...There are many associated risks for first responders when responding to terrorist events. When first responders respond to a terrorist attack there are possible environmental and physical risks; however, physical risks can create environmental hazards and vice-a-versa. For instance, emergency responders may enter into an environment with “biological or chemical agents, radioactive materials, or hazardous air pollutants from collapsing buildings or destruction of buildings might be imminent” (Guide, 2002, p.29). Structural damage and deadly pipeline, sewer systems, bridges or tunnel damage may cause additional environmental or physical risks to first responders (Guide, 2002). While the first responders are involved in the disaster, they can be in danger of inhalation of hazardous materials, and building debris hazards, among other physical and emotional problems after the attack. When first responders react to a terrorist attack, there is the potential...
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...sharpen and evaluate students’ research & critical thinking skills. The assignment is driven & tested by a combination of course materials and external self-led research (depending upon essay[s] selected); analyzed and presented in essay(s) form. Type: This assignment consists of a research-analysis paper approximately four to six pages in length, double-spaced.. The source material should result primarily from self-led external research of scholarly articles. In addition, the course required reading materials may be used. Topic: Select your topic from the following general themes (note that these are not topics, but you should use them to guide your selection of a topic): - Compare and contrast US CI to that of a foreign country. - What are the lasting ramifications of past CI operations (such as COINTELPRO, etc.)? - Is the current state of CI in the Intelligence Community adequate? Why or why not? - Explain the responsibility of CI in Intelligence failures. - Any other relevant topic (not previously used in academic papers) pre-agreed with Professor. Format: Your paper requires a Title page and bibliography. Your name, course number, and page number should be included in the header of the document so that it is visible on the top of each page. Your paper also requires citations and a reference listing/bibliography as the last page. The current Counterintelligence field in the United States, is improving since the 9/11 attacks where we had a massif failure...
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...Domestic Terrorism in 9/11 Attacks For my research paper this semester, I would like to narrow my topic to domestic terrorism involvement in the series of attack that occurred on 9/11. There are many academic journals, live interviews, newspaper articles, books, and numerous websites that can help me do my paper. Even though this may be tedious, I am very interested in government affairs and domestic tragedies. I have always felt a close tie to the 9/11 attacks. I was a resident of New York, New York in 2001. During the attack of the Twin Towers in Manhattan, I witnessed the whole thing as I went to work with my mom at the JP Morgan Chase Headquarters. Even though I was only six at the time, I understood the significance of the attack. So from a young age I have been interested on the topic. A few years ago, while watching a 9/11 documentary, several times they had mentioned domestic terrorists’ role in the events that occurred that day. Now that I have the chance to do a thorough research on the topic, I would like to. While researching, I hope to find a stand in the argument. In reading numerous amount of credible sources I think I would find how big domestic terrorism really is in America. I believe I will strengthen my knowledge in the government and its policies. In researching the 9/11 attacks, I think many sources will show how propaganda may have played a factor. Lastly, I think I will see whether the U.S. government had a role in the attacks at...
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...Criminal Justice System Lessons Learned Post 9/11 The purpose of this paper is to discuss the importance of interagency collaboration in the criminal justice system, the changes that were made and lessons learned following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. In the wake of the events that followed the 9/11 attacks many problems were revealed within the criminal justice system, especially those affecting the law enforcement community. One of those problems was the lack of interaction between the police departments and other local/state law enforcement with the federal law enforcement agencies. Local law enforcement agencies are the primary responders to any incident of crime or terror, therefore developing a better interagency collaboration in order to share information is essential in order to prevent future attacks. Prior to the 9/11 attacks many of the agencies believed in keeping information within their own realm due to protocols and security clearances. These criminal justice agencies each had pieces to a puzzle, but because these agencies never worked together, those pieces would never be put together to reveal the bigger picture. The 9/11 events revealed the lack of interaction and set about a positive change that would impact the way the criminal justice system approached their problem solving. One of those changes was the reorganization of the federal law enforcement agencies, including the creation of the Department of Homeland Security and the Transportation...
