...Semiotics: Signs, Syntax, and Linguistics Describe Advertising Mickey Mouse ears, sleigh bells, snowflakes, dog houses, mail boxes, and stop signs; chances are you know at least one of these things if not more. How do we describe them? In what way are they described to us? And above all How do we recognize and accept these things? The theory of semiotics aims to explain how we recognize these symbols in our lives and, more importantly tries to describe the way we communicate to, with, and around objects. The theory of semiotics has been around since the late 1800’s. A Swiss linguist, Ferdinand de Saussure developed the theory and explained it early on as the use of language and how certain symbols and objects obtain meaning. The theory or science of signs and their meanings became known popularly as semiotics. Language is something of a system of mutually defining entities. Saussure distinguished between diachronic and synchronic linguistics. Simply put the use of linguistics defines objects and the way that we, as a culture, see and describe the world with which we interact. From its inception the theory of semiotics has been useful in regards to all different aspects of communication. It can be used to examine persuasion, social interaction theory, media cultivation and penetration theories as well as interpersonal communication. This wide range of applications for this theory make it particularly pertinent to the discipline of communication. Large companies...
Words: 2285 - Pages: 10
...Annotated Bibliography & Outline for Gender Identity Paper Outline I. Introduction II. What is gender Identity? III. Gender Discrimination A. Male B. Female IV. Appearance V. Gender and Interpersonal VI. Development a. Sex role stereotypes VII. Environmental factors VIII. Conclusion Introduction Throughout this paper I will be talking about gender identity which I have done a research. I will be using different several articles that researched on gender identity and will share the information I got out of the articles. Gender identity is something that most of the time goes unnoticed and lot of people are afraid to be who they are. What is gender identity? Gender Identity (1988) Social Psychology Quarterly, Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stables/2786925 This article talks about gender identity, self-esteem, physical and sexual abuse in dating relationships. The article gives important information about gender identity. The researchers had examined the roles of gender identity and self-esteem in both physical and sexual abuse in dating relationships. Gender Discrimination Race and Gender Discrimination, (2009). Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2118176 This article focuses on gender discrimination and race on buying cars. The information presented in the article goes depth into highlighting how sellers sometimes can use race or gender to sell cars to their buyers. Example could be male via...
Words: 874 - Pages: 4
...Annotated Bibliography 1. Gourdine, R. M., & Lemmons, B. P. (2011). Perceptions of Misogyny in Hip Hop and Rap: What Do the Youths Think?. Journal of Human Behavior in The Socialn Environment, 21(1), 57-72. doi:10.1080/10911359.2011.533576 http://proxy.lib.sfu.ca/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=57830873&site=ehost-live The article mainly talks about perceptions of youth about Rap music and Hip Hop, especially the culture of Hip Hop and Rap relate to misogyny. It also found that lyrics and youth can influence each other. I will use this article in my background of the article and when I am writing about why female rapper and male rapper has different stereotype to performance, this article will be used in my paragraph to help me to prove. 2. Herd, D 2015, 'Conflicting Paradigms on Gender and Sexuality in Rap Music: A Systematic Review', Sexuality & Culture, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 577-589. http://proxy.lib.sfu.ca/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=103736967&site=ehost-live This article believes that rap music has major social and cultural importance for American and global youth. It also proves that lyrical content may influence sexual attitudes and behavior of youth by comparing lyrics related to sexuality and gender in rap music. This article will be...
Words: 360 - Pages: 2
...------------------------------------------------- SPO1007: Sport in Context To be submitted by Wednesday 23rd March, 2016. ------------------------------------------------- An annotated bibliography of sports history related to ONE of the issues discussed in the module (class, gender or ‘race’) * 1500 words individual assignment * Summarising and evaluating the quality of 3 relevant articles * Exploring how the past can help explain the present in sport * SUBMIT your assignment ONLINE “An annotated bibliography of sports history related to one of the issues discussed in the module” The issue I have selected is Race. I have chosen three articles the articles I have chosen are as followed. “The Myth of Racial superiority in sports” this article was taken from the week 8b seminar, the second article is “'Race', sport, and British society” this article was retrieved from a literature search on nelson. The final article is “Why Black People Are Good at Sports” this article was from a web search. * A brief description of how you found the article and why you selected it * A summary of the key content of each article, related to your chosen topic – ‘race’, class or gender (main arguments, key concepts used, sporting examples used, etc.) * A quote taken directly from the article highlighting one of the main arguments (correctly referenced) * Show how the historical knowledge from the article can help us understand contemporary sport *...
