...Application of Clinical Psychology Paper Amanda Ayers PSY/480 March 02, 2016 Mark Peterson Application of Clinical Psychology Paper What is a case study? According to Merriam Webster, a case study is a process or record of research in which detailed consideration is given to the development of a particular person, group, or situation over a period of time (2016). In this paper, a case study will be examined and applied to clinical psychology aspects in real-world situations. The case study will be looking at a 19 year old Chinese male named Joe. Joe’s situation will be discussed in overview. Following this will be a discussion of the biological, psychological and social factors that are involved in Joe’s case. Lastly, the case study will be used to explain the different interventions that would be appropriate to use in relation to the field of clinical psychology. Now let us take a look at Joe and his case. The Overview The case study applied in this situation looks at a 19 year old Chinese male. This individual suffers from episodes of depression along with some anxiety. His name is Joe. Joe has an overwhelming feeling of not being “good enough”. In his daily life, he takes the responsibility of taking care of his invalid mother as well as two younger siblings. Joe’s father left when he was 5 years old and an only child. At the age of 12 his father returned. Within two years after his father’s return his parents had 2 more children. At the age of 16...
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...Bipolar Disorder Research Paper Jazz Bipolar disorder, formally known as manic-depressive illness, is a mental illness which is primarily characterized by extreme shifts in mood, energy level, judgement, concentration, and sleep patterns. According to a study conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health (2005), “as many as 5.7 million Americans will be diagnosed with a form of bipolar disorder per year,” debunking the popular myth that bipolar disorder is a rare illness only affecting few. Typically, someone affected by this disorder would experience periodic shifts between intense emotional states, referred as “mood episodes.” In these episodes, one may experience a manic episode, a hypomanic episode, a depressive episode,...
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...Caraga State University Ampayon, Butuan City ADDICTION OF CIGARETTES SMOKING INSIDE THE CSU CAMPUS Mucram, Jamael C. 09070123796 Jhon Mark C. Gomez, Anchie G. Ruperto,Bompat Tagupa, Eunilyn R. Villafañe, Junalyn G. Cuevas, Kate Ariane A. I. Introduction a. Definition Nicotine is one of more than 4,000 chemicals found in the smoke from tobaccoproducts;it is the primary component that acts on the brain. Smokeless tobacco products(for example,snuffand chewing tobacco) also contain many toxins as well as high levelsof nicotine. Nicotine is anaturally occurring colorless liquid that turns brown whenburned and takes on the odor of tobaccowhen exposed to air. There are many species of tobacco plants the tabacum species serving as themajor source of today's tobacco products. Extensive study shows it to have a number of complex andsometimes unpredictable effects on the brain andt he body. As any smoker can tell you, nicotine is a remarkably addictive drug; only aboutsevenpercent who try to quit smoking on their own last at least one year. Nicotine is amongthe mostheavily used addictive drugs in the country, in spite of the long-known facts regardingsmoking'spotential to cause lung cancer and many other health problems. b. Psychological Disturbance Many smoke as a way to cope with stress, according to the Cleveland Clinic website. Psychologically speaking, this may be true to some extent since nicotine can temporarily alter moods and make feelings...
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...Tobacco Cessation Effectiveness in Youth and Adolescence Despite the development of smoking cessation medications and aids, tobacco use remains a major societal problem in America today. The systemic effects of the nicotine contained in tobacco and absorbed by the body leave a devastating footprint on smokers and non-smokers alike. The financial strain on the healthcare system is self-evident. The research gathered has proven to be inadequate because the sample sizes are small, and the researchers did not properly record statistics to prove effectiveness of the cessation programs. There are three very effective steps for adolescent cessation: screen for tobacco dependency with families, counsel and use behavioral interventions and prescription medications, and finally educate parents about the dangers of second hand smoke. Lack of accessibility to numerous tobacco dependence treatments remains an issue. Furthermore, impact on health from tobacco use has been documented profusely, yet the tobacco industry still continues to lure adolescents and adults with the advertising and promotional markets. One in two smokers will die prematurely of a disease caused by dependence on tobacco. After reading findings by the United States Department of Health and Human Services, it is stated that “youths also are susceptible to tobacco advertising, and those who are exposed to frequent advertisements for tobacco are more likely to smoke than those who are...
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...Richard Wood is one such skeptic, claiming that excessively playing videogames ought not to be compared to gambling since they are not enough alike (“Concept of Videogame ‘Addiction’” 170). His evidence for this is case studies in which he portrays familial strain and stress put on the gamer. This, he believes, leads many gamers to diagnose themselves as addicted when they may not be (176). Wood claims that clinicians and researchers should be cautious when claiming anyone is addicted because it may lead to misunderstandings and an undue amount of concern on the part of the family (176). Wood also believes those who are classified as “addicted” may be playing games excessively because they have underlying problems or poor time management skills (177). Wood does concede that some people play video games excessively is not in dispute, but defining the point at which the behaviour becomes problematic is far from clear. There is little doubt that some people play games too frequently and for longer periods than is good for them physically, socially, and/or psychologically” (172). Mark Griffiths refutes Wood’s position, stating that those who have underlying problems but are addicted to a substance have no less of an addiction because...
