...Does culture influence auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia? Introduction Approximately 70% of patients with schizophrenia hear voices making auditory hallucinations the most common type of hallucination for people with schizophrenia. For many patients, these voices are disabling and greatly affect individuals’ daily lives. In the US, these voices are often violent, causing fear and distress in patients. Many patients describe their voices as telling them to perform specific violent acts towards both others and themselves (including suicide). While much of the literature focuses on these types of violent voices, most of these studies are centered on patients in western countries, and specifically patients in the US....
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...Drug use, Dangers and Preventions | Final Project | | Chris Furtado | 12/7/2011 | Chris Furtado Crim 120 12/7/11 Final Project Option #3: Drug use and prevention. For my final project I’m focusing on illegal drug use in the juvenile society and how it affects their livelihoods, the different types of drugs teens are becoming addicted to and what new types of drugs they are experimenting with in their society, and why they choose to start using drugs. I will be researching the street cost of these drugs, and the ways that they are being introduced into the American market and juveniles are profiting from it, as well as researching the pharmacology, psychology, sociology, treatment, and the business of drugs. Then I will be finalizing my research with ways to prevent juveniles from becoming addicted to these types of drugs and who to further education juveniles about the dangers and harms of drug use. Researchers have determined that “youngsters who have conduct problems are more likely than others to be exposed to illicit drugs” (Abadinsky: 21). Most juveniles who have emotional and behavioral problems are more than likely to start abusing alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs, according to a study done by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). The study done by the (SAMHSA) also found that juveniles were inclined toward substance abuse admitted to delinquent behavior such as stealing, cutting classes or skipping school, and...
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...Substance Abuse and Psychosis in Adolescents Over the past several decades, the U.S. population has grown significantly and continues to do so at a rapid pace. The most recent U.S. Census Bureau figures estimate that the population in the United States is currently nearing 304,800,000. Of this tremendous number, approximately one quarter are children under that age of eighteen years and over 40 million are adolescents (U.S. Census Bureau, 2001a). For the purpose of this examination, we will define adolescents as individuals between the ages of ten and eighteen years, although it is important to keep in mind that there are many different definitions and understandings of adolescents, most of which are not as directly related to chronological age (Santrock, 2001). Adolescents are a very special population because these are often the years in which childhood and adulthood become blurred, roles, expectations and needs change, as well as significant physical and psychological growth. As we also know, experimentation is often characteristic of adolescence and this experimentation can be physical, sexual or philosophical; all of which may possibly lead to drug use. This paper seeks to examine the question of whether or not drug abuse is related to psychosis in adolescents. Literature Review Adolescent Drug Use According to a national study in 2006, over 60 percent of reported that drugs were used, kept and sold on their school campuses on a regular basis. ...
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...How do dreams differ in people with schizophrenia to from those without the disorder? Kristin Staub Brookfield High School Dreaming is a vital part in sleeping, yet in some individuals it interferes in their waking state. For example, schizophrenics have hallucinatory images while they’re not sleeping causing some psychologists to speculate why this happens. People without the disorder and other people with other disorders have been found to dream while they’re in REM sleep which is a major mental process that allows people to dream. The following articles, “Sleep Fantasy in Normal and Schizophrenic Persons,” “An Extension of Freud and Jung’s Theory of Relation of Dream States to Schizophrenia,” “The Neurochemistry of Waking and Sleeping Mental Activity: The Disinhibition-Dopamine Hypothesis,” “Dream Content of Schizophrenics, Nonschizophrenic Mentally Ill, and community Control Adolescents,” “Sleep Disturbance in Schizophrenia” “Rorschach Responses Subsequent to REM Deprivation in Schizophrenic and Nonschizophrenic Patients,” attempt to explain the problem statement: How do dreams differ in people with schizophrenia to those without the disorder, through REM sleep in normal individuals and schizophrenics. Dream content will also be investigated to answer the problem statement and certain sleep habits. In addition Jung’s and Freud’s theory attempt to explain how dreaming is connected with schizophrenia in their conscious state rather than in their sleeping state through...