Words: 1130 - Pages: 5
...I Am Not My Sexuality: Annotated Bibliography and Outline Unit 5 Course 5334 Annotated Bibliography Aldrich, R. (2004). Homosexuality and the city: an historical overview. Urban Studies, 41(9), 1719-1737. Aldrich gives a historical overview of the history of homosexuality. He goes back to the Roman times and discusses Sodom and Gomorrah and continues to the present day. He makes mention of how homosexuals left various cities to escape the traditional life constraints and went to other cities to begin transforming the city into much construction of the gay and lesbian culture. Bonilla, L & Porter, J (1990). A comparison of latino, black, and non-hispanic white attitudes toward homosexuality. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 12(4), 437-452. This article discusses Latinos, Blacks, and non Hispanic whites attitudes towards homosexuality. It has been researched that the Latino culture is more inclined than blacks and non whites to believe that homosexuality and the spread of AIDS are invariably related. This one assumption has the capacity to cause the rights of homosexuals to be restricted. Goldsmith, S. J. (2001). Oepipus or orestes? Homosexual men, their mothers, and other women revisited. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 49 (4), 1269-1287. The author of this article discusses gender roles and how they have an effect on the sexuality of men and women. He mentions when people sense femininity in a man it causes them to fear that man simply...
Words: 2359 - Pages: 10
...December 10, 2012 Gender Inequality: How Women get the Short Stick Gender equality and gender roles go hand in hand in today’s economy. These two concepts complement each other to the extent in which one must know about both to fully understand the capacity of either. Gender roles are roles each sex is given. These are stereotypical things. For example, things like women cook and males work. In todays economy men and women are not equal. Gender inequality and gender roles are one of our countries biggest issues. Gender is how people are seen by society. This is imprinted in the brain at a young age and is formed and molded through childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and late adulthood. Each stage comes with different ideas about gender and power. Childhood is the point in life where the environment most influences the formation of gender schemas and stereotypes. Gender schemas are an important part of understanding how a person sees the opposite sex. Gender Schemas are “the generalizations that children develop about the differences between boys and girls” (Stevenson 3). On the other hand there is stereotyping. Stereotyping is also process that begins during childhood. Young children know that male stereotypes are high in power whereas female stereotypes convey fear and helplessness. Children are influenced by information about gender from family, peers, and the media (Stevenson 3). This justifies the argument that men and women aren’t treated equal. Gender Roles are evident...
Words: 1780 - Pages: 8
...Gender Roles and Disney The Disney princess has become one of the most iconic symbols of Walt’s ever growing empire. The disney Princess’ franchise first began in 1937 with the movie Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs making Snow White the first princess in the now infamous princess lineup. The franchise continues with the most recent disney princess movie Tangled ( Rapunzel) which came out in 2011. Disney and their filmmakers caused great controversy with their princess’ such as race. Disney broke their european tradition by adding their first African American Princess to the line up. Princess Tiana of The Princess and the Frog in 2009 which still caused controversy. Another one of Disney’s biggest controversial topics was gender roles and how women and men are portrayed in these disney films. Gender roles are separate patterns of personality traits, mannerisms, interests, attitudes, and behaviors that are regarded as either "male" or "female" by one's culture. They are what is considered the “ Norm” for the male and female sex. There are stereotypical behaviors normally associated with either gender such as Women are suppose to be more passive aggressive, overly emotional, and illogical, just to name a few characteristics. While men tend to be more tough or in control, leaders, Not crying or wimpy and a womanizer As suggested in Kimmel’s “ Bros before Hos”: The Guy Code in Language Awareness (469). These same messages are often presented to children through the media they...
