...Name Course Professor Date Module 10 Forum World War 1 (WW1) had great impact on so many things. One major impact was the avenue it created for future wars and revolutions. This led to the cold war and World War 2. The WW1 led to the emancipation of women. Women now gained more right as compared to before the war. The World War 1 can also be stated to have led to the great depression. This is because the war cost billion of dollars and many countries that were involved either directly or indirectly were in debt and owed a lot of money. The other impact of the trench war was the fact that male dominance stopped being common and the patriarch ideals were also done away with as they become infamous. Male dominance became less famous as they had no careers after the war. Most of them could not get careers after the war as they had joined the army at a young age. The war had a great impact on the art especially the Russian revolution. Artist got new ideas and the themes of their paintings become one sided, most of the arts had revolution inspire themes. At this time, a group of artists emerged a good example of the groups was the Association of Russian Revolutionary Artist (ARRA). The ARRA got their themes from the Russian revolution. Sculptures and painting were created all showing the impact of the Russian revolution. For example, Lanser, an artist decorated the Moscow Railway station with paintings that demonstrated the work of the soviet construction. The Russian revolution...
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...context of a Venetian society, in which the play is set. Through the tragic descent of Othello’s composure and his actions, the audience is left to wonder whether or not his virtue and presentation as an admirable general and hero, actually exists. Act 1 of the play presents Othello's decisions and behaviour as the epitome of virtue and valour, showing him as a high statured character - the definition of a tragic hero in Aristotelian methods, as it demands a character of greatness to suffer the greatest downfall. Although not necessarily presented as high born, he is deemed to be virtuous through his military prowess and well articulated speech; this however may be argued by the drastic change of fate within act 3 where Othello’s so called ‘valiant’ image is challenged by Iago’s ‘pestilence’ whispered with his own mind which can be seen through his brash actions and broken language, additionally it can be argued that Othello can be deemed dishonourable in his own actions in the first act of the play by his unblessed marriage to Desdemona; therefore the overall presentation and view over Othello is left to debate. Through Shakespeare’s use of dramatic methods, we as the audience are thrown straight into the action of scene 1,in the form of in media res; it is Iago that announces Othello to the audience as a ‘black ram’ and a ‘devil’, casting an instant doubt within their mind to the character of Othello. The connotations of the ‘ram’,as a promiscuous bestial animal and the...
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...his works For Whom the Bell Tolls, The Old Man and the Sea, and The Sun also Rises. He got inspiration to write A Farewell to Arms after he served in the Italian Army in World War 1, and many of the things experienced by Frederic Henry, the main character, are taken straight from Hemingway’s past. It is written in a first person “stream of consciousness” style, along with Hemingway’s classic brief and journalistic approach to writing. The story itself takes place in the early 1900’s during World War 1, and centers around Frederic Henry, an American ambulance driver enlisted in the Italian Army. After he is injured by a mortar bomb, he begins a relationship with his nurse Catherine Barkley, and they (eventually) fall in love. Just before Henry must go back to front, Catherine reveals she is pregnant: Unfortunately, tragedy ensues. Henry is believed to be a traitor, and to avoid certain death, he must flee the military and head...
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... and readers cannot tell what is reality or fantasy. The definition of Magical Realism always stays in that frame. However, Gabriel Garcia Marquez takes the definition of Magical Realism to a whole new level. Under his pen, Garcia Marquez uses Magical Realism as a tool to show readers the multi-layered side of his motherland, Colombia. To be more precise, Garcia Marquez tends to reveal mostly politics in his writings. Garcia Marquez was born in 1928 in the town of Aracataca, Colombia. Colombia is a unitary constitutional republic comprised of thirty-two departments. In the past, the intense battle over sovereignty between the conservatives and liberals never stopped; the continuing conflicts between political parties even initiated civil wars, which played a big role in the formation of Colombia. The unstable and chaotic political situation partly influenced Garcia Marquez’s writings. As a Colombian who was born during such turbulent times, Garcia Marquez witnessed and experienced various historical events. The history of Colombia and his personal experiences played a huge part in inspiring Garcia Marquez’s writing. Here comes the question, why would Garcia Marquez write about politics through Magical Realism? What is his intention? Since Garcia Marquez’s childhood, Colombia’s political situation had been unstable and chaotic. For many years, dictatorship, imperialism and feudalism, had restricted people from revealing the genuine side of Colombia. In an interview with Paris...