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...General Psychiatry William a. Kehoe, Pharm.D., m.a., FCCP, BCPS University of the Pacific stockton, california © 2009 American College of Clinical Pharmacy 1-281 General Psychiatry Learning Objectives: 1. Describe pharmacotherapeutic options for managing the following psychiatric problems: depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, insomnia, and alcohol withdrawal. Describe the drugs used to treat the above disorders in terms of unique pharmacological properties, therapeutic uses, adverse effects, and cognitive and behavioral effects. Formulate a pharmacotherapeutic treatment plan when presented with a patient having depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, an anxiety disorder, or insomnia. Discuss the treatment of substance abuse using alcohol abuse as a model. 4. 2. C. Theophylline. D. Pseudoephedrine. Which one of the following antidepressants would be least likely to cause drug-disease or drug-drug interactions for T.N.? A. Venlafaxine. B. Fluvoxamine. C. Phenelzine. D. Fluoxetine. Which one of the following periods represents the continuation therapy phase for T.N.’s depression? A. 6–12 weeks. B. 12–16 weeks. C. 6–12 months. D. 2−3 years. T.N. will be seen initially at monthly intervals to assess antidepressant therapy. Which one of the following instruments is a patient-completed measure of depressive symptoms that could be used to assess his response? A. Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. B. Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale...
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...related by their chemical structure, the way they work or if they are used for the same purpose (Pubmed Health, 2012). A cholinergic stimulant is a class of drugs used to increase activity at acetylcholine synapses and can be further subdivided into two categories; direct and indirect acting cholinergic stimulants. This categorization is based on their mechanisms of action and specificity for clinical use (Ciccone, 2007). Direct-acting cholinergic stimulants increase activity at the acetylcholine synapses by binding directly with the cholinergic receptor on the other hand; indirect-acting cholinergic stimulants put forth the same effect by inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase enzyme situated on the cholinergic synapse. For the purpose of this paper, an analysis of indirect acting cholinergic stimulants will be completed, with focus on Pyridosigmine and Prostigmin and their implications to physical therapy practice. Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Stimulants Indirect-acting cholinergic stimulants are also known as Cholinesterase inhibitors or Anticholinesterase agents. Cholinesterase inhibitors increase activity at cholinergic synapses by preventing the acetylcholinesterase enzyme from breaking down acetylcholine (ACh) after its release from the presynaptic terminal. Cholinesterase inhibitors inhibit acetylcholinesterase thus allowing more acetylcholine to remain at the synapse which results in an increase in cholinergic synaptic transmission (Ciccone, 2007). For circumstances where acetylcholine...
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...Pneumonia Case Study August 27th, 2014 Mrs. Yolanda Bone South University Pneumonia Case Study A major cause of morbidity and mortality is Pneumonia. Pneumonia is a lung infection caused by bacteria, fungi or viruses (Center for Disease Control, 2014).The infection is classified into two categories; community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) or health care-associated pneumonia (HCAP). The classification is determined by the environment in which the infection develops (CDC, 2014). HCAP develops during or following a stay in a healthcare facility. In contrast, patients who are diagnosed with CAP have had no contact within a health care setting prior to presenting with the infection (Driver, 2012). Pneumonia may be present as a mild illness but has the potential to be life-threatening. Despite advances in research, pneumonia remains a common illness contributing to the death of young children in developing countries and the elderly population of developed countries throughout the world (Ruuskanen, et al., 2011). In 2010, approximately 50,000 people in the U.S. died after developing the infection (CDC, 2014). From a global perspective, 450 million cases of pneumonia are recorded annually and roughly 4 million of those diagnosed will die from this illness (Ruuskanen, et al., 2011). CAP is the eighth-leading cause of death within the U.S. and is the leading cause of death from infection in the developed world (Brown, et al., 2012). While anyone is susceptible to contracting...
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...Major Depression Disorder Major Depression Disorde The topic of this case study is Major Depression Disorder (MDD). This disorder is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, which occurs in both the young and old. Of all of the types of depression MDD is prominent due to the extent and duration of the most severe form of depression. It is second to heart disease in the extent it collaborates to the lower qualities of life. MDD is characterized by the effects it causes during such extent, leading it to be the most severe form of depression. In this paper the details of MDD, diagnosis, treatment, family, and psychosocial aspects will be covered. MDD as described by the DSM-IV TR is said to have 5 of the 9 disabling condition characteristics. Symptoms of MDD include but, are not limited to depressed mood, lack of interest, weight changes, sleep patterns, concentration issues, suicidal tendencies and thoughts. This disorder is characterized from other forms of depression such as seasonal affective disorder (SAD), and grief. For example, forms have less magnitude and shorter durations due to circumstantial situations related to the cause. MDD can be distinguished from other types of depression such as dysthymia and loss which, involve long-term chronic symptoms that do not disable and individual but, keep them from feeling good. The majestic of MDD can be conveyed by the social and occupational functioning. The downiness exemption to MDD need to...