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...The Effects of Meth: Psychosis Scott Houston COM/156 March, 2014 Michelle Salman The Effects of Meth: Psychosis Crystal Methamphetamine was invented in 1887. During WW-II it was widely used by both sides, The Allies and The Axis . Biker gangs in America manufactured and distributed water soluble (injectable) meth throughout the 1970’s and 1980’s. Mexican cartels opened up large manufacturing operations in Mexico and the U.S. and the abuse spread. Most people familiar with the drug knows it has many adverse effects on the user, from keeping the user awake for up to several days at a time, to delusions and paranoia. As well there are physical effects such as extreme dehydration, skin rashes, and extreme loss of weight. It is a very dangerous and illegal drug. In addition, the most severe effect of its use in large doses, or with extended use, is psychosis. Reports of extreme psychotic behavior have come in from all over the United States and around the world. Methamphetamine psychosis is a serious side effect of methamphetamine use and may seriously affect the user (Gard, 2004). Crystal methamphetamine is a powerful drug which can cause the user to feel euphoria, intense feelings of body tingle, and an overall feeling incomparable to any other illicit drug. The user, looking for the ultimate high, will generally inject the drug into the blood stream via a hypodermic syringe. In this way the user can induce a greater quantity of the drug into the body with a single...
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...talented but mentally ill musician. The two form a friendship, which is complicated by the struggles they have to face when dealing with Ayers’ schizophrenia. Nathanial Ayers is portrayed in the film as having paranoid schizophrenia. Schizophrenia generally consists of three types of symptoms – positive, negative, and cognitive. Positive symptoms are hallucinations, delusions, confused...
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...and post partum depression over a period of 2 years, Andrea Yates drowned all 5 of her children on June 20, 2001. Andrea Yates was born on July 2, 1964 in Houston Texas. She was the youngest and had 4 older siblings. She was an active child and got very involved in school activities. She had graduated high school as Valedictorian. She went on to receive a nursing degree from the University Of Texas Health Science Center and worked as a registered nurse. She met her husband Rusty at age 25, dated for 3 years and married in 1993. After the birth of her 1st child, Noah, she quit nursing and became a stay at home mom. Not long after is when she began to exhibit extremely volatile visions of someone being stabbed and also audio hallucinations of Satan (the devil) speaking to her. She never mentioned these to her husband due to his “Bible-Inspired notions about family and motherhood” and kept these secrets from everyone. That is when Andrea’s postpartum psychosis began but went undiagnosed and untreated. Andrea Yates got involved in, what I would call a religious cult with a preacher named Michael Woroniecki, who called himself a “self-proclaimed prophet” . Both he and Andrea believed that “it was better to kill oneself than to mislead a child in the way of Jesus” and this statement is what she would repeat later when she was in prison for killing all of her children. She continued to have 4 more children for a total of 5 but right before the birth of her last child...
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...Jim Stevens’ poem Schizophrenia focuses on the household rather than the residents within it, yet it describes what the family inside must deal with when a member is said to be a schizophrenic—schizophrenia being a mental disorder that causes people to misinterpret reality and can make them suffer from hallucinations, social ineptitude, intense delusions, and paranoia. Though there is little information offered, it is very likely that this disorder caused much of the conflict within the poem. There is enough evidence to deduce that the poem itself could very well be centered on schizophrenia and the distress is can cause, even though it is never clearly stated aside from the title itself. There are no characters formally introduced and are only vaguely alluded to in a past-tense style, making it difficult to decipher if the disorder is truly the culprit....