Words: 2407 - Pages: 10
...Annotated Bibliography BSHS/345 Diversity and Special Populations Annotated Bibliography Arab Culture: Learn about Arab etiquette and protocols. (2004). In Planet Egypt online. Retrieved from http://www.planetegypt.co.uk/samoora.shtml This article discusses the difference between Arab, Middle-Eastern and Muslim people. The author talks about the region in which a person is from, as well as language and religion is what determines which group one would identify with. The history and cultures of Arabic people are provided in this article. Cacho, L. M. (2001). Asian Americans. University of Hawaii Press The article discusses the relationships between Asian Americans and their families. The author explains how they have to deal with certain stereotypes in order to succeed in a place where they are Americans, but still considered to be foreigners. The article is a good resource for understanding how Asian Americans feel in a country where so many barriers are placed upon them. Caroll, S.R. (1994, December). Why poor black children succeed or fail. Chicago Tribune. Retrieved from http://www.chicagotribune.com/africanamericancultue The conceptual article begins with the broad discussion about African American culture. It projects today’s youth and the inconsistency of what Americans idolize as equality in school systems. It discusses the present’s findings of family and individual studies that factor in the high and low achieving African-American students...
Words: 2515 - Pages: 11
...Megan Williams Dr. O’Hara EN314 October 29, 2015 Annotated Bibliography: The Canterbury Tales Hansen, Elaine Tuttle. "The Wife of Bath and the Mark of Adam." Women's Studies 15.4 (1988): 399-416. JSTOR [JSTOR]. Web. 26 Oct. 2015. Hansen has two facets of her argument about The Wife of Bath from Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales. The first explains how important the Wife is to the feminist critic, while the second paradoxically argues that she can be looked at as antifeminist based on the fact that she is a speaker that in reality is the voice of a man. Her views are manipulated and characterized by a man, therefore they do not allow a true woman's voice to be heard. In part one of her argument she is in favor of the idea of the Wife of Bath...
Words: 1499 - Pages: 6
...Annotated Bibliography Chima, F. (2005). Persons with Disabilities and Employment. Journal of Social Work in Disability & Rehabilitation, 4(3), 39-60. doi:10.1300/J198v04n03_05 The author of Persons with Disabilities and Employment has a PhD in Social Work from the University of Texas. This article was published within the Journal of Social Work in Disability & Rehabilitation. Throughout the article Chima mentions various definitions of the term “disability”, along with the history behind persons with disabilities. Starting with a detailed history of the Americans Disability Act. Chima describes social behaviour barriers, old stereotypes or stigmas, which continue to be evident in society today. The article states “people with disabilities...
Words: 1220 - Pages: 5
...Annotated Bibliography Cynthia Beckner South University Online PSY2002: April 30, 2013 Topic 1: Early Childhood: 1). Linda Knight (2009). Dreaming of other spaces: What do we think about when we draw? The Psychology of Education Review, Vol. 33, No. 1, March 2009 The article focuses on the enhancement of the learning process during early childhood development by the engagement of adults with children as they draw, and the interpretations of these drawings. By being engaged with young children as they express themselves on paper, allows the visualization of the child’s “thought” process as they are drawing. Along with the many applications of childhood developmental theories, the interpretation of a young child’s doodling is now perceived through Deleuzians and Guattarians dreaming concepts and Foucauldians heterotopic space concepts (Knight, 2009). Foucault’s concept of heterotopic space suggests that the young drawer visits his own imaginary space while doodling. This is a place where the child is free to imagine, free to choose, and free to express. Deleuzian’s and Guattarian’s concept suggests the child be free to be chaotic and unpredictable. Being able to dream allows the child to disconnect from the work and make his own connections. Examining and interacting with a child and his artwork can give us insight to emotional, cognitive, and physical development to the child. To a small child, scribbling can aid in muscle coordination, emotional release and...
