hopes of making names for their daughters as well. Ospedale reached the height of its fame and success under the direction of Vivaldi (Blom, 26). Vivaldi spent almost all of his life at the Ospedale, leaving only...
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