... Often people refer to sick people as typhoid Mary. The term Typhoid Mary is referred to a lady named Mary Mallon, born on September 23, 1869 in Ireland. She immigrated to the US in 1883 and brought the typhoid fever. However, from 1900 to 1907 fell ill with Typhoid Fever in households in New York City and Long Island where Mary Mallon worked. Fifty-one original cases of typhoid and three deaths were directly attributed to her, although she herself was immune. Typhoid Mary died on November 11, 1938. Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection. The bacterium lives in the intestines and bloodstream of humans.The cause for typhoid fever is contaminated foods and water, another cause is by Salmonella typhi bacteria. Another cause is direct contact with someone who carries the viruses. Typhoid fever can also be passed on by the carriers who do not know they carry the viruses. Some people are asymptomatic carriers of the typhoid fever, which means that they have the bacteria but it does not affect them. It is rare, but if it is not treated correctly it could appear again. Typhoid fever is common in most parts of the world except in the industrialized regions such as the United States, Canada, Western Europe, and Japan. Travelers that go to Asia, Africa, and Latin America are especially at risk. The highest risk for travelers to get the Typhoid Fever is in South Asia. Typhoid Fever symptoms include long lasting fevers, weakness and fatigue, stomach pains, headache, and loss of your appetite...
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...Lucy deVuono EGL 101 0C1 February 4, 2012 Mod 2 Final A Peak in My Life It was the summer after I turned fifteen. I had never been away from home for this long. It was a three week adventure that I begged to go on. I consumed myself by planning the trip for months. It was going to be the greatest experience of my life. The trip took place in Washington, and included hiking, rafting, canoeing, and, mountain climbing. The three weeks had all been leading up to summiting Mount Saint Helen. The mountain looked beautiful; however, it is also an active volcano. The scenery is absolutely stunning during the day. There were snow covered peaks, and tons of trees. The views took your breath away. At night however it became a big scary mountain in the middle of nowhere. Mount Saint Helens is a vast place that never seems to end. My group and I made it to the base camp that fateful night to set up our site before the big hike the next morning. In contrast to the big mountain, what seemed to be very tiny, tents surrounded the bottom of the peak. We hiked all day, so by the time we got there we had exhausted all of our reserves. The 15 teenagers were mostly inexperienced hikers, but even our counselors who had more skill were worn out from the day. After we set up the tents everyone situated themselves around the fire pit relaxing. At that point the 20 of us were all dirty; we probably smelled horrible. None of us had had a good shower in weeks. There remained a certain...
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...This was case of Mary Mallon. To her, quarantine meant a life of isolation and imprisonment for a disease that she was asymptomatic for. As a "healthy carrier", Mary was considered by the health officials in Manhattan to be too dangerous to be allowed to continue having exposure to society even though she was only infectious when she was cooking. She was presented to the public as a dirty immigrant from Ireland that was heavy in stature, ugly in appearance, and someone who carried and spread the disease to those who were considered to be "American" (Walzer, Typhoid Mary: Captive to the Public's Health, 13). She was deemed unmanageable due to the temper shown as she was accused of being infected with a disease that one only got if they were...
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...Summary Leigh Dayton argues about the risk of using cannabis in her article “Dope Head” which was published in The Weekend Australia on November 5-6, 2005. She states that cannabis leads to an increased risk of mental health problems and provides some research and evidence to proof her points of view. First, the author supports her argument by referring two academic experts’ opinions to blame cannabis. Second, the author outlines some research findings which support more evidence and concludes that regular cannabis use may increase risks of psychosis. Moreover, she states out another finding that cannabis can be used to relieve distress. Third, the author notes that young brains have higher potential being damaged from cannabis and the age at which people start to use cannabis is decreasing. According to a professional journal provides by the author, the cannabis is stronger than before. Next, the author demonstrates the reason why young brains are particularly at risk. She states that is because adolescent brains are still growing and they are subject to extensive internal change. Also, she refers an expert’s research to support that reason. At the end, she outlines more findings that drug and alcohol use affects growing brains, especially parts of the brain at the front of the skull are particularly affected. Further, the author states some possible reasons that why dope smoking may impair the formation of healthy wiring in brain. Last, the author gives...