Words: 1494 - Pages: 6
...outcomes of events that occur in a person’s life is the product of the concept of self-fulfilling prophecy. In this article, we will address these questions as follow. First, we present the definition of the self-fulfilling prophecies. Second, we will look at the process of the self-fulfilling prophecy and how it is applied in our everyday life. We subsequently identify the effects of the self-fulfilling prophecy. Fourth, we will discuss the relation of self-fulfilling prophecy to stereotypes. Finally, we will conclude by weighing up the pros and cons of the self-fulfilling prophecy and how it can be fully utilised in an organisation. 3. Applications of Self-Fulfilling Prophecies Three steps are involved in the self-fulfilling prophecy process (McShane, Olekalns & Travaglione, 2012). Process begins when Stage (1) * Defining attitudes, and beliefs of its members * Employer interacts with employee who present highly visible and distinctive characteristics (includes gender, social class, disability, occupation or race) * First impressions or expectations set to the employee are based on assumptions about the characteristics dictated by the employers’s previous experience or by conformity to...
Words: 2554 - Pages: 11
...Every spring avid sports fans look forward to the biggest college basketball tournament of the year, most commonly known as March Madness. This competition consists of both men’s and women’s NCAA basketball teams who compete in hopes of making it to the respected and heavily televised Final Four. The Final Four is the last game for each remaining team before the National Championship game, where the two deserving teams are matched up against each other. This series of competition creates a rich supply of content for sports media networks to influence viewer’s values and attitudes. Networks have become increasingly knowledgeable and schematic in using sport entertainment as a way to promote their ideologies, values, commercialization and interpretations of sport. Studies have found that people turn to sports in the media for entertainment. The different forms of media are evolving and moving in a more prevalent direction than they have been in the past. With the explosive growth of internet users in the past decade, media companies have created a domain where they can input their interpretations of sporting events and coverage. These domains have become dominated by the 18-34-year-old demographic (Kian, Mondello & Vincent 2009) who use websites such as ESPN, the most widely used website for obtaining sports related news (Lefton, 2006 as cited in Battenfield, Redmond & Ridinger 2014), and Sports Illustrated to read about upcoming games, watch live coverage, or get the low...
Words: 4713 - Pages: 19
...might be in better shape if women were more often in charge. Women’s approach to leadership may be more effective than men’s. Several literatures prove that women behave differently as leaders because of the demands society places on them and their internalization of those demands. Because people tend to be less willing to tolerate a tough, authoritarian, and unfeminine style in women, they tend to take a more democratic and collaborative approach. Although women continue to face immense challenges in getting to the top, there is empirical evidence that suggest considerable progress being made toward gender parity in both the private and public domain. Toward this end, his paper agues that though men continue to hold a supper majority of leadership positions, women being both transformational and transactional leaders, make better leaders than men. Keywords: women leadership; gender; transformational; transactional INTRODUCTION For a long time now, men have held every major leadership role in the world than women. Does society ever pause for a moment to wonder what the world would look like if women were in position of leadership? Although this concept may seem far fetched, indeed the world and time is changing considerably. From time to time, men’s leadership dominance in many parts of the world has resulted to massive social, political and economic failures including rampant corrupt, bankruptcy, abject poverty and war ridden societies. Men’s leadership has been marked...
Words: 4557 - Pages: 19
...Poverty is a global phenomenon affecting every country. According the United Nations, poverty is the inability to seek basic needs such as food, clothing and shelter based on the incapability of not having enough money. However, it is not all about the inability to seek basic needs but beyond that. “It is about the denial of opportunities and choices that are widely regarded as essential to lead a long, healthy, creative life and to enjoy a decent standard of living, freedom, dignity, self-esteem and the respect of others” (United Nations- Global Teaching and Learning Project, 2014, 1). Poverty makes other major problems worse including slave labour, human trafficking and the spread of diseases. However, the root cause of these global issues is the relationship between poverty and the lack of education. The big question is whether increased education will reduce poverty or, is a lack of education a result of poverty? Increased education can lead to the reduction of poverty by providing people with learning skills to get a job and provide a source of income. Education has the most crucial role in eliminating poverty as with education there are many more opportunities. For the eradication of poverty, primary education is essential because with the increase in education, people will not lack cognitive skills- being able to progress better. (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 2001; Brown, J., Pollitt, E. Malnutrition, 1996). A counter argument is...
Words: 2826 - Pages: 12
