...AGGREGATE PLANNING Aggregate planning is intermediate-range capacity planning used to establish employment levels, output rates, inventory levels, subcontracting, and backorders for products that are aggregated, i.e., grouped or brought together. It does not specifically focus on individual products but deals with the products in the aggregate. For example, imagine a paint company that produces blue, brown, and pink paints; the aggregate plan in this case would be expressed as the total amount of the paint without specifying how much of it would be blue, brown or pink. Such an aggregate plan may dictate, for example, the production of 100,000 gallons of paint during an intermediate-range planning horizon, say during the whole year. The plan can later be disaggregated as to how much blue, brown, or pink paint to produce every specific time period, say every month. Achieving a balance of expected supply and demand is the goal of aggregate planning. Informal graphical techniques, as well as mathematical techniques are used by decision makers to handle aggregate planning. Informal Techniques Planners often use graphs or tables to compare current capacity with projected demand requirements. The informal techniques provide some general information and insight but not the specific aggregate production details. The graphs below depict aggregate planning using Level and Chase Strategies. LEVEL STRATEGY Quantity ...
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...Manpower Planning Manpower planning is a process by which the management ensures the right number and the right kind of people are at the right place and are doing the desired things(for which they are best suited) for the achievement of organisational objectives. It is the process of developing and determining objectives, policies of procurement in relation to manpower. It requires forecasting manpower needs and planning of activities to fulfil those forecast needs. . It involves anticipating the present and future requirements of the number and quality of work force in the organisation. It has two main aspects:- Quantitative Aspect It involves determination of the number of personnel required by the organisation. The number of employees is determined on the basis of work-load analysis and work-force analysis. Work-load analysis is based on production and sales budgets, time study and work scheduling. Work-force analysis is an analysis of the present manpower and its future potential. Qualitative Aspect It is concerned with the determination of the type of manpower required. The quality of manpower depends upon the requirements of the job, which in turn can be determined with the help of job analysis. Job analysis is a detailed and systematic study of the job to find out the nature and qualifications of the people required for efficient performance of the job. Job analysis reveals the tasks which constitute the job, the skills and knowledge required for the successful...
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...analysis C) Market segmentation D) Strategic planning E) Diversification Answer: D AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 2.1: Explain company-wide strategic planning and its four steps. Difficulty: Easy 2) Which of the following is true with regard to strategic planning? A) At the corporate level, the company starts the strategic planning process by determining what portfolio of businesses and products is best for the company. B) A strategic plan deals with a company's short-term goals. C) The focus of strategic planning is to define a game plan for long-run survival and growth. D) The strategic plan is a statement of an organization's purpose. E) Strategic planning involves identifying segments of consumers with identical preferences. Answer: C AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 2.1: Explain company-wide strategic planning and its four steps. Difficulty: Moderate 3) Which of the following is the first step in strategic planning? A) setting short-term goals B) developing the business portfolio C) defining the organizational mission D) formulating the key marketing strategies E) identifying the organization's weaknesses and the threats it faces Answer: C AACSB: Analytical thinking Skill: Concept Objective: LO 2.1: Explain company-wide strategic planning and its four steps. Difficulty: Easy 4) Which of the following is NOT a step in the strategic planning process? A) defining the company mission ...
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...AGGREGATE PLANNING Overview of aggregate planning activities An organization must plan its manufacturing activities of variety of level and operate those as a system .Planning help to know where to go, the aim of the organization, the goal, the objective and how these can be accomplished. Planning involves the process of forecasting, budgeting and choosing among alternative. In planning, there are time dimensions which can be classified into long, medium and short range. 1) Long range planning: This is the planning that is generally done annually, focusing on a horizon greater than a year. It usually begins with a statement of organization objective and goals for the next two to ten years. Co-operate strategic planning shows how the goals and objective of the organization are to be established in light of the organization’s capacities and its economics and political environment as projected by it business forecasts. 2) Medium range planning: this is the planning that usually cover the period of from 6 to 18 months, with the increment usually monthly or sometime quarterly. Under the medium range planning, we have some steps of planning which can done within that interval. These include Aggregate production planning, Item forecasting, master production scheduling, rough-cut capacity planning and so on. 3) Short range planning: This covers the period from one day to six months, with the increment usually weekly. The term aggregate is used to indicate that the capacity...
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...and Legal Responsibilities6 International Business6 General and Strategic Planning7 Organizing Work and Synergism8 Organization Structure and Chart9 Work Team Utilization9 Staffing10 Employee Training and Development11 Motivating Employees12 Leadership and Management14 Managing Conflict and Stress15 Managing Change15 Controlling16 Appraising and Rewarding17 Operations Management and Plans17 Operations Control18 CONCLUSION18 REFERENCES20 INTRODUCTIONIn 1947 President Harry S. Truman signed the National Security act, which created the United States Air Force. Since then, the USAF has revolutionized the technology, and tactics we use to protect this country. The Air Force played a pivotal role in World War II, Vietnam, and the Iraq War and in securing our borders. The US Air Force has become one of the most detailed, organized and efficient bodies, managed by top minds. It undertakes its responsibilities through different channels while ensuring that its work force remains dedicated, focused and competent to serve the nation. The Air Force is managed through several departments with comprehensively outlined responsibilities. Each of the bodies associated with the management of the Air Force has well specified details and identifies individuals with unique abilities and character to perform the demanding duties of managing the security of the nation. The Air Force has distinct characteristics in terms of its management. Just like any other organization, it has...
