Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, is a disease involving the respiratory tract. It is a highly contagious bacterial disease that causes coughing uncontrollably and violently. The constant cough makes it harder to breathe, which could lead to apnea. A “whooping” sound is often heard after a cough because the patient will need to take a breath. Pertussis is caused by a bacterium named Bordetella Pertussis. The bacteria attaches to the cilia that lines the upper respiratory tract and releases
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Did you know that one of the leading causes of death is heart diseases? Atherosclerosis is a heart disease that is caused with the buildup of plaque inside the arteries preventing blood flow. It has many causes that include high blood pressure and cholesterol. Smoking, insulin resistance, and obesity are also factors that cause atherosclerosis. Finally, high triglycerides and in the blood and inflammation from infections can prompt atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis has many of symptoms including shortness
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Grover Disease Grover disease is a skin disease that causes a rash of itchy, red bumps (skin lesions). The condition is also known as transient acantholytic dermatosis. Lesions start on the chest and back and move to the shoulders, arms, and legs. Over time, some lesions may develop into watery blisters. Painful lesions may also form inside the mouth. The condition does not cause any other physical problems. Skin lesions usually go away in 6-12 months. For some people, Grover’s disease may last
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Although most of us are left to wonder, some people have horrendous, incurable, life-changing diseases that makes them get closer to their finish line. This group of people should be entitled to know when their day will, thus they should be informed by their doctor. Lives could end in a blink of an eye; therefore, we live life to the fullest. On the contrary, humans with life threatening diseases don’t have the option to wait longer for a beautiful experience, so they should take advantage
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What is the infectious agent (pathogen) that causes this infectious disease? For example, the name of the bacteria, virus, or parasite. Gram-negative bacteria. Typhoid fever is cause by salmonella. Salmonella infections are zoonotic and can be transferred between humans and animals. This infection can survive outside a living body for weeks. A distinction is made between enteritis salmonella and horny/paratyphoid salmonella where the latter, because of a special virulence factor and a capsule protein
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Smallpox, a disease caused by variola virus, has been globally eradicated since the early 1980s due to the massive vaccination program conducted by the World Health Organization. However, there are concerns that the smallpox virus could be used as a biological weapon. In addition, the monkeypox virus, which resembles the smallpox virus, is an emerging virus that caused an outbreak of human monkeypox in Africa, and more recently in the United States. Therefore, the need for protection against these
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of air and water which play a big role, especially in point source outbreaks. Contamination of air and water may also provide favorable conditions for widespread transmission. The other environmental factor is food contamination caused by human or zoonotic transmission. Two specifically human factors include cultural practices, travel, and many other societal norms. Social-economic status which influences an individual’s education, nutritional status, housing conditions, etc. is the second human factor
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provides the top ten causes of mortality in rank order over the last decade. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) accounted for two-thirds of global deaths in 2011 and infectious diseases for one-third. In 2000 the relative proportions were 60% NCDs and 40% infectious diseases. This rapid shift reflects the massive scale up in recent efforts to prevent and treat a number of major infectious diseases. Although improvements in maternal and child mortality have been made these still remain unacceptably
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Robert Cook discuss the increasing problem of cross-species diseases and their spread throughout the world, citing a breach in the “Darwinian divide” that has kept epidemics at bay (1). While previously, only a few diseases could affect both humans and animals, in recent years the increase of globalism and introduction of species into new environments have contributed to this global problem. Over half of the 1,415 categorized infectious diseases are known to infect both animals and humans, which presents
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responsible for Lyme disease is the spirochete microorganism B. burgdorferi. Lyme disease is a zoonotic disease that is transmitted from host to mammalian by vector ticks of the Ixodes genus (Transmission, 2015). B. burgdorferi is an obligate parasite, whose natural host are a wide variety of mammals, is transferred to humans to cause Lyme disease by a blood meal of a tick. Although a natural host may contain the microorganism, not all mammals undergo the symptoms of Lyme disease like that of the immunopathological
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