...According to Queensland Health (2012) health services that are initiated, controlled and operated by the indigenous community have the potential to increase the number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people accessing the appropriate available services. Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHO) such as Aboriginal Torres Strait Islanders Community Health Services Mackay (ATSICHS) provides holistic and culturally appropriate care. This highlights that access to health services, may be affected by a variety of socioeconomic factors, such as low income, unemployment, second-rate housing and also socio-political factors like forced removal from land and/or family. These factors need be addressed to achieve continuous improvement in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Queenslanders health status. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander primary health care services offer clinical care, screening programs, a wide range of preventative health care activities, health-related and/or community supported activities. Queensland Health (2010) focuses on the health status of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, which acknowledges the significant gap in life expectancy between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Queenslanders (approximately 10.4 years for males and 8.9 years for females). Community involvement is a founding principle of the World Health Organisation (WHO) 1978 Alma-Ata primary health care declaration (WHO, 2013). A significant reason for community...
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...In my film analysis essay, I want to discuss about the aboriginal “blackfellas” in Australia, and further the masculinity in the company of the “father and son” relationship which are presented in this film. Mad Bastards, a Paramount Pictures film which was filmed in 2010, written and directed by Brendan Fletcher, and starred by Dean Daley-Jones, Lucas Yeeda, and Greg Tait. In addition, Mad Bastards had been nominated for 12 awards, and had won two. Besides, Mad Bastards was an official selection of 2011 Sundance Film Festival. The Sundance Film Festival is an American film festival held annually in Utah, and is the largest independent film festival in the US for American and international independent filmmakers. The festival covers competitive...
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...Bindal group although had a claim struck out by the Federal Court of Australia. When Australia was first discovered and the First Fleet arrived there was around 500, 000 Aboriginal people living in Australia, now days there is only 270,000 living around Australia. Between the 18th and 19th Century the Britons brought sheep and cattle to Australia and began to colonise Australia, this although had a huge impact on the traditional owners of Australia as the British took the land...
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...with this statement? Discuss in relation to Aboriginal Australians or Native Americans. The traumatised actions experienced during the stolen generation period made the aboriginal children suffer much pain throughout their lifetime. They were separated from their families without consent and sent to various institutions such as children’s missions, community missions, government settlements and hotels in order to cut off Aboriginality. Apart from restriction of speaking their language, carrying on their tradition and seeking their knowledge, they were physically and emotionally abused. Hunger also made their life much harder. So, in order to survive, they had to search for food and eat other peoples’ leftover foods ( Simon 2014). For many years, they have been suffered from loneliness, dislocation, stress and grief. Consequently, psychological harm and mental illness came into their lives which made them harder to survive. Even when they came out of the constitutions, they experienced the loss of their identity, culture, community and family (Read 2006). Thus, many aborigines became alcoholisms which is one of the ways to relieve their pain and trauma. The bitter memories and pains made by the government are still in the hearts of aborigines today. Reference * Korff, J 2015, ‘A guide to Australian’s stolen generations’. Available from: <http://www.creativespirits.info/aboriginalculture/politics/a-guide-to-australias-stolen-generations#axzz3ZDdqIlO2>. [ 7 May...
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...Australia A short fact file- Sam Clift • Australia is the 6th largest country in the world, occupying an entire continent of some 7.6 million square kilometers. • Australia has the largest Greek population in the world beside Athens in Greece and the Greek people can be found in Melbourne Victoria, which has a population of just over 2,000,000 million people. • Australia was the second country in the world to give women the right to vote in 1902 and in 2012 the first female prime minister was elected and her name was Julia Gillard. • Australia is the sports capital of the world and has about 70 percent of its total population participating at least once a week in a particular recreational activity or sport, such as going to a gymnasium to work-out or playing in one of the many sports Australians enjoy. • Approximately 1.35 trillion bottles of wine are produced by Australia and Australia is the maker of some of the finest wines in the world. • It is thought that the Aboriginal people have called Australia home for between 40,000 and 80,000 years, and there have been some discoveries to verify this is true, such as foot prints being found that date back 60,000 years. • The first people to migrate to Australia were convicts or criminals from England and there were 162,000 and they were transported by around 800 different boats. • Australia is estimated to be 7,692,024 square Kilometers and the sixth largest nation after Russia, Canada, China , the United States of America and...