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...“Throughout comedy the emphasis is on human limitations rather than on human greatness” (John Morreal Comedy Tragedy and Religion). To what extent does Jez Butterworth focus on human weakness and ineptitude in his play ‘Jerusalem’? Jez Butterworth’s ‘Jerusalem’ creates a comic vision focusing on the ambiguities, turmoil and hypocrisies of the society presented on stage. Butterworth focuses on the characters’ degeneracies in which the form of humour tends to be the exposure of their unruly behaviour and their reluctance to conform to social norms. “The most basic difference between comedy and tragedy lies in its central characters, who are not heroes, and often, as with Shakespeare’s Falstaff, are anti-heroic” The key character Johnny ‘Rooster’ Byron partially embodies the idea of human limitation and anti-heroism; throughout the play this is uncovered between his portrayals of superiority. Butterworth has also constructed characters with significant weaknesses and flaws to be used as a tool of exploitation but also as a form of laughter to highlight his philosophical thoughts about the truths of society. The difference between this and any typical Shakespearean comic drama ensures that in every way possible the play is subversive and goes against norms not only within the text- but with universal comic traditions. The central protagonist Johnny, has otherworldly attributes linking back to elements of mythological rural England with ideas that he was “built into the land” with...
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...history, initiating a sense of English nationalism and pride in English as a language of art. Some critics continue to challenge his authenticity and relevance making the future of Shakespeare within the curriculum of both secondary school and higher education at stake. Shakespearean Literature still speaks to modernity and is therefore important in the schools. Humanism, mastery of the English language, English nationalism, and pride in English Language as an art is brought forth in works such as, As You Like It, King Henry V, and The Tragical History of Hamlet Prince of Denmark. Students need to learn these works in order to have a broadened understanding of the English Language, culture, and history. William Shakespeare has provided the world with guidelines to the English Language, an understanding of human nature, and the ability to deal with a wide variety of emotional situations through his performative literature. Students will continue to benefit from his works of art for centuries to come. Therefore, a 446-year-old playwright is our children’s best resource and greatest teacher. During the Renaissance, the English Language was undergoing a transformation. Many new words were being added. Shakespeare coined many of these new words and phrases, as if he were creating a new roadmap to the English Language. In order to fully understand the English language today, one must understand the history behind it. William Shakespeare is one of those early writers who made the...
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...1915, The Voyage Out, first novel [pic] In The Voyage Out, one of Woolf's wittiest, socially satirical novels, Rachel Vinrace embarks for South America on her father's ship, and is launched on a course of self-discovery in a modern version of the mythic voyage. As a ship makes its way to an exotic location in South America, a young woman begins her own journey inward in Virginia Woolf’s 1915 novel The Voyage Out. Rachel Vinrace is traveling far away from her home in London. Her fellow passengers are a fascinating and motley assortment of members of Edwardian society whose lives and relationships reveal much about the world from which they come. Through witty comedy and stark tragedy, Woolf examines such themes as family, culture, and the individual in this remarkable portrait of modern life. Its unique and lyrical style, which has garnered the novel praise since its first publication, adds an artistic dimension to this surprisingly current novel. Indeed,The Voyage Out is a beautiful and telling work about self and society that rings as true today as in 1915. 1919, Night and Day [pic] [pic] Originally published in 1919, Night and Day contrasts the daily lives of four major characters while examining the relationships between love, marriage, happiness, and success. Like Virginia Woolf's first novel The Voyage Out, Night and Day is a more traditional narrative than her later novels. Unlike her first novel, however, Night and...
