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Atomic S

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Submitted By stevenk8
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Study of Atomic Spectra using a Spectrometer
Name: Steven Kenny
Date: 10/11/2015
Lab Partner: Eóghan Fitzsimons
Student Number: 14307559
Abstract
The aim of this experiment is to investigate the atomic spectra of sodium and hydrogen and to accurately determine the wavelengths of the spectral lines in each case. This is done by using a spectrometer. The experiment was carried out in two parts. The first determining the wavelength of sodium spectral lines and the second investigating the spectrum of hydrogen. In part one, the separation of lines was 593.72. This allowed the wavelengths of each spectral line to be calculated. However, the spectrometer broke while carrying out part two of the experiment and values were calculated using values from literature. The Rydberg constant was calculated from the slope of a plotted graph and was 0.0000002. The value of no was 0.06131.
Introduction and Theory
The spectrometer is an instrument which tracks the angular separation of paths of light of different wavelengths from a discharge lamp passing through a dispersing element. A spectrum is produced. The wavelengths are produced when electron return from an excited state to a lower energy releasing light waves. The two diffracting gradients used in this experiment was 300 lines/mm and 600 lines/mm. The gratings behave like secondary waves when light is incident on them. The secondary waves will coincide. Where they collide is called the constructive interference. The condition for constructive interface is given by: 1) dsin(ϴ)=mλ………m= integer, λ= wavelength of light and ϴ= angle.
For this experiment, the first and second order of each wavelength is visible. (m=1, 2)
Neil Bohr predicted the observed lines in the spectrum of light emitted by hydrogen. This relationship is known as the Rydberg Formula. It is given by: 2) 1/ λ=R*((1/n02)-(1/n12))….. R=Rydberg

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