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...talk about the makings of cross-cultural shared film in describing and or challenging hegemonic depictions of Aboriginal people; the main emphasis being above all regarding Australian Aboriginal individuals. Exercising the current film ‘Ten Canoes’ directed by Rolf De Heer (2006), produced in working together amongst the Australian- Yolngu individuals and the non-Indigenous Rolf De Heer, this paper will argue whether cross-collaborative film developments can effectively and practically give power to the Aboriginal individuals as a mode of confrontation to cultural domination and management and as well as a contemporary structure of cultural reminiscence and regeneration, as Eric Michaels (1987) calls it a ‘cultural future’ (no.page), and also how essential dialogue is in development of an ‘ethical, postcolonial’ film in Australian film and television. In Australian film, the depictions of Aboriginal individuals have traditionally been together notified by racist ideologies and helpful to the growth of these philosophies in the normal Australian culture (Turner, 1988; 135). In Australia, films ‘about’ Aboriginal individuals persist to strengthen the hegemonic formations of cultural authority and prevention of having power of Aboriginal individuals from the Australian norm (Langton, 1983; 33). Marcia Langton (1983; 33) a top Aboriginal scholar claims that, in Australia, variety of media communication have taken place and remain to be one of the most influential ways of describing...
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...everyone's best interests. The process of Reconciliation formally began as a result of the Report of the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody in 1991. The issue of Reconciliation is of great importance to common good because it helps avoid feelings of revenge, anger and hatred and a commitment to social justice as well as a way to ensure lasting peace and stability and to improve the relationship for the common good. Reconciliation aims to address the inequity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians that was introduced with the colonisation of Australia in 1788. Some relevant points around Reconciliation for the Common Good are, the referendum laws for Aboriginal people on May 27 1967, the report of the Royal commission into Aboriginal deaths in custody in 1991, as well as the Formal apology for the members of the stolen generations in 2008. Reconciliation for the common good was the referendum laws for Aboriginal people on May 27, 1967. It enabled Indigenous people to be included in the census, and it enabled federal parliament the power to make laws in relation to Indigenous people. This meant that Indigenous people and non-Indigenous people were all required to follow the same laws set out by the government, and that Indigenous people would be recognised and counted (in elections and the census) in all states and territories of Australia. The decision of the Australian population was a milestone for Indigenous people as they were finally being recognised as...
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...humans and things around us that we see in our world today (Bourke, Bourke & Edwards, 1998). This idea leads the Aboriginals to believe they are tethered to everything in existence. For the Aboriginal groups to gain a further knowledge on what happened during "The Dreaming" Goddard & Wierzbicka (2015) state the Aboriginals must rely on the dreams of the elders. No dream can be changed. Groups of Aboriginals all over Australia speak a different languages. Stories record that this is because the spirits they descend from appointed them their current dialect, meaning every group comes from a certain part of Australia and has their own stories about The Dreaming spirits they descend from that is spoken in their tongue (Bourke, Bourke & Edwards, 1998). Over all, The Dreaming at it's very core is the foundation that the Aboriginals draw upon to create law and rules to abide by, kinships which will determine things like what land you own, obligations, friends and so on, along with giving cultural value and a belief system to Aboriginal groups across Australia ("The Dreaming | australia.gov.au", 2016). Kinship Kinship is a word used to define a set of varying rules that each Aboriginal group across Australia adhere to. The kinship system is determined by passed down knowledge and dreams of the elders from the spirits they descend from, meaning not every Aboriginal group will have exactly the same rules (Fryer-Smith, 2008). The Kinship system...