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...Australia - a Land for Men 2 3. Women in Australia 2 3.1 The “Bush-Woman“ in “The Drover‘s Wife“ 2 3.2 The role of Australian Women 2 3.3 Australian Feminism 2 4.Conclusion 2 5.Bibliography 3 6. Declaration of Authenticity 1. Introduction “[...] she fought a bad bullock that besieged the house for a day“ (Lawson 6). This would probably be a challenge for a man not for a woman. But in Henry Lawson‘s point of view this and fighting snakes and diseases are things women in the Australian bush are capable of doing as presented in The Drover‘s Wife. Henry Lawson (1867-1922) is the finest author and poet in Australia's colonial period and had a big focus on the Australian bush and life. He is famous for his works such as The Drover‘s Wife which got first published 1892 in The Bulletin - an Australian magazine of great importance. In his short story The Drover‘s Wife Lawson presents a mother with her children in a dangerous living situation in the Australian bush, “Lawson‘s story created the archetype of the pioneer bush-woman, a heroic mother left on her own by the drover husband, resigned to her fate, battling against the elements and winning“ (Carrera-Suarez, 140). Lawson, who lived in the Australian-Bush himself is able to judge which attributes are important to survive in it and so created the image of the drover‘s wife. His view of women...
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...these three issues is because there will be a large loss of market share if readers, or may better say customers, in the society change the opinions about underlying values and beliefs of News Limited and loss confidence of their future behavior; the change of laws may limit its expansion; and the unethical employment may lead to social issue in the long term. The phone-hacking scandal of one of the News Corporation subsidiaries- News of the World reflects the whole entire business. One of Murdoch’s former top executive said Murdoch invented and established this culture in the newsroom, where you do whatever it takes to get the story, take no prisoners, destroy the competition, and the end will justify the means. As being Australian arm of News Corporation, News Limited tends to be suspected that they share the same underlying value and belief as all the other subsidiaries of Murdoch’s media empire, which drives them to behave similarly. Professor Rolph, from faculty of Law at University of Sydney, said even though there is no evidence that this conduct has occurred in Australia, what mostly like to occur is an enforceable act to privacy as a result. People will defend the news that is sourced unethically. However, the Former chairman and CEO of News Ltd, John Hartigan said, the culture in News Limited is so different from that in UK. People refer a lot of the media as “red tops’ in the UK. They are very aggressive newspaper; they are very sensational,...
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...Indigenous Australians were not able to quarantine the European colonists arriving on the first fleet in 1788 and there was no immunisation injections available to protect them from the colds, flus and other infectious disease that arrived with the colonist. In 2015 there are vaccines available to assist people develop a stronger immune system to help prevent some disease and medical technology has progress and people can now live longer than they ever had before. Unfortunately there is still a gap between the life expectancy of an Aboriginal Australian and a non-Aboriginal Australian. In 2010-2012 the average life expectancy for Indigenous Australian male and females were 69.1 and 73.7 while for non-indigenous Australians it was higher, 79.7 for males and 83.1 for females (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2013). This is similar in other indigenous cultures across the world, the United Nations declaration on the rights of Indigenous Peoples makes mention of the health of Indigenous Peoples right to health care “Indigenous individuals have an equal right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health. States shall take the necessary steps with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of this right” (United Nations, 2007). What is the Australian government doing to assist the Indigenous Australian population to achieve and attain a longer life expectancy like the non-indigenous population? In 2008 the Council of Australian Governments...