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...The Waste land of T.S.Eliot is considered as a full of imagery poet composed after world war. The poet is divided into five sections but through section 1: the burial of the dead, readers could realize fully about imagery and the role of speakers. In the first section, Eliot conveyed pictures from views of different speakers which are riddled from gothic imagery. This part of The Waste Land can be seen as a modified dramatic monologue. The four speakers in this part are frantic in their need to speak, to find an audience, but they find themselves surrounded by dead people and thwarted by outside circumstances, like wars. Because the parts are so short and the situations so confusing, the effect is not one of an overwhelming impression of a single character; instead, the reader is left with the feeling of being trapped in a crowd, unable to find a familiar face. It is made up of four vignettes, each seemingly from the perspective of different speakers. The first is an autobiographical snippet from the childhood of an aristocratic woman, in which she recalls sledding and claims that she is German, not Russian. The woman mixes a meditation on the seasons with remarks on the barren state of her current existence ("I read, much of the night, and go south in the winter"). The second is a prophetic, apocalyptic invitation to journey into a desert waste where the speaker will show the reader "something different from either / Your shadow at morning striding behind you...
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...Understanding Morality Topic: Death Penalty 1. General theory overview Utilitarianism will check the outcome that results from punishing the criminals and whether it is the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. The theory of social contract is supported by Hobbes. He argues that the state of nature is “the life of man would be solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short.” His solution is to come together and agree to a social contract, whose aim is to protect people from harm by others as well as to guarantee all the parties can keep the agreement. Kant says we need to act out of duty of moral rule. When we treat criminals, the only reason to be regarded as praiseworthy must be nothing else than the crime itself. Then we should consider the 1st form of categorical imperatives, which says “act only on the maxim that you can will as a universal law”. Next, we must take the 2nd categorical imperatives into account. It says “always treat humanity whether in your own person or in that of another, never simply as a means, but always at the same time as an end”. On the retributivist view, legal punishment is justified as a means of making those who are responsible for a crime or harm pay for it. According to the retributivist view, payment must to be made in some way that is equivalent to the crime or harm done. There are two arguments, proportional equivalency and egalitarian equivalency. For proportional equivalency, one is required to pay back something proportional...
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...gunner. In the drab and desolate background of world war II the gunner is hunched upside down in the belly of a bomber aircraft flying bombing missions over Germany. He is fighting off bullets and flak, constantly staring death in the face. The life expectancy of the turret gunner is short. The stench of the previous occupant still Lingers. Jerrell scribes from the first person a monologue of this ill fated gunner. We hear the gunner speak to us from the grave. The brevity of the poem is short. The life of the gunner is short. Most strikingly, the poem whisks us in time from birth to death. Perhaps the gunner is experiencing the death flash. His whole life flashes before him in an instant and we are reading his thoughts. The irony, symbols and choice of words Jerrell uses set the tone of the poem and leaves the reader with mixed emotions. In horrific times of armed conflict everything is turned inside out. What we think of as normal is abnormal. Our values are inverted. Life becomes cheap. Jerrell’s choice of metaphors and words has a traumatic impact on the reader. In a clever twist, Jerrell uses time to shorten time from decades to seconds. First, he advances time as if he knew nothing in life matters but death. The gunner goes immediately from birth to preparation for death. “From my mothers sleep I fell into the state,” line 1. It’s clear the gunner was born of his mother’s...
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...Sonnet 146 Denise Kontara William Shakespeare's 'Sonnet 146' reads as an internal monologue, fundamentally the protagonist is addressing himself. Although the use of transition between multiple metaphors has often been critiqued. As Fred Hasson (2013) suggests “The metaphors are choppy, jumping quickly from the mansion to the worms, and then to Death eating man and vice-versa. The "cost" theme mixes uneasily with the soul/body comparison.”, through a powerful use of metaphor as well as religious notions, the poet brings light to the idea of materialism and earthly greed as catalysts for the souls entrapment in the body and furthermore addresses the potential escape from such boundaries into eternal life. Despite it's ability to appeal to both Christian and Non-Christian audiences, Sonnet 146 has been often declared one of Shakespeare's more Christian poems (David E. Anderson, 2005). This very accurately acts as a reflection of the poems context, with legal requirements on churches to read Psalms from The Book of Common Prayer monthly at the time. Richmond Noble (1940, p4) in 'Shakespeare's Biblical Knowledge' lists at least 135 Psalm references in Shakespeare's plays, also vouching for other such references in the sonnets. Shakespeare's awareness and furthermore use of several Pauline paradoxes becomes apparent through the close study of the thematic structure and development...