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...September 11, 2001 9/11 was an inside job. A bold statement to a beginning of a bold paper. Several credible people support this claim. 9/11 is a very touchy subject, as it should be. This research paper will offend most people. The attack was very real. The deaths were very real. The people responsible for the attack was not the Taliban. 9/11 was an inside job, 9/11 was a false flag operation designed to get the American people to back a war that we had no business to be in. Moving forward know this, I have the upmost respect for our military and the lives lost due to 9/11. I also have several people in my life that are active duty now as well as during the time of the 9/11 attacks. September 10, 2001 one day before the attacks. Secretary...
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...A Guide to Preparing a Paper or Master’s Thesis J.G. Brouwer A.J.J. de Hoogh 1. Table of Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Table of Contents Introduction Purpose of Writing a Paper or Thesis Thesis Procedure Selecting a Topic An Outline Research and Analysis of the Topic Structure and Format Quotations, Paraphrasing, Plagiarism and Fraud Footnotes, References and the Bibliography Minimum Requirements and Grading 1 2 2 3 4 5 7 7 9 11 15 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the authors. 1 2. Introduction Writing skills are of eminent importance for a lawyer. That is why some courses require you to write a paper and the LL.M. Programme requires you to write a thesis at the end of your studies. There are strict requirements regarding the contents and the procedure. The following guidelines will provide you with information for successful completion. If you would like more guidance during the writing of your thesis, then you are advised to consult the following websites: http://www.learnerassociates.net/dissthes/ (structure and format) http://owl.english.purdue.edu/ (language) http://writingcenters.org/index.php (overview writing centres) The paper/thesis must be in English. This means for most of you, since English is not your native...
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...proposal is to address the importance of Critical Infrastructure Protection (CIP) and the mythology behind this since the attacks of 9/11, as well as a brief history of Critical Infrastructure Protection pass to the present to include attacks from the cyber arena. These attacks are prone to come indirect or direct which will and could affect our need and use for resources for life as we know it based on living naturally on a daily bases, these threats maybe man made or by natural disaster. Problem statement Prior to the attacks of 9/11 there was no main concern with the protection of Critical Infrastructure within the United States from any avenue. As we moved on into the 21 century the threat has evolved from more than just protecting water source, and power plants. With the information age this issue has shown another form of crippling the United States economy with just the push of a button. How we to protect these infrastructures from threats that may not be seen or those from natural disasters is a question for now and the future. Purpose statement I have chosen this particular subject due to the nature of its importance to national security, economy, as well as the everyday needs of Americans to survive. The awareness for the protection of our critical infrastructure is a necessity for the present and future of America’s well fair. Research questions Q1. When did the United States began showing concern for critical infrastructure and why? Q2. Why is the protection...
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...Compare and contrast the pre and post 9/11 law enforcement response to terrorism. What strategies could be implemented to increase future law enforcement capability in countering terrorism? Andrew McAdam Student Number: Word Count: “Things will never be the same.” (Miller, Stone & Mitchell, 2002, p. 3) Law enforcement has undergone dramatic changes as a result of the devastating events in the United States on 11 September 2001 (9/11). This essay will examine how law enforcement, specifically within Australia, has shifted its policies and strategies to fight the post-9/11 terrorist threat. An analysis of police actions towards terrorist related incidents since 9/11, displays how law enforcement agencies have demonstrated their ability to respond to the various threats of terrorism as they arise. “Since 2001, numerous terrorist attacks have been thwarted in Australia. Thirty-eight people have been prosecuted as a result of counter-terrorism operations and 20 people have been convicted of terrorism offences under the Criminal Code.” (Counter-Terrorism White Paper, 2010, p. ii) Australia’s State and Federal policing agencies have ‘a long tradition of reactive patrol’ (White, 2012, p. 487) However, uniformed policing plays an important role in counter-terrorism operations. Due to their knowledge and close working relationships within the local community, police are in the best position to detect and prevent terrorist actions from occurring. “So far, terrorist attempts in...