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...[pic]Top of Form Aboriginal Australia [pic] Find out how you can connect with the world’s oldest living culture. Discover it the same way Aboriginal Australians have passed it down for at least 50,000 years - through art, dance, myths, music and the land itself. See Aboriginal art and contemporary dance in the cities. Or head to the outback and listen to Dreamtime myths of creation by the campfire. Let Aboriginal Australians help you understand this ancient land and its spirituality and wonder. Six special places you can connect to Aboriginal Australia [pic] Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park, Northern Territory Visit Uluru and you’ll see why the rock and surrounding land have such huge spiritual significance for the Anangu Aboriginal people. According to their creation myths, ancestral spirits formed Uluru, which lies in Australia's red centre like an enormous, moody heart. Aboriginal guides will share these ancient tales as you walk around the rock’s base. Just 32 kilometres away is another sacred site - Kata Tjuta. You’ll be awestruck by these steep, rounded, russet domes over 3,500 hectares. [pic] Kimberley, Western Australia Featuring vast horizons and ancient gorges, the Kimberley region is one of the world’s last great wilderness areas. See Wandjina figures painted in caves and the mysterious Gwion Gwion paintings. Ride a camel on Broome’s breathtaking Cable Beach and 4WD the red-dirt road along the Dampier Peninsula. Learn the legend of the orange and black beehive...
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...Belonging Critical Essay “Belonging to a community or group has a significant impact on an individual’s sense of self” Introduction Individuals desire a sense of belonging within various groups in the community to engage with others in an enriching and meaningful way. Displacement from a community, culture or family can have a significant impact on individuals’ sense of self and where he truly belongs. Peter Skryzynecki’s poems, “Feliks Skrzynecki” and “Migrant Hostel” explore the effects of displacement due to migration and the consequential lack of identity and place. Bruce Dawe’s poem “Enter without so much as knocking” and an image from Shaun Tan’s book “The Arrival” explores various aspects of belonging suggesting that belonging to a place is central to an individual’s identity and sense of security. Feliks Skrzynecki ‘Feliks Skrzynecki” explores the hardships experienced by migrants growing up in Australia. Skrzynecki highlights the underlying idea of Peter’s difficulty in trying to accept his inherent Polish culture, which is evident in the third stanza “His polish friends always shook hands too violently…I never got used to” while at the same time unconsciously assimilating to a new civilized Western culture. Skrzynecki utilizes an extended metaphor of Hadrian’s Wall; “Watched me pegging my tents further and further south of Hadrian’s Wall” to epitomize the confusion and choice surrounding Peter in the ethics and values of each culture to which he must choose. Peter...
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...colony, were not unaffected. The impact of the white settlers changed their lives, and the lives of future generations, forever. It is believed that at least 750 000 Aboriginal people were living in Australia at the time of Captain Cook's arrival. These people were divided into around 600 different tribes and had hundreds of different languages. Archaeological evidence suggests that the ancestors of the modern Indigenous people of Australia migrated to the continent more than 50 000 years ago. Isolated from external influences, the Aboriginal peoples developed their own way of life, in accordance with their religious and spiritual beliefs of the Dreamtime. Despite knowing of the existence of these peoples, the British considered the Australian continent to be a terra nullius under English law. Terra nullius is a Latin term meaning 'land belonging to no one.' Eight years later, the British went ahead with their plans to establish a penal colony in New South Wales. On 26 January 1788, the First Fleet, led by Captain Arthur Phillip, arrived in Sydney Cove. The dispossession of Aboriginal peoples from their land resulted in a drastic decline in their population. While many Aboriginal people were killed in violent clashes over the rights to settle on the land, a vast number also died from malnourishment. Since they were unable to access clean water or an adequate and nutritious supply of food, this made them more susceptible to fatal diseases. The repercussions of Aboriginal...
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...We Are Endangered People of a Single Story: A Personal Abstract Kim Nguyen Psychology 424, Section 401 Dr. P. Guerin September 16, 2012 We Are Endangered People of a Single Story: A Personal Abstract Chimamanda Adichie, is a Nigerian novelist who spoke about how she found her authentic cultural voice from her story called, “ The Danger of a Single Story.” How can a single story be dangerous? In Chimamanda story she enlightens us with our vulnerability of negative impression dating back to our childhood years from stories in which we face ( TEDTalkDirector, 2009, 1:47-52). I strongly believe that Adichie story is a gateway to help us avoid racial stereotyping. She gave examples of some single story negativities she encountered attending school. One example Adichie mentioned is having a roommate who was astonished of her well-spoken English. The single story here, is her roommate did not know there can be any type of similarity with American vs. African ( TEDTalkDirector, 2009, 4:25-5:15). We as a whole have one story to identify a person or group because of the media, making us endangered people. Ramirez Boscan, an indigenous individual, states, “Most of the reporting from mainstream media on indigenous peoples is either inaccurate or biased as they do not understand our culture and traditions.” As a whole, we are endangered because we allow the media to control our mind (attitudes and behaviors) to believing and concluding the negatives aspect of...
