...containment of communism by providing assistance to countries resisting communism in Europe while the Eisenhower Doctrine was focused upon providing both military and economic assistance to nations resisting communism in the Middle East and by increasing the flow of trade from the United States into Latin America. The Kennedy Doctrine was based on these same objectives but was more concerned with the spread of communism and Soviet influence in Latin America following the Cuban revolution that brought Fidel Castro to power under Eisenhower during the 1950s. Some of the most notable events that stemmed from tenets of JFK’s foreign policy initiatives in regard to Latin America and the spread of communism were: The Bay of Pigs Invasion, April 17, 1961, Increase of U.S. involvement in Vietnam War, 1962, Cuban Missile Crisis, October, 1962, and Ratification of Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, July, 1963. The Bay of Pigs Invasion was an unsuccessful action by a CIA-trained force of Cuban exiles to invade southern Cuba, with support and encouragement from the US...
Words: 2302 - Pages: 10
...Significant Events through the year’s 1950’s-1990’s HIS/135 19 February 2012 1950’s-1990’s When you consider the term powerful and what it takes to be given this title, many would think of the United States. Over the course of decades, the United States has faced many obstacles in its path, threatening and challenging its wealth. The United States is a Country of free thinking with fruitful opportunities for the everyday people. The United States has faced many economic upswings, such as the baby boom era; has experienced excessive military spending, like the Reagan era; has dealt with wars, like Vietnam; and has even experienced political failure, like the Bay of Pigs and President Kennedy. Although we have faced many disappointing turns, and has been tested with great obstacles and difficulties, the lasting power of this country cannot be tested and will not be waivered. 1950’s –Boom Goes the Economy Baby! World War II was one that left America, the people, and the social and economical growth completely drowned by the debt and aftermath it created. In the 30’s President Roosevelt had implemented the “new Deal” when he was elected into office. This deal he had, gave Americans hope that the depression they were in would be soon over. By the year 1939, the New Deal had run its course. In its short existence, the New Deal’s programs helped improve the lives of the American people suffering from the events of the war-caused depression. Although this...
Words: 2961 - Pages: 12
...from the ongoing struggle between The United States of America and The Soviet Union and between Capitalism and Communism. There were various events and circumstances which caused this standoff. Firstly, the decision to place missiles on Cuban soil was taken by the Soviets as a means to offset their strategic inferiority. The second main cause was the fact that America felt threatened by a Castro lead Communist Cuba. Their continued efforts to oust Castro, was a significant factor in creating a very real fear in Castro of a US invasion of Cuba. This led him to form strong bonds with the Soviets and subsequently allowing them to place missiles in Cuba. We also look at Americas failed attempt to remove Castro with their ‘Bay of Pigs’, invasion of Cuba, in 1961. A final factor in the cause of the crisis is the possibility of the Soviets using the missiles as a means of strengthening their power, with regards to negotiating with America in matters outside of Cuba. The first aspect to look at when dealing with this question is Soviet insecurity and strategic inferiority with the US. The Soviets had many reasons to feel insecure or threatened in the period directly preceding the Cuban Missile Crisis. Khrushchev had long known that the Soviets had a disproportionally lower amount of missiles than the Americans, however it was not until after events surrounding the building of the Berlin Wall, that Kennedy, who had long publicly maintained that the Soviets had the advantage of the missile...
Words: 2294 - Pages: 10
...Kennedy? Did He Really Have So Much Impact on America? Or is the Positive Feeling Only a Result of His Assassination? - Quora." Quora - A Place to Share Knowledge and Better Understand the World. Accessed May 23, 2018. https://www.quora.com/Why-do-Americans-love-John-F-Kennedy-Did-he-really-have-so-much-impact-on-America-Or-is-the-positive-feeling-only-a-result-of-his-assassination. "John F. Kennedy." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Last modified May 22, 2018. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_F._Kennedy. "Cuban Missile Crisis - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum." John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum. Accessed May 23, 2018. https://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/Cuban-Missile-Crisis.aspx. "What Good Things Did JFK Do During His Presidency? - Qfak.com." Qfak.com - Quotes, Poems, Q & A. Accessed May 24, 2018. http://www.qfak.com/arts_humanities/history/?id=1275809. "Americans Think John F. Kennedy Was One of Our Greatest Presidents. He Wasn’t." Washington Post. Last modified November 22, 2013. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2013/11/22/americans-think-john-f-kennedy-was-one-of-our-greatest-presidents-he-wasnt/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.e9798c736304. Brinkley, Alan. John F. Kennedy. New York: Times Books,...
Words: 1004 - Pages: 5
...up a plan to prevent this. John F. Kennedy was reluctant to invade Cuba in fears that the Soviet Union would invade Berlin to counter U.S. acts of aggression. This could potentially lead to another world war which the John F. Kennedy does not want. The U.S. instead announces that they...
