...11-25 million animals are used in conjunction with research, more specifically the testing process. When it comes to animal testing there are several environmental conditions that are affected and bypassed by several individual, or research facilities. It is important to recognize and understand the negative consequences of animal testing with regards to our environment. It is essential that the effects of animal testing on the environment be brought to light on a factual level as opposed to an opinionated thought. Through the years there has been exponential growth in the use of animals in experiments, especially with the testing of soon to be consumer products. This noticeable and documented increase has directly impacted environmental pollution. This expansion of animal testing, has created laboratories to produce more byproducts. While the majority of laboratories do not participate in recycle programs, developing an amplification of waste in the environment. Bedding, needles, syringes, and other biohazards are not disposed of properly because of the lack of laboratories using the recycle...
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...Animal Testing Every year over 100 million animals are killed due to animal testing (“Experiment”). Animals have been used for testing throughout history. Some individuals agree with animal testing but do not think about the harm scientist cause animals. Humans take their studies to the extreme by putting any product on animals not thinking about the consequences. Individuals do not think about how the products they are using were tested; they don’t realize what scientist did to test the product in order for them to use without having an issue. Animal testing shouldn’t be allowed to test any products or for medical studies; it is unethical and many animals are abused and harmed in various ways. Throughout history the practice of...
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...Essay Animal Testing Twenty million animals are killed annually as a result of animal testing. Approximately fifteen million of these deaths can be attributed to medical research. The belief that animal testing is necessary in the development of medical treatments, prescription drugs, cures and vaccines, is a common misconception; test results are often inaccurate therefore using animals for medical testing is not only cruel to the animals but it’s also dangerous for humans. There are a rising number of scientists, doctors and healthcare professionals who are extremely opposed to medical testing on animals. It is believed among this group that results obtained from animal experiments cannot be safely applied to humans because 83% of substances are metabolized differently by animals than humans. Records show that less than 2% of illnesses found in humans exist in the animal kingdom; that is until scientists put them there. Most drugs available today were originally tested on animals; however, four out of ten patients who take prescription drugs will suffer from severe side effects. Over two million people are hospitalized annually because of prescription drug side effects and hundreds of thousands die. There are also the many prescription drugs that are recalled after they’ve been on the market for several years; this is a direct result of inadequate testing before FDA approval. Pharmaceutical companies claim to have positive results from animal testing; however...
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...Position Paper – The Pros and Cons of Animal Experimentation The Pros and Cons of Animal Experimentation Animal research has had a major role in many scientific and medical advances. It has both its advantages and disadvantages. “Moreover,” animal experimentation is an extremely controversial subject that has divided people into a group that either support animal testing or oppose it all together, and another that advocates the use of alternatives. There are many pros and cons when it comes to this subject. People all over the world have different opinions on weather animal lab testing is humane and necessary. Animal experimentation is unethical due to the practice of animal torture and suffering, animal choice and death of these animals. Animal experimentation (noun): any type of experiment performed on living animals, especially in order to test the effects of chemical compounds such as new drugs, cosmetics, food additives and pesticides (Animal experimentation, 2001). All over the world, people think differently on whether animal experimentation is an appropriate way to test medicines and products. Each year in the United States, an estimated 70 million animals are maimed, blinded, scalded, force-fed chemicals, genetically manipulated, and otherwise hurt and killed in the name of science, by private institutions, household product and cosmetics companies, government agencies, educational institutions, and scientific centers. Substances we use every day, such...
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...Argumentative Essay.docx2/ 4 Baneen ZiaUH Honors CollegeEvery year, millions of animals suffer tremendous pain as a result of scientific studies, commercial testing, and medical research in the United States. Animal testing, the method of using non—humans in means of research, requires the captivity of animal in order to experiment for human breakthroughs and advancements. Although a few of the countless experiments performed contribute to the act of improving lives through the discovery of cures, researchers risk the lives of many and harm these animals in the process. The natural lives of animals become disrupted and these animals forcefully enter studies in which they will most likely undergo pain or, unfortunately, death. The unjust and inhumane treatment of animals in experimentations to innovate and benefit the human race is unnecessary, misleading, and unethical, and therefore, should not be performed for biomedical research. Animal testing estimates 26 million animals used for biomedical research each year in America. By testing the toxicity of drugs or the effectiveness of medications, scientists use animals to understand the human body without actually causing harm to it. The three methods of testing include toxicology research, pure research, and applied research for an under the intentionof discovering effects of such medications and bearing direct outcomes. Scientific researchers use animals to understand the human anatomy without causing impairment to the human race...