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...In the years following the September 11 attacks, 33 terrorist incidents have occurred on U.S. soil. The U.K. has experienced 190, and Israel has reported numbers in the thousands (National Counterterrorism Center, 2011). Resource: National Counterterrorism Center. (2011). 2010 report on terrorism. Retrieved from http://www.nctc.gov/witsbanner/docs/2010_report_on_terrorism.pdf Review the incidents from this list of significant terrorist activities here and abroad. You can research these for a fuller understanding of how terrorism has affected the United States in the last decade. • 2002: Failed attempt to shoot down an Israeli jetliner in Kenya • 2002: Attack of French tanker off coast of Yemen • 2002: Shooting at Los Angeles International Airport by Hesham Mohamen Ali Heayat results in the deaths of two people • 2002: Bombing of nightclub in Bali, Indonesia • 2003: Car bombing of JW Marriot hotel in Jakarta, Indonesia • 2004: Commuter train bombings in Madrid, Spain • 2004: Attack of Western oil companies and housing compounds in Al Khobar, Saudia Arabia, results in death of 22 people • 2004: Armed assailants breached U.S. consulate in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, resulting in 5 deaths • 2005: Bombings of London underground trains and bus Dec 16 200 HIS/135 Version 4 11 • 2005: American citizen Michael Reynolds in Pocatello, Idaho, offers to assist al-Qaida in acts of terrorism by planning attacks and describing bomb making techniques • 2007: IED explosions at restaurant...
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...THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AMERICAN CIVIL RIGHTS AND AMERICA’S FIGHT AGAINST TERRORISM SECURITY MEASURES [pic] By Latisha Gant Table of Contents I. Introduction A. How has America’s Attitude toward terrorism changed after September 11, 20011 B. What are people and Government reactions to terrorism after 911? C. Why was America’s Protection Agency Homeland Security Formed? II. Balancing American Civil rights and Against Terrorism A. What is American Census and Attitude towards Terrorist Security Measures? B. What is the political thought of American’s civil right attitudes after 911? C. What is the impact of Post 911 terrorist event and Iraq War on civil rights and Terrorism? III. Recent Trends in Americans Excepting New Security Measures as a Way of Life A. What is the impact of terrorism on American and global way of Life? B. What are the disadvantages and advantages of heightened Homeland Security Measures? C. What do people fear terrorist attacks or civil rights infringements the most? V. Conclusion THESIS STATEMENT This research paper will focus on the balancing of the relationship between American civil rights and America’s fight against terrorism. Terrorism has changed the way we use public transportation, travel in airports and train stations, eat in hotels and restaurants see movies, almost everything we do can be attacked by terrorist in America today. Terrorism by terrorist like Bin Laden and Al-Quada have influenced...
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...In the years following the September 11 attacks, 33 terrorist incidents have occurred on U.S. soil. The U.K. has experienced 190, and Israel has reported numbers in the thousands (National Counterterrorism Center, 2011). Resource: National Counterterrorism Center. (2011). 2010 report on terrorism. Retrieved from http://www.nctc.gov/witsbanner/docs/2010_report_on_terrorism.pdf Review the incidents from this list of significant terrorist activities here and abroad. You can research these for a fuller understanding of how terrorism has affected the United States in the last decade. * * 2002: Failed attempt to shoot down an Israeli jetliner in Kenya * 2002: Attack of French tanker off coast of Yemen * 2002: Shooting at Los Angeles International Airport by Hesham Mohamen Ali Heayat results in the deaths of two people * 2002: Bombing of nightclub in Bali, Indonesia * 2003: Car bombing of JW Marriot hotel in Jakarta, Indonesia * 2004: Commuter train bombings in Madrid, Spain * 2004: Attack of Western oil companies and housing compounds in Al Khobar, Saudia Arabia, results in death of 22 people * 2004: Armed assailants breached U.S. consulate in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, resulting in 5 deaths * 2005: Bombings of London underground trains and bus * 2005: American citizen Michael Reynolds in Pocatello, Idaho, offers to assist al-Qaida in acts of terrorism by planning attacks and describing bomb making techniques * 2007: IED...