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...Case Study Failures of Bhopal Identification of Problem and Decision Objective: Situation Problem: Bhopal’s inadequate management style in controlling the following aspect: • Lack of planning strategies • Poor communication system • Inadequate plant maintenance • Poor quality of workforce • Profit oriented neglecting wellness of workers • Budget conscious and take advantage on the labor cost in the locality • Substandard plant qualification Objective: Redesign the controlling process and system in regulating operations and performance that conforms to expected company’s goals, internal and external standard in the industry that we are a part off. Alternative Courses of Action: 1. Strategic Management System 2. Enhance communication process and system 3. Reinforcement of work force and development Advantages and Disadvantages of Alternatives: |Strategic Management system | |Advantage |Disadvantage | |Firm and well thought strategies leads to a right decision and controlling management |Weak implementation of strategies | |style that will be applied by key people in the organization...
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...design for planning was decisive points. Planners used decisive points appropriately to give the commander a good sense as to the status of the operation and a measure for reaching operational objectives. The decisive points tied to the LOO and included actions such as suppress Scud Launch boxes and defeat IADS (Ibid.). The decisive points were important to the commander and deserved the allocation of forces required to reach the desired effect. An evaluation of OIF planning reveals the following weak elements of operational design: Center of Gravity (COG), forces and functions, and military end states. The decision to identify Baghdad as the Center of Gravity was among the planner’s most serious errors....
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...Question 1 Review one of the pages from your local newspaper, and try to identify all the projects contained in the articles. How many were you able to find? You must highlight all of them. From the articles that you had chosen, explain the definition of a project. Why did you classify them as ‘project’? Answer 1 I have chosen two articles extracted from The New Straits Times (Business Times B2) – from the 15th November 2014 issue. There are two (2) articles that I have found that can be classified as a “project’ 1. AirAsia Eyes Higher Load in 2015 a. This article entails a project – new cooperate building that is slated to begin in December 2014 and is scheduled to complete by June 2016 which defines a life span of a project and has defined objective of constructing a new building. b. It is unique as it is a 60 story building dubbed RedQ with an estimated floor area of 613,383 square feet. c. A building cost of close to RM 140 million with the purpose of serving as a its new cooperate headquarters satisfies the elements of cost and performance requirements that defines a project. d. It requires cross orginizalation participation because the proposed corporate building is to accommodate multiple departments with various individual and or specialized requirements and needs which involves the input and collaboration for various organizational participates. e. This building has the element of risk and uncertainty as it has to be built...
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...appraisals and other areas of business. The researcher has studied major forces that shape the HR agenda. In order, with Harvard and Ulrich model, the researcher has studied organizational effectiveness on business ethics and accountability positions. Moreover, the researcher has studied core aspects of organizational and HR strategy on business environment and planning attributes. Thus, through SWOT analysis, the researcher has initiated vertical and horizontal aspects of business planning and strategies on major policies and plans. Table of Contents Introduction 4 Identification and analysis of the major forces shaping the HR agenda in the organization (AC 3.1) 4 Examination of HR roles within the organization that contributes to organizational effectiveness, business ethics and accountability (AC 3.2, 3.3, 3.4) 5 Flow of human resource 7 Reward systems 7 Employee influence 7 Work systems 7 HR contribution to design and implementation of organization’s business and HR strategies in describing the techniques and tools required to analyze the business environment on planning purpose (AC 4.1, 4.2, 5.2) 9 Management capability 9 Enabling system 9 Cost and control 10 Competition 10 SWOT analysis 11 Strengths 11 Weaknesses 11 Opportunities 11 Threats 12 Vertical and horizontal integration of strategies within the organization (AC 4.3) 13 Identification of HR role in business planning and strategies, policies and plans that make good provisions on costs...
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...often use strategic planning frameworks such as a SWOT analysis or a five forces analysis in strategic planning initiatives. These frameworks help organizations think about the types of questions they need to ask and the information they need to be thinking about before making any business decisions. SWOT A SWOT analysis is a strategic evaluation framework used to look at a company. SWOT stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The first step of a SWOT analysis is to evaluate the positive and negative aspects of the company. Once the strengths and weaknesses have been determined, the company can look beyond its own organization to evaluate opportunities and threats from the market or competitors. Competitive forces affect strategy because your competitors react to the strategic actions you take in the marketplace, and your company has to react to their strategic moves. You have to make sure this interplay works to your advantage by using SWOT analysis to identify your company's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, and by performing the same analysis for your competition. You use this information to take action in areas where you are strong and your competitors are weak, exploiting their threats and capitalizing on your opportunities. Five Forces Porter's Five Forces is a framework used to evaluate an industry as opposed to a company. The "forces" refer to five aspects of an industry that dictate its attractiveness. The forces include power of...