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...ability of a test substance to irritate or damage the eye. This kind of needless torture happens hundreds of times every day as scientists don’t even care if the animal is suffering. Animal testing should be banned because we don’t need the next eyeliner and we have a different body system than animals. Claim: My claim is that we should not do animal testing. First Argument: The first reason why is that they kill animals just to have the next medicine,soap, and food ingredient. My first piece of evidence: Right now there are millions of animals such as dogs, cats, rats, mice, and primates getting tortured just to get the next product of eyeliner. In a recent article by PETA they said that “More than 100 million animals every year suffer and die in cruel chemical, drug, food, and cosmetics tests”(PETA), just to see if the products work. There are some countries such as Europe are getting away from buying products that were animal tested. China is different, they are continuing to sell animal cosmetics. What are cosmetics? A product applied to the body, especially the face, to improve its appearance. In 2014 “China spent 26.3 billion dollars, just on cosmetics”(Jeanne Kim). This proves that people should not kill animals just to get the next resource. The second piece of evidence: Animals are suffering mentally and physically in the facilities where they are getting treated. In the “United States there are over 1,100 facilities” where dogs, cats...
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...the economic market. The corporations of cosmetics are the main supplies of the beauty products. As the blooming development of cosmetics industries, some phenomenon is involved in argument, which have exert an harm on people and the society even though they do not violate the current law. In this research paper, three main ethics problem will be discussed. This paper will give a brief background on each phenomenon, and then give the arguments and problems of it by using the ethics theories and case. Finally, some suggestions and measurement will be given to each problem. Key words: ethics, animal-test, advertising manipulate, double standard, Corporate social responsibility Introduction Cosmetics industry is called “the beauty economy”, devoted to develop the products of skincare and make-up both for woman and man. Due to the pressure from employment and mating (lipstick effect), people, especially woman most likely tend to spend their money on buying cosmetics, in order to enhance their beauty on their appearance and body. Consumers in America spend $45 Billion on cosmetics and beauty products the cosmetics industry makes billions of dollars each year from people's quest for great skin. Different from other industries like clothing or automobile, beauty products are directly applied to consumer and absorbed by people. Thus, standards and rules in cosmetics industry are strictly high for protecting consumer from harm. Although companies followed standards and...
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...opposite ends of the spectrum when it comes to research through animal testing. The opinions vary and the passion runs deep. Both sides have extremely intelligent people, such as doctors and scientists, that argue vehemently for their opinion. While both sides present equally convincing arguments, there are downsides to each and a compromise must be reached. Many people, such as Dr. Andre Menache, who has campaigned against animal testing for over thirty years, would argue that animal testing is cruel and simply not worth it. According to Menache, “if we rely on animals to predict human response, we will get the right answer only 33% of the time. This figure is based on the correlation between preclinical...
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...Why Animal Testing should be Prohibited Alexandria McConnell 6/4/2015 ENG/130 Maureen Chisholm It is estimated that about 26 million animals are being used every year in the US for scientific and commercial research. They are used for many different things such as medical developments, the safety of products, and many other health care and cosmetic uses. While there are some laws in place that prevent the abuse of animals in these testing laboratories, many of these test subjects face cruel and inhumane treatment. There are alternative and equally effective ways to study and conduct research for such treatments, and although there have been proven benefits to some of the research conducted on these defenseless animals, the harsh effects of the experiments should not be overlooked or ignored. Animals are put through excruciating pain and usually given no anesthesia or relief during many of the test experiments performed in these laboratories. They are often forced to ingest and inhale deadly concoctions to study whether or not it would be safe for human consumption. It is also not uncommon for them to be deprived of food and water for prolonged periods of time. Animal test subjects are also being intentionally injured to study the healing process and the effects of pain and remedies of such, and sometimes purposely killed. A common test performed is the LD50, or lethal dose 50. This test involves giving animal large doses of chemicals to find out how much will kill...
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...Animal Testing is Animal Cruelty We, as humans, have made numerous advancements in the world. We have firmly established the scientific evolution, but in doing so, it seems that our ethics and morals have failed to progress as well. The knowledge we have acquired is remarkable, but with it comes responsibility to use it wisely and ethically. We torture and heartlessly kill creatures that we arrogantly consider lesser beings simply at our disposal. For something as simple as eye makeup animals are tortured and blinded by tests performed at the laboratory. Where they are hardly fed, often forced to live in filth, and sometimes have their vocal cords removed to keep them quiet (CAAT). We are systematically cutting down the last forest that provides their shelter to farm cattle; we dump toxic chemicals and sewage into the waters in which they live; we wear and display the tusks of the last few of their species in our homes, and we pour cosmetic products into their eyes and body parts to determine the harmful effects they might cause on humans, even though the physiological differentiation between humans and the animals they use is drastic. On a daily basis most people do not see their own degree of unintentional support towards this global dilemma, but when compiled on paper one must question how mankind can, with conscience, commit these acts which shame us as human beings. Animals possess the same kinds of feelings and emotions as human beings, and without anesthesia, they...