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...Report of the Stolen Generations Assessor Stolen Generations of Aboriginal Children Act 2006 February 2008 Depar tm e n t of P r e m i e r a n d C a binet Table of contents 1. 2. Introduction ...................................................... 2 Context of the legislation .......................................3 2.1 historical Context ................................................................... 3 2.2 Child Welfare and adoption laws .............................. 4 2.3 education policy and procedures ................................. 5 3. The Act ......................................................................7 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4. 5. aboriginal person................................................................................. 7 eligible Categories................................................................................ 7 exclusion ..................................................................................................... 7 the stolen generations fund..................................................... 7 timeframes............................................................................................... 8 the stolen generations assessor............................................ 8 The assessment process..........................................9 Overview of applications.......................................11 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 6. source of applications..................................
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...discrimination, returned the Indigenous Peoples their rights to cultural identities, self- representation, and to their values and beliefs have been noticeably respected at an international level. | 6.The world’s indigenous peoples do not share the same story of colonization. In the New World, white European colonizers arrived and settled on the land, disregarding the Indigenous people. | 7.Many countries have continued to tackle the problem of disadvantage and discrimination of the Indigenous all around the world | 8.Young people can ensure that the fight for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Civil Rights continues….. not discriminating against anyone whose culture, race, religion, etc that is different to theirs. | Bibliography Australian Human Rights Commission. 2013. Discrimination: Know your rights Information for...
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...influences an individual’s perception of illness and health.” 1000 wrds There are many definitions for 'culture' with the anthropologist Sir Edward Tylor (1871) cited by Ravalico (2006) defining it to mean 'that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom and any other capabilities and habits acquired by a member of society.' Culture also influences how one perceives their health and the idea of what it means to have ‘good health.’ One community group whose culture strongly impacts on individual’s perception of illness and health is the Australian Aboriginal community. Aboriginal Australians have a shorter life expectancy than others (ABS 2008, Shaouli et al 2011) which threatens Aboriginal culture as ‘elders’are the transmitters of Aboriginal culture. Aboriginal people experience worse health and more disease with the latter being three times more than that for the total Australian population (NATSIS 2008 cited by ABS 2008). Culture is one of the many social determinants of health and affects health (Carson, Dunbar, Chenhall and Bailie, 2007). Some indigenous people are fatalistic about their health (Thackrah and Scott 2011) although most can access medical help when needed providing they trusted their medical practitioners (ABS 2008, DATSIPD 2009). Other obstacles include language, lack of public transport and telecommunications (Shaouli et al 2011). Therefore, the impact of culture on individuals’ health is crucial to investigate as Aboriginal...
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... 1. Introduction Captain Arthur Phillip brought grape vines from Brazil and the Cape of Good Hope to Australia when his fleet arrived in Botany Bay, located in Sydney, in 1788, according to Wine Australian which is one department of Australian government. Since that Australia had made a history of producing and exporting wine. In 1854, a barrel of fortified wine was exported to London, which is the first reported Australian wine export (Wine Australia, 2012). Subsequently, Australian exports in wine have boosted at an extraordinary rate especially in recent years, reaching the record level in 2007. Today, Wine Australian also point out that Australia is the fourth largest wine exporter in the world, constituting about 4% of total world wine production, and export over 800 million liters to international wine market and as a result, it produces a contribution of around A$3 billion per year to Australian economy. Australian wine exports to more than 100 countries; mainly two biggest markets are United Kingdom and United State. Besides, there are other significant markets, such as Canada, New Zealand, Ireland, Japan, Singapore and India. Simultaneously, domestic consumers also have an enormous demand to Australian wine, consumed by about 500 million liters per annum. Hence, Australian wine brand value and reputation, namely “New World” wine, are also spreading around the world, constituting large percentage of market shares which previously owned by “Old...
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