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...Management Processes to Manage Change within the Canadian Forces Military Police Scott A. Shannon MMPA 6465 - Strategic Planning: Collaboration, Cooperation & Coordination Walden University 25 November 2012 Abstract As a public organization, the Canadian Forces Military Police exist to deliver services defined by public policy. As an organization designed to deliver public services, this organization operates in an environment that is subject to frequent change due to situational variables defined by government policy and often, fiscal restraints due to reductions in public spending by government. Such change requires planning; therefore, this review will generally discuss the use of defined strategic planning processes within the organizational structure of the Canadian Forces Military Police. More specifically, this review will discuss various processes for defining operational mandates, defining strategic requirements to manage change, developing tactical implementation plans and strategies for implementing and monitoring the implementation of planned systems of change. Implementing Strategic Management Processes to Manage Change within the Canadian Forces Military Police The Canadian Forces Military Police (CFMP) is a component division of the Department of National Defence and is responsible for providing “professional police, security and operational support services” (CFPM) to the Canadian Forces worldwide. As a vital component of government, mandated...
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...prepared for Gordonvale Fitness Center in order to address the current staffing issues and discuss further options into managing workforce planning. The below recommendations are to assist the business in promoting a fair and happy working environment in the hope that the Organisation is seen as an employer of choice to future potential job seekers whilst supplying job satisfaction to its current employee’s. Body Ultimate Fitness and Therapy currently employs on average of 30 individuals of various roles at any given time. The center has a member rate of approx. 1500 members; this number has fluctuated but not increased significantly. After surveying staff members to gain some insight on where the issues may lie, some common comments that where made where; - No-one cares, there is no future in this centre – loads of customers, but not enough staff - We have had no training at all since we have been here - I still haven’t a Position Description given to me - Never had an appraisal meeting – no feedback at all - Wages keep changing, I don’t know how I am paid - Don’t even know what our corporate goals are supposed to be - We don’t have any qualifications to do this work – I would like to do some - Friends are keen to start here, but don’t know how to apply The organization has a work place strategy in place in which they plan to achieve (including increasing the overall profit margin, increasing memberships and supporting...
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...new flavor which is named as pulpy grape. Already the Coca-Cola Company implemented many flavors like Maaza, Thums up, Kinley, pulpy orange and so on. Now the company wanted to introduce the pulpy grape which is in the grape flavor. For that the company appointed me as a project manager to implement the new product development. As a project manager, first I want to form the task force. In that task force there are many departments. But, as a project manager I have chosen the marketing department, financial department, HR department and production department. After forming the task force, they began to start the new product development process through the characteristics of the new product development. The NPD characteristics are idea generation, idea screening, concept of new product, market strategy, business analysis, product development, testing, completing the project and commercialization. These are the nine NPD characteristics to do the step by step process in the new product development. Whereas doing the project management there is some project planning tools to implement their idea efficiently. The tools are PERT chart, Critical Path Method and the Gantt chart. The Coca-Cola Company used the Gantt-chart method for implement their ideas effectively. Everyone is understood about the project through the Gantt chart. After facing the organization culture and management issues, finally the company launched the product in 31st July 2008 which is named...
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...for various jobs within a single Tanglewood department store to determine where the most critical problems exist. Recommend what you would do in light of the information you obtain in the calculation of various demographic statistics both for this specific store and for the chain as a whole. Specific Assignment Details For the store manager group, you will analyze the information and prepare a report showing the results of the Markov analysis and the EEO investigation. The Director asked you to address these questions in your written report: 1. Currently the organization expects that their forecast for labor requirements is essentially constant from the previous year. Based on this assumption complete the five stages of the planning process: a. Currently the organization expects that their forecast for labor requirements is essentially constant from the previous year. This means the forecast for next year will be taken as given. b. Fill in the empty cells in the forecast of labor availabilities in Table 1.1. c. Conduct an environmental scan. Based on the environmental data, what factors in the environment suggest Tanglewood might have difficulty filling their vacancies in the future? d. Compute year end totals for each job in Table 1.1 and do a gap analysis to...
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...In thoracoscopy a lung is deflated which is sometimes supported with some additional gas. Plastic or metal cannulas (called trocars in the remainder of this thesis) with seals are placed in the incisions to protect the tissue, to simplify exchange of instruments and to keep the carbon dioxide inside the cavity. However, feedback on applied forces is limited due to friction between instruments and seals and can change during one procedure as the instrument becomes more wetted...
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