provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.[3] The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition
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1. Define the three energy pathways. For each pathway, identify two exercises that utilize the pathway. If you were training to run a marathon, which pathway would be the focal point of your training? What types of activities would you incorporate into your marathon training and why? How will an understanding of energy pathways help you in your future training endeavors? Three different metabolic energy systems power your workouts — and your day. Here’s how each one works, and how to make the
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stimuli, e.g. temperature, oxygen concentration and levels of sunlight. These may be over time, e.g. winter fur to summer fur, or quickly, e.g. changing size of pupils. Internal environments change too- the build up of carbon dioxide as a result of respiration changes the pH of the tissue fluid, and therefore inhibits enzyme activity. Multicellular organisms need to coordinate different organs, so this requires a good communication system which will: • Cover the whole body • Enable cells to communicate
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Biochemistry Task 4 00046260 A. 1. Two features that make all enzymes catalysts are that they increases the rate in chemical reaction without being used or modified and the thermodynamic properties of the reaction do not change (Hudon-Miller, 2012). 2. (Gresham HS IB Biology, 2007) 3. (Shmoop Editorial Team, 2008) 4. The first two steps of fructose metabolism in the liver is fructose is broken down by fructokinase into fructose -1-phosphate
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Catechol oxidase is an interesting compound to work with, because of this chemical fruits and vegetables turn brown when dropped or cut. I will know how catechol oxidase performs under different pH levels using a spectrophotometer to record its absorbance. This will give the information to determine if more or less product is being made. After performing the test and understanding the results I will compare the difference between absorbance, and if any problems occurred during the process. Introduction
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To begin, for this project a broth was given that contained an unknown bacterium. The purpose of this project was to use a series of tests, in order to determine what the unknown bacterium was. Using the process of elimination, an interpretation of test results was conducted, in order to rule out certain bacteria. At the end of the elimination process, it was concluded what the unknown bacterium was. Interpretation and Explanation of Results The first step was observation of the broth. At first
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QUESTION 1: Outline the energy system, of your chosen activity/movement in addressing the following points Source of Fuel: The Aerobic energy system primarily uses glucose and free fatty acids in order to generate energy. Glucose is produced through nutrients that are consumed where as fatty acids are a result of the fats stores being broken down. Efficiency of ATP production The Aerobic system is extremely effective at producing an endless supply of energy for sports of slower duration and sustained
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ATP Synthase – an Example for Chemical Energy Regulated Protein ATP synthase is enzyme located mainly in mitochondrial inner membrane and bacterial plasma membrane, coupled with the proton concentration gradient developed by electron transport chain carrying the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. The molecular mass of ATP synthase is around 550. The difference in molecular mass is due to different stoichiometry arrangements of subunit c, whose number ranges from 8 to 15. In Lehninger:
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Kevin Lopez 03/18/13 (008945285) Succinate Dehydrogenase Enzyme Activity in Mitochondrial Fraction Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is an enzyme that catalysis the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the citric cycle. During this step, electrons removed from succinate directly reduce an electron acceptor, known as FADH2; however, for this laboratory experiment an artificial electron acceptor, dichlororphenolindophenol (DCPIP), was utilized. By inhibiting complex IV of the electron transport chain
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BASILIO, CHIARRA NICOLE P. PROF. VENTURA BS BIOLOGY 4-2 Animal Physiology Lecture 1.) Differentiate DNA and RNA in terms of structure and composition DNA is known as the blueprint of biological guidelines that a living organism must follow to exist and remain functional. RNA on the other hand, helps carry out this blueprint's guidelines. Of the two, RNA is more versatile than DNA because it is capable of performing numerous, diverse tasks in an organism, but DNA is more
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