Words: 861 - Pages: 4
...municipalities of Ibaan, Taysan and Lobo; and on the south by the Batangas Bay. Batangas City, the capital of Batangas Province has a total land area of approximately 27,633.26 hectares. It is approximately 112.00 kilometers away from Manila and can be traveled by land for 2½ hours and by water for eight (8) hours. The city is almost equidistant from Batanes in the north and Jolo in the south. The first recorded name of the Province was Kumintang, after the Datu who inherited the dominion from Datu Balensusa. Its centre, the present day Balayan, was the most progressive town of the Province and the traditional centre of governance. Later, as the eruption of the Taal Volcano destroyed a significant portion of the town, the provincial centre was transferred to Taal, which was then called Bonbon and the name of the province was changed after that of the town. The term batangan means a raft, the people used so that they could fish in the nearby Taal Lake. It also meant the numerous logs found in the Calumpang River, the body of water that runs through the northeastern portion of the town and assumes the shape of a tuning fork Language Although much can be said about the way a Batangueño speaks his or her Tagalog, the high literacy of the locals means English is also widely spoken in the province. Spanish is also understood up to some extent. In fact, some towns like Nasugbu, Taal and Lemery still have a significant minority of Spanish...
Words: 2371 - Pages: 10
...The Cuban Missile Crisis: Reading the Lessons Correctly Author(s): Richard Ned Lebow Source: Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 98, No. 3 (Autumn, 1983), pp. 431-458 Published by: The Academy of Political Science Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2150497 Accessed: 10/11/2008 23:45 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=aps. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. The Academy of Political Science is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve...
Words: 13754 - Pages: 56
...The Cuban Missile Crisis: Reading the Lessons Correctly Author(s): Richard Ned Lebow Source: Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 98, No. 3 (Autumn, 1983), pp. 431-458 Published by: The Academy of Political Science Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2150497 Accessed: 10/11/2008 23:45 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=aps. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit organization founded in 1995 to build trusted digital archives for scholarship. We work with the scholarly community to preserve their work and the materials they rely upon, and to build a common research platform that promotes the discovery and use of these resources. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. The Academy of Political Science is collaborating with JSTOR to...
Words: 13754 - Pages: 56
... such as the United States, and their feeble network on which their society rested upon was that being criticized. •Dependency Theory: Students were sure that these two previous explanations were merely methods to blame the victims of abuse. They believed that Latin American economies stood in a dependent position relative to the world’s industrial powers. Therefore other nations took their overpowering stand, and forestalled Latin America’s industrialization. “Economic dependency” is why the nation did not follow the path it was supposed to follow. •Social Constructionism: The way race, gender, class, and national identities are “constructed” in people’s minds. Discuss Michel Rolph Trouillot’s theory of historical narratives •History understood as the distinction and overlap of the socio-historical process (“what happened”) and the narratives about it (“what is said to have happened”). •Three capacities people have within socio-historic processes: actors, agents, subjects a) Agents: or occupants of the structural positions. (b) as actors in constant interference without a context. (c) as subjects, thats is...
Words: 3338 - Pages: 14
...LAST 170 Midterm Exam: Wednesday, October 22 and Friday, October 24, 2014. Wednesday and Friday during usual class time •Students with last names beginning with A-K will take the test in 100 Gregory Hall •Students with last names beginning with L-Z will take the test in 1LIB 66 •Please bring a #2 pencil. Friday: students will go to their scheduled discussion sections and take the second part of the exam. Format: 3 mini-essay answer; 40-60 multiple-choice questions; 5-10 fill-in-the-blank questions; and 5-10 two-sentence answers. Short-essay answer: concisely answer the following questions. Be prepared to answer all of them. ACTUAL QUESTIONS FOR THE EXAM 1) Consider what you learned in lecture and from the readings by Rohter, Guimarães, Goldstein, Vaughan, and Stout. Discuss how people are racialized in Brazil and Cuba. Be sure to cover the following issues: a. What historical conditions explain the high level of inequality in these countries? Why are socio-economic conditions connected to race? (10 pts) b. Provide one concrete example from the readings that shows how constructions of race in Brazil and Cuba are similar, and one concrete example from the readings to show how they are different (10 pts) c. Discuss why identities are mediated and how media is used as part of the process of racialization (10 pts). Use one example provided in class to explain your argument (10 pts). 2) Considering the movie “Even the Rain” and from...