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...Changing rights and freedoms and human wellbeing By Yasmin Hayward On Australia Day’s 150th anniversary, in 1938, William Cooper, a member of the Aboriginal Progressive Association, declared the day a “Day of Mourning”, alluding to the annual re-enactment of Phillip’s landing. Aboriginal people call it ‘Invasion Day’, ‘Day of Mourning’, ‘Survival Day’ or, since 2006, ‘Aboriginal Sovereignty Day’. The latter name reflects that all Aboriginal nations are sovereign and should be united in the continuous fight for their rights. Aboriginal people refused to participate in the re-enactment because it included chasing away a party of Aboriginal people. “I refuse to celebrate, and every Australia Day my heart is broken as I am reminded that in the eyes of many, I am not welcome on my own land.” —Nakkiah Lui, Aboriginal woman “We won't stop, we won't go away / We won't celebrate Invasion Day!”—Chant during protests on Australia Day 2012 “January 26th marked the beginning of the murders, the rapes and the dispossession. It is no date to celebrate”—Michael Mansell, National Aboriginal The Day of Mourning Speech. The Aboriginal perspective of Australia day was that is was not a celebration Aboriginal people but in fact a commemoration of a deep loss. The issues outlined in the Day of Mourning speeches in 1937 led by three Aboriginal men were for the Aboriginal people to be able to access the same citizenship rights as those of white-Australians. This included their land being returned...
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...History: The aborigines are the indigenous people of Australia, who probably entered Australia from Southeast Asia for about 40 000-60 000 years ago, and is therefore one of the oldest indigenous people in the world. Today, there are currently around 517,000 Aborigines in Australia, spread across the country. The word "Aboriginal" means native or indigenous people, the first people to settle on a piece of land. The word is used as a term for various indigenous groups in Australia. In 1770, s the Englishman James Cook and his crew landed on the Australian ground. At first the "white man" used Australia as a penal colony, a place you brought prisoners who were no longer desired in Europe. The aborigines were uprooted from their lands. Many died of diseases that came with the English men, because their immune system was not designed to handle such things. As many as 90% of the aborigines may have been extinct for various reasons. When James Cook arrived, it was about 300 000 aborigines in Australia. Those who did not die of illness risked being shot or taken as slaves. They were regarded as uncivilized or animals, as they not used clothes, had a house or modern weapons. Before the british men came the aborigines lived as nomads and as hunter-gathers with a strong dependence on the land and their agriculture for survival. After the settlement of the britsh the indigenous people were displaced from their ways of life and were forced to submit to European rule, and later encouraged...
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...Introduction- The National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation represents over one hundred and fifty Aboriginal communities across Australia (NAACHO 2014). NAACHO works with communities through using approaches such as planning, holistic approaches, policy development and implementation, aboriginal cultural integrity, and equity. “NACCHO represents local Aboriginal community control at a national level to ensure that Aboriginal people have greater access to effective health care across Australia” (NACCHO Summary 2004). These approaches help NAACHO to focus on the the health and wellbeing of Aboriginals to work towards the improvement of primary health care in Aboriginal communities. Research timeline – Topic sentence 1- The National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation was established in 1992. It replaced the older organisation, National Aboriginal and Islander health organisation (NAIHO) which was officially recognised in 1976. The reasons for this change was that Torres Strait Islander people wanted to establish their own organisation purely focused on Torres Strait Islanders, and their fight for independence. Supporting details- – Previous organisation’s before NAACHO – Royal Commission into Aboriginal Death in Custody Report – Explain – Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander...
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...are too expensive. (Slide show) Social and emotional wellbeing is a term used to talk about a person’s overall social, emotional, psychological (mental), spiritual, and cultural wellbeing. Factors that are important to social and emotional wellbeing include a person’s. (refer to slide show) Social and emotional wellbeing is often confused with mental health, but it is much broader: social and emotional wellbeing is concerned with the overall wellbeing of the person. On the other hand, mental health describes how a person thinks and feels, and how they cope with and take part in everyday life. It is often seen, incorrectly, as simply the absence of a mental illness. (Slide show) Important determinants of Indigenous health inequality in Australia include the lack of equal access to primary health care and the lower standard of health infrastructure in Indigenous communities (healthy housing, food, sanitation etc) compared to other Australians. Equality in health care refers to the differences in the use, access, availability or quality of health care by different groups (Ward, 2009). Inequality in health care is about the ability to access health services using concepts and approaches involving social justice and therefore requires a judgement about what is fair and just. This may involve assistance to...