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...was often a pessimistic view of what lay before humankind. Frequent themes in modernist works are loneliness and isolation (even in cities teeming with people), and a significant number of writers tried to capture that sense of solitude by engaging in stream-of-consciousness writing, which captures the thought process of a single character as it happens without interruption. Some of the most famous modernist authors include Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Virginia Woolf, and James Joyce. 1. Open form and free verse are distinguishing characteristics of modernist poetry. Though commonplace now, this style was quite a break from nineteenth-century rules about meter and rhyme. 2. The moniker “The Lost Generation” was coined by Gertrude Stein and refers to those artists of the 1920s who had become disillusioned with America and found themselves living as ex-patriots in Europe, chiefly in France. 3. An example of stream-of-consciousness (also called “interior monologue”) from Virginia Woolf’s Mrs. Dalloway: “She felt somehow very like him—the young man who had killed himself. She felt glad that he had done it; thrown it away. The clock was striking. The leaden circles dissolved in the air. He made her feel the beauty; made her feel the fun. But she must go back. She must assemble.” 4. One of the most famous poets and influential critics of the modernist era was T. S. Eliot, whose seminal works like The Waste Land captured the despair and...
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...Hemingway’s In Our Time-“Cat in the Rain” 1.) Composition History A.) Notes about his life with Hadley (Hemingway’s first wife) hint at a story ready to be written, but abruptly postponed. B.) Hemingway’s earliest notes for “Cat in the Rain” were sketched in late February 1923 at Rapallo, the setting of the story. C.) After visiting Ezra Pound in Chambry-Sur- Montreux, Hemingway finished four pages of a manuscript, giving up in the process, labeling it as “False start Rapallo story possible Fascito Story.” D.) The manuscript establishes elements found in his finished product, such as the hotel, train trip from Genoa, and gives a nickname to the wife: Kitty. E.) A year later he returned to the story with another manuscript of ten pages and identified it as a “First Draft Original Manuscript/ March 1924/ E.M.H.” F.) This was followed by a nineteen-page titled manuscript with another rejected title, “The Poor Kitty.” G.) Finally, he titled the typescript “Cat in the Rain.” 2.) Publication History A.) It is likely the story was completed in March of 1924. B.) There is no immediate evidence that Hemingway submitted “Cat in the Rain” for publication. C.) The setting, the subject matter, and the partial indebtedness to T.S. Elliot are possible reasons why Hemingway didn’t want “Cat in the Rain” to be published right away. D.) Another possible reason why Hemingway didn’t publish “Cat in the Rain” right away was because he had his eye on “The Boni Liveright Book” first mentioned...
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...Show the social, cultural, and historical characteristics of the extract (Act 1, Scene 1) in relation to the Renaissance. The French word renaissance means “rebirth”. The Renaissance in Europe originated in the 15th century. It brought about the awakening of new interest in the old classics as it sought the revival of the enthusiastic study of the masterpieces of ancient Latin and Greek literature. The movement also gave rise to curiosity and the growth of the spirit of inquiry, which as such, encouraged an intellectual revolt against the rigid rules and traditions of the medieval period. The Renaissance prompted the release of the human mind and the birth of original thinking which led to rapid progress in all spheres of activity. Europe was freeing itself from the intellectual tyranny of the church by allowing its individual to think on his own and to stir away from the common norm of society laid down by the dictates of the church. The spirit of the Renaissance was above all secular as Renaissance scholars shrugged off the medieval preoccupation with religion and rejected the restrictions of the Middle Ages in order to develop new ideals, enthusiasm, and interests. Humanism, nationalism, a new approach to life, a new spirit in art, architecture, literature and learning, the growth of vernacular languages, and scientific investigation, all started to gather momentum during the Renaissance period. The English renaissance was particular in its preoccupation with religion...
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