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...A Beautiful Mind Summarization of A Beautiful Mind Bryan Gudiel College of Southern Nevada What a Beautiful Mind First the story begins in Princeton University at September 1947. John Nash and his colleagues are being introduced to the university. After the introduction the students meet outside for formal party in the school. This is where John first meets Martin Hasson his rival during the film. Martin and John both got to Princeton through the same scholarship. John Nash eventually makes it to his dorm room and eventually meets his roommate Charles Herman. John Nash was very passionate on trying to find a dynamic. John Nash was using a lot of time finding equations and Charles his roommate was frustrated on him not breaking the ice and took him drinking up at the roof where they spoke. The next day John Nash was studying how birds reacted and he tries to calculate their behavior. He then runs into Martin which challenges him on a game. Martian wins the game and talks down to John. Later on John was still stuck on trying to have an original Idea (Find Dynamic), Charles told him to go to the bar to eat some pizza and drink some beer. They went to the bar and you see John Nash playing pool. Martian comes to the bar and looks at his friends that’s calling him at the bar. Martians friend told him that this girl wanted Nash. Martian tells Nash and then Nash left to talk to her. He failed completely on trying to pursue her because he told her he just wanted to sleep with her...
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...to happen and that’s considered a “bad trip”. Someone who is tripping on LSD may experience a sensation feeling , see images or hear sounds that seem extremely real but don’t exist. The effects of LSD can be very unpredictable. It depends on the amount taken, the surroundings which the drug is used, the person’s mood and their personality. It can either go two ways for example feeling an overall sense of happiness and euphoria which is a good trip or feeling paranoid, confused, or depressed which is a bad trip. Some of the physical effects may include dilated pupils, feel dizzy, sweat, fuzzy vision, loss of appetite, feel tingling in their hands and feet. They may feel drowsy but not sleepy. Mental effects may include visual hallucinations, distortion of one’s sense of time and identity, fear of loosing control, panic attacks, terrifying thoughts and feelings etc. The risk of taking this hallucinogen can be severe. There can be a possibility after taking LSD it can lead to a bad trip that will last the whole 12 hours till the drug is done with you. It has been stated that this hallucinogen remains in the body...
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...instability became obvious to his peers. Nash’s first symptom was his erratic and unpredictable behavior; tried to escape his life in the United States, stopped teaching his class, and dressed like a baby. After he told his students that the newspaper had secret messages from outer space intended solely for him, his colleagues and his wife realized the seriousness of his illness. He was hospitalized briefly in a psychiatric hospital but the treatments did not help Nash and his condition worsened. After quitting his teaching position at MIT, Nash would roam Princeton’s campus; talking to himself in the third person, writing illogical postcards, and calling former colleagues to ramble about mathematics. He became consumed by delusions and hallucinations, believing he followed by the communists he continually saw. Nash was also expressing disorganized speech and behavior, making him unpredictable and eventually his wife committed him to a different psychiatric hospital and underwent insulin-coma therapy, a very risky treatment. Throughout several years, Nash was in and out of psychiatric hospitals and took medication. Eventually Nash was able to overcome his schizophrenia without medications, and he returned to teaching and continued his work in mathematics. John Nash’s illness mainly effect his social life; his marriage and relationships with his peers fell apart. But, throughout his illness his work in mathematics continued to be successful. Even when he was overcome with paranoia...
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...Lucid Dreaming Ayeisa Chavez SPCH 1311 MW 8:30 am Irma Garcia March 6, 2013 Imagine going to bed one night only to wake up in a whole other world where anything your heart and mind desired became reality. Flying over clouds, breathing underwater, going to any part of the world or even getting to be with that person you so much desire wasn’t impossible anymore. Well there is a way that can be done, and that’s through something called lucid dreaming. After listening to this presentation I hope you will have a better understanding of the world of lucid dreaming and how it can be done. I will begin by explaining to you in detail what it is exactly. Then, you will learn a few of the benefits gained by this experience and some dangers. Last, I will give you a few simple steps to how it can be done. Sounds exciting, doesn’t it? I know I was! As explained in an article by Rebecca Turner, Lucid dreaming is the proven ability to become aware while you’re dreaming, to consciously “wake up” inside the dream world and control your dreams. In other words, it’s being able to do as you please while you dream. Marshall Brain researched that when you sleep, your brain goes through several stages of a sleep cycle. The cycle that deals with dreams is REM or rapid eye movement which takes up 20 to 25% of sleep and your brain is basically shut off during this period of time. Your body becomes paralyzed except for the eyelids and the part of the brain that deals with logic is shut...