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...In this essay, I will describe the life of the Aboriginals in Australia, a characterisation of the character Jack McPhee and some comments of his experiences in the novel “Wanamurraganya”, an analysis of “Mary’s Song Cycle”, and finally I will talk about the movie “Rabbit Proof Fence” First, I will like to start talking about who and what the Aboriginals are, they were the original residentes of Australia and they have been there since around 45.000 years ago, however the Aboriginals claim they trace their creation back to the “Dreamtime”, an era where the earth were created. Before the first settlers came to Australia in 1788, the Aboriginal people lived throughout Australia, although the most of the population lived along the coast. Today more than half of all Aboriginals live in cities, often in cruel conditions with bad educations, and some with the habit of drug, alcohol and smoking addictions. The novel starts with that Jack McPhee is born in 1905, and that he is an illegitimate son of an Aboriginal woman and white station owner. Mary’s Song Cycle is made Ruby Langford Ginibi, she is born Jan 26 1934 and she died Oct 1 2011, she a Bundjalung author, historian and lecturer on Aboriginal history, culture and politics. The poem is narrative, because it a tells a story, the story is about the “stolen generation” and how the Australian government treated the Aboriginals, the poem ask the reader where it’s people, children, traditions and warriors are, but right in the...
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...Australia post 1945 - Key terminology – * Assimilation Policy – official government policy which aims to integrate minority groups into the dominant culture group. This results in a loss of culture, tradition and languages. * Balance rites – Aboriginal rituals that aim to make a supernatural connection with ancestral beings from the dreaming * Crown land – Public land owned by the commonwealth of Australia and managed by Australian government * Dispossession – The forced removal of aboriginal people from their native land. * Dreaming – Aboriginal spiritual beliefs about creation and existence. The dreaming establishes the rules governing relationships between people, land and all things for Aboriginal people. It links together the past, present and future. * Freehold title – Absolute and permanent ownership of the land. * Half-castes – An offensive term referring to a person of mixed decent or ethnicity. * Land rites – Property rights pertaining to land. * Meta-temporal – the trinity of the past, present and future. * Native title – Form of land title, which recognises aboriginal people as rightful owners of their traditional land. * Protection policy – official government policy stating in the late 19th century. Removed aboriginal people from unsuitable environments and placed them under the protection of the state. * Sacred sites – Places of spiritual significance to Aboriginal people as they are connected with ancestor beings...
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...In post war Australia, there existed two types of world, the majority and the indigenous minority. In the period following the Second World War, majority of Australians lived in a place where laws ensured order, having enough resources to have a sustainable standard of living. If they didn’t possess or had access to resources, the government benefits and services helped them. The other world was occupied by indigenous Australians whose ancestors had lived in Australia for more than 40 000 years. By the 1950s they lost their land and way of living, living on the edge of town rubbish dumps and sometimes earning money as fruit pickers. State laws didn’t give them any benefits, told where they were allowed to live, stole their children and also had control over who could they marry. Contact between the inhabitants of these worlds was little, the non-indigenous didn’t care or know about the sufferings of the minority. However, in the late 1950s, aboriginal disadvantages became aware in the eyes of some of the majority and what they could do to address it. They recognised the potential to form a grassroots reform movement to bring the rights and protection of Australian citizenship to the dispossessed aboriginal population. From the late 1950s, aboriginal and non-aboriginal activist came together to campaign for equal rights for indigenous Australians and to bring about the dismantle of laws which deprived the indigenous Australians of civil rights. The Australian civil rights movement...
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