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...It has been proven that animal testing is widely ineffective. According to PETA, “It’s [animal testing] archaic. Forwardthinking scientists have developed humane, modern, and effective nonanimal research methods, including humanbased microdosing, in vitro technology, humanpatient simulators, and sophisticated computer modeling, that are cheaper, faster, and more accurate than animal tests. Although human microdosing, in vitro technology, and humanpatient simulations work effectively, computer modeling is the best. Human microdosing is a way to test on a human subject. “Volunteers are given an extremely small onetime drug dose, and sophisticated imaging techniques are used to monitor how the drug behaves in the body. Microdosing can replace...
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...Humans have used animals for different uses. They have been used for food, clothing farm work and a variety of other uses. So using them to test new medical advances is different. Animal testing for medical purpose help saves lives and future generations. Animal testing should be continued for the use within the medical field. The ancient Greeks believed that animals were created by the gods to be used however people wish. The Bible says God gave man dominions “over the fish of the sea, over the birds of the air, and over the cattle, over all the earth and over every creeping things that creeps on the earth” (Genesis 9:1-3). The ancient Greeks and Romans influenced the laws of western civilization. The western civilization had no laws saying what you could not do to an animal no matter how cruel or unnecessary the act was (Thorburn). To some people animals have no rights at all while to others animals have rights and should not fell unnecessary pain and suffering. The people who believe animals have no rights; and use them just for their benefits but there is a line that should not be crossed animals do have feelings and some rights. The new movement of animal right groups has some good points like human like primates should not be used in testing like chimpanzees. The first law put in place by western civilizations was in the Massachusetts Bay colony. The law states that it is illegal to exercise any tyranny or cruelty towards any animal which are kept for use by humans...
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...Can Animals be used Animal Testing? Name: Institution: CAN ANIMALS BE USED IN ANIMAL TESTING? Thesis statement: This paper discusses research on how animal testing brings more medical advancement and less human-based experiments and sees if there are any alternatives to the use of animals in research since it is a practice of animal cruelty. Introduction Animal Testing refers to strategies done on living creatures for reasons of exploration into fundamental science and ailments, surveying the adequacy of new drugs, and examining the human health. The processes involved in this testing, even those that are seen to have no significant effect, still cause the animals bodily as well as mental pain and suffering. Often these processes cause a great deal of distress. Some animals are re-used in the succeeding experiments while others are killed at the end of the experiment. Approximately 115 million animals are estimated to be used every year in the world for laboratory experiments (Dawkins, 2012). However, only a few countries assemble and publish the data about the use of animal in testing and research. For instance, about 90 percent of the animals are used in laboratories in the United States. This statistics excludes species, for example, mice and birds, fish, reptiles and invertebrates, thus these figures presented by the U.S, Department of Agriculture is considerably underestimated. Countries in Europe such as France, United Kingdom, and Germany are among those using animals highly...
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...Animal testing is a cruel way of trying to find results for human advancement. It doesn't matter if the testing is for drugs, cosmetics, or toxicology, they are all harmful and cruel to animals. I think a new way of testing should be considered when trying to test new products. For example, the use of human volunteers perhaps. People who are sick with the illness could volunteer their bodies so scientists could experiment on them, so hopefully they could find a cure. There is also the argument that the reaction of a drug in an animal's body is quite different from the reaction in a human. Humans could react differently to certain diseases and medications that are tested on. If scientist test on a human and that drug works then we can be much more certain that it will work on other humans as well. Even though animal test may reduce some negative effects and may reduce human suffering it still isn't right on many accounts. Animal testing is an unfair and excruciating process that innocent animals have to endure. It's morally wrong to inflict pain on one species in order to help...
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...Imagine this situation: a new company is testing an eye care product on a subject. In the test, a substance is placed in one eye of the subject, with the other eye serving as a control. The subjects are restrained, preventing them from responding naturally to the irritation, and their eyes are evaluated after one hour and then at 24-hour intervals for up to 14 days. Some continue to be evaluated up to three weeks later. The level of irritation to the eyes is scored numerically by observation of the three major tissues of the eye (cornea, conjunctiva, and iris). The subjects suffer from redness, bleeding, ulcers, and even blindness, and are likely killed upon completion of the experiment. The subjects were in fact rabbits in tests called “animal testing.” Animal testing has raised huge debates worldwide that has raised many questions. How important is animal testing for us humans? Are the results going to be the same? Most importantly, should we ban animal testing for the sake of the animals? Animal testing is a phrase that most people have heard but are perhaps still unsure of exactly what is involved. Whether it is called animal testing, animal experimentation or animal research, it refers to the experimentation carried out on animals. It is used to assess the safety and effectiveness of everything from medication to cosmetics, as well as understanding how the human body works. Animal testing, also known as animal research, plays a crucial role in scientists' understanding of...
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