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...[pic] Dream within a dream Are you curious and sometimes maybe a bit baffled by your dreams? Do you wake up with fragments of a dream fresh in your mind and wonder : why was it so real ? well, you are not alone. Sleep scientist wonder the same thing. The sci-fi adventure hit movie,INCEPTION has sparked massive new interest in the concept of lucid dreaming. Lucidity means becoming conscious and self-aware in your dreams, turning the dreamscape into a vivid virtual reality where everything you see, hear, feel, taste and even smell will be just as authentic real life. Tibetan monks have used dream control for more than a thousand years in a philosophy called Dream Yoga. However the modern term ‘lucid dreaming’ was not coined until the 20th century by the Dutch psychiatrist Frederik Van Eeden, meaning ‘mental clarity in dreams’ . The concept of lucid dreams were popularized by Celia Green in the 1960 s. She was the first to point out the link that false awakenings make way to lucid dreams. False awakenings are essentially ultra vivid dreams in which you are convinced you have woken up in physical reality. Yet many such awakenings go unrecognized assumed to be waking reality as they involve things one does everyday on autopilot such as getting up, having breakfast, getting dressed and heading out for work. It thus reveals the remarkable capacity of the human brain to emulate reality. But in normal dreams our self-awareness is shut down. That’s why we often feel fuzzy...
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...Prior and Harper share a “spiritual” moment as a dream for Prior and a hallucination for Harper. The scene serves to show us exactly how Prior is really handling his situation and allows Harper the realization that her husband is gay. The scene is also the first indication of the supernatural that we have in the play though it remains unexplained for now. Up until now Prior has seemed very accepting and light with Louis about his sickness and impending death, he seems to make light of it and joke about it like it doesn't bother him. In this scene we can see that there is more to it than Prior lets on as he sits at the makeup table lamenting how “one never gets what one wants” and how people “die at thirty, robbed of decades of majesty.” Prior is obviously in a down mood, but ends his monologue saying that he knows he's hit rock bottom when “even drag is a drag,” showing that he's so depressed that even his old passion isn't fun. Prior then shows up and neither person freaks out as they both realize that it is a dream, or hallucination in Harper's case. The conversation is very bleak, with Harper also speaking about hopelessness saying life is the “same old ordinariness and falseness rearranged into the appearance of novelty and truth.” The fantastical nature of the dream allows Harper to see that Prior is sick, which shocks him as he doesn't even know this woman. Harper explains that her hallucinations are the “very threshold of revelation” and invites Prior to try. After...
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...Family-Focused Treatment with Youth and Young Adults at Clinical High Risk (CHR) for Psychosis Mary O’Brien, PhD University of California, Los Angeles Attenuated Psychosis Syndrome: DSM-V Conditions for Further Study • At least one of the following symptoms is present in attenuated form, with relatively intact reality testing, and is of sufficient severity or frequency to warrant clinical attention: 1. Delusions 2. Hallucinations 3. Disorganized speech • Symptoms have begun/worsened in the past year • Never met criteria for a psychotic disorder Clinical Characteristics of the Clinical High Risk Sample • At imminent risk - 35% conversion rate within 2.5 years • Average age = 17 (12 – 30) • Most common co-morbid diagnoses: – Major Depressive Disorder 35% – Anxiety Disorders 46% – Attention Deficit Disorders 20% • Global Assessment of Functioning Mean = 47 Why family interventions during the CHR period? • CHR youth tend to be adolescents living with their families. • They are in a developmental stage that requires them to cope with the daily demands of family life. • Parents who bring these youths to clinics are often looking for support and guidance and may be at risk for developing symptoms themselves due to the stress imposed by their youths’ symptoms. What do empirical findings suggest about the potential utility of family interventions during the CHR period? • Evidence from adoption, expressed emotion, and treatment studies indicates that families...
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