Words: 1467 - Pages: 6
...It can seem overwhelming, sometimes deadening. Select some facts/numbers/details about topics or events that reflect the wreck of the time you have inhabited this earth, and with your own purpose, craft a shorter imitation of Dillard's piece in which your attention to particulars brings some larger theme into focus. Due Nov. 8 The Wreck of Time My wrecks in time are all the wars I’ve experience over the years starting with 1961Bay of Pigs and Cuba over nuke missiles being sent to be installed in Cuba. With the cold war scare of a war with Russia and Cuba. Vietnam 1960-1975,Then to not so known Cambodian Laos wars with Pol Pot ( Khmer Rouge) Pol Pot 19 May 1925 – 15 April 1998)[1][2] was a Cambodian revolutionary who led the Khmer Rouge[3] from 1963 until 1997. Here is a look from 2004 about the pros and cons of war against Iraq from information available at that time. It is included here for historical purposes. The possibility of war with Iraq is a very divisive issue around the world. Turn on any news show and you will see a daily debate on the pros and cons of going to war. The following is a list of the reasons being discussed both for and against war. This is not intended as an endorsement for or against the war, but is meant as a quick reference. Please use the poll to express your opinion on the possible war. | Reasons For War 1. The United States and the world has a duty to disarm a rogue nation like Iraq. 2. Saddam Hussein is a tyrant that has demonstrated...
Words: 5866 - Pages: 24
...The Cold War era was a time of extreme tension and paranoia around the world. The Soviet Union and the U.S. were both preparing for war, although trying to avoid it, and used their intelligence agencies to gather information about the enemy and their intentions. By virtue of experience, the Soviets were simply better at some things than the U.S were, but the U.S. had its own areas of expertise as well. Both countries had its successes and failures, from disinformation campaigns to the use of SIGINT, but in the end, only the U.S. was left standing. Although the two great superpowers were trying to avoid a mass conflict, which many feared would involve mass destruction, both countries intelligence activities were aimed at preparing for a potential...
Words: 1371 - Pages: 6
...a factor in their choice not to follow Castro’s ways? The ties that bind Cuba and Jamaica run deep, according to Brian Meeks, Professor of Social and Political Change at the University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica. The interconnections stem from several episodes in their shared history, Meeks said in a recent lecture, as well as from past migrations of people between the two countries. His talk, “Cuba from Due South: An Anglo-Caribbean Perspective,” launched the Center for Latin American Studies’ (CLAS's) new thematic focus on Cuba. An academic, journalist, novelist, and poet, Meeks commenced the talk with a reading of self-penned poem, “Cuba One,” written during the height of Jamaican political turmoil in 1975. “In 1962 a blue//mountain peak showed//a green horizon//to the unsuspecting eye.//standing spyglassed//staring blindly,//thought I'd see a dull grey line//tinged with red and barbed around//the picture framing//captive portraits//hiding from the sunlight//ideologically bound.” Building on the themes in his verse, Meeks recounted his experience as a middle-class youngster at the dawn of Jamaican independence, an event that came just a year after the failure of the 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion by armed Cuban exiles and the United States. At the time, “there was little sympathy in Jamaica for Fidel’s movement – or so it...
Words: 1240 - Pages: 5
...acknowledged publicly.” Simply put, covert action allows governments or organized groups to secretly influence and manipulate events abroad allowing them to fulfill their objectives without any parties knowing who sponsored or carried out these activities. This not only conceals the identity of the sponsor but also opens up the option of plausible denial if they were ever suspected. Covert action is a third option when “soft” exercises of national power such as diplomacy, economic sanctions, or informational power are ineffective in influencing conditions abroad on one hand, while the use of overt military force is undesirable or not feasible on the other.1 Covert action is traditionally divided into three categories: propaganda, paramilitary operations, and political action. Propaganda involves disseminating specific message or viewpoints to a target audience. As an example, in the late 1940’s, the U.S. covertly used propaganda to assist anti-communist political parties in Italy and France during close elections. Paramilitary operations involve training, equipping, and supporting paramilitary groups in target countries. A successful example was when the U.S. supported the Afghan guerrilla fighters during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in the late 1970s into the 1980s. An example of an unsuccessful paramilitary operation is the failed Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba in the 1960s. Finally, political action involves influencing the political situation in a particular country...
Words: 3939 - Pages: 16
...The second maroon war in Jamaica commenced in seventeen ninety-five and lasted until seventeen ninety-six. The second marron war resulted from two young maroon men being accused of stealing two pigs from a white Montego Bay planter. They were subsequently sentenced to receive thirty-nine lashes each. In efforts to express their objections, six maroon men complained to the British but would be captured as prisoners. “In response, armed Trelawney Town men maroons, despite the maroons’ purported status as British allied, had threatened the new British Superintendent-General for maroons Captain Craskell with death unless he left Trelawney Town.” This would result in a war against the British. The British would release some five thousand troops to annihilate the maroons outnumbering them ten to one. It would be the mountainous and forested landscape of Jamaica that aided the guerilla warfare....
Words: 1503 - Pages: 7