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...LaFree and Freilich are concerned with identifying concentrations of violent attacks in time and space. In their study, they are referring to highly concentrated series of attacks as ??micro-cycles.?? The authors draw on recent research demonstrating that individual crimes elevate the risk for subsequent crimes termed ??near repeats.?? They use data from the DHS and START supported Global Terrorism Database (GTD) analyze over 4,000 terrorist attacks attributed to the FMLN in El Salvador and ETA in Spain. These two terrorist organizations were both extremely active but differed greatly in terms of history, motives and grievances. Their studies show strong support that the terrorist attacks attributed to these two distinctive groups were part of violent micro-cycles based on the spatio-temporal attack and the two groups similarities....
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...Terrorism and Homeland Security: The Impacts on Preventative Measures Abstract This paper explores four different topics on homeland security and anti-terrorism policies. The creation of the Department of Homeland Security or (HDS). What policies had to be implemented and what did the creation of a new agency affected or benefit. The impact that international terrorism has caused the United States of America and how this policies and changes help build a stronger defense against them. The implementation of local enforcement agencies and the community in the fight to deter terrorist attacks. The Federal Emergency Management Agency or (FEMA) and how organizational bureaucracy hindered cooperation and communication among local and federal agencies. This paper will address what measures have been and can be taken in the future to improve inter-agency cooperation and communication. Table of Content Terrorism and Homeland Security: The Impacts on Preventative Measures Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………2 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………..4 Terrorism and the creation of the DHS………................................................................................4 USA PATRIOT ACT……………………………………………………………………………...5 Appropriate roles of agencies and community………………………………………………….5-6 Preventative plans…………………………………………………………………………………6 Community Emergency Response………………………………………………………………...6 FEMA……………………………………………………………………………………………..7 National Response Plan…………………………………………………………………………...
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...9/11 I chose the events of 9/11 for my research paper because there has not been any other even in U.S. history that has changed America as much as the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Not even when Japan attack Pearl Harbor had such an attack on the U.S. changed the way we live or the way we see things. Yes the attack on Pearl Harbor sent the U.S. to war but the 9/11 attacks have not only changed our thinking but also implemented a new system to alert Americans when there could be another attack on U.S. soil. There has been so much talk on the events of 9/11 from it being another country to it being the work of the government to hide information to wanting to start a war. Which it did, American forces invaded Afghanistan to search for Osama Bin Laden. The thought that someone could hijack commercial airliners (Boeing 767s) and use them to attack high rises, not only high rises but U.S. landmarks and also the Pentagon which houses the military headquarters in the United States. There were four airliners hijacked that day with three of them hitting their marks and the fourth one crashing in a Pennsylvania field. The attacks are the worst terrorist attacks to ever happen on U.S. soil, resulting in more than 3,000 people were killed due to the attacks on New York and Washington D.C. After the first plane hit the north tower of the World Trade Center on the 80th floor, it trapped hundreds of people above the fiery inferno and they started evacuating the north tower. Within...
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...cash-strapped IT departments that are wanted to deliver better services under pressure. When this cloud is made available for the general customer on pay per use basis, then it is called public cloud. When customer develops their own applications and run their own internal infrastructure then is called private cloud. Integration and consolidation of public and private cloud is called hybrid cloud. But having many advantages for IT organizations cloud has some issues that must be consider during its deployment. The main concern is security privacy and trust. These issues are arises during the deployment of mostly public cloud because in public cloud infrastructure customer is not aware where the data store & how over the internet. In this paper security privacy & trust issues of cloud computing are reviewed. The...
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