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...ADHD Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Joselito B. Diaz, MD, FPNA College of Rehabilitation Sciences Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Characterized by a pattern of diminished sustained attention and higher levels of hyperactivity-impulsivity in a child, older adolescent or adult, more than expected for that age and developmental level Subtypes: Predominantly inattentive presentation Predominantly hyperactiveimpulsive presentation Combined presentation Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Inattention manifest behaviorally as wandering off task, lacking persistence, having difficulty sustaining focus, and being disorganized and is not due to defiance or lack of comprehension Hyperactivity refers to excessive motor activity when it is not appropriate; in adults may manifest as extreme restlessness or wearing others out with their activity Impulsivity refers to hasty actions that occur in the moment without forethought and that have high potential for harm to the individual Desire for immediate rewards or inability to delay gratification Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Establish that the patient has either inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity or both that has persisted at least 6 months to a degree that is maladaptive and inconsistent with their developmental level Several symptoms that caused impairment presented before the age of 12 Clear evidence...
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...Brain Sci. 2012, 2, 347-374; doi:10.3390/brainsci2030347 OPEN ACCESS brain sciences ISSN 2076-3425 www.mdpi.com/journal/brainsci/ Review Internet and Gaming Addiction: A Systematic Literature Review of Neuroimaging Studies Daria J. Kuss * and Mark D. Griffiths International Gaming Research Unit, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4BU, UK; E-Mail: mark.griffiths@ntu.ac.uk * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: daria.kuss@ntu.ac.uk; Tel.: +44-789-111-94-90. Received: 28 June 2012; in revised form: 24 August 2012 / Accepted: 28 August 2012 / Published: 5 September 2012 Abstract: In the past decade, research has accumulated suggesting that excessive Internet use can lead to the development of a behavioral addiction. Internet addiction has been considered as a serious threat to mental health and the excessive use of the Internet has been linked to a variety of negative psychosocial consequences. The aim of this review is to identify all empirical studies to date that used neuroimaging techniques to shed light upon the emerging mental health problem of Internet and gaming addiction from a neuroscientific perspective. Neuroimaging studies offer an advantage over traditional survey and behavioral research because with this method, it is possible to distinguish particular brain areas that are involved in the development and maintenance of addiction. A systematic literature search was conducted, identifying 18 studies. These studies...
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...0 3 0 Electronic Health Records in the Physician Office CHAPTER OUTLINE Patient Flow in the Physician Practice Step 1. Pre-Visit: Appointment Scheduling and Information Collection Step 2. Patient Check-in and Payment Collection Step 3. Rooming and Measuring Vital Signs Patient Examination and Documentation Step 4. Patient Checkout Step 5. Post-Visit: Coding and Billing Post-Visit: Reviewing Test Results Coding and Reimbursement in Electronic Health Records Computer-Assisted Coding Clinical Tools in the Electronic Health Record Decision-Support Tools Tracking and Monitoring Patient Care Screening for Illness or Disease Identifying at-Risk Patients Managing Patients with Chronic Diseases Improving the Quality and Safety of Patient Care with Evidence-Based Guidelines E-Prescribing and Electronic Health Records Keeping Current with Electronic Drug Databases Increasing Prescription Safety Saving Time and Money LEARNING OUTCOMES After completing this chapter, you will be able to define key terms and: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. List the five steps of the office visit workflow in a physician office. Discuss the advantages of pre-visit scheduling and information collection for patients and office staff. Describe the process of electronic check-in. Explain how electronic health records make documenting patient exams more efficient. Explain what occurs during patient checkout. Explain what two events take place during the post-visit step of the visit workflow. Describe the advantages of computer-assisted...
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...0 3 0 Electronic Health Records in the Physician Office CHAPTER OUTLINE Patient Flow in the Physician Practice Step 1. Pre-Visit: Appointment Scheduling and Information Collection Step 2. Patient Check-in and Payment Collection Step 3. Rooming and Measuring Vital Signs Patient Examination and Documentation Step 4. Patient Checkout Step 5. Post-Visit: Coding and Billing Post-Visit: Reviewing Test Results Coding and Reimbursement in Electronic Health Records Computer-Assisted Coding Clinical Tools in the Electronic Health Record Decision-Support Tools Tracking and Monitoring Patient Care Screening for Illness or Disease Identifying at-Risk Patients Managing Patients with Chronic Diseases Improving the Quality and Safety of Patient Care with Evidence-Based Guidelines E-Prescribing and Electronic Health Records Keeping Current with Electronic Drug Databases Increasing Prescription Safety Saving Time and Money LEARNING OUTCOMES After completing this chapter, you will be able to define key terms and: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. List the five steps of the office visit workflow in a physician office. Discuss the advantages of pre-visit scheduling and information collection for patients and office staff. Describe the process of electronic check-in. Explain how electronic health records make documenting patient exams more efficient. Explain what occurs during patient checkout. Explain what two events take place during the post-visit step of the...
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...International Journal of Drug Policy 23 (2012) 242–247 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect International Journal of Drug Policy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/drugpo Research paper Nicotine control: E-cigarettes, smoking and addiction Kirsten Bell a,∗ , Helen Keane b a b Department of Anthropology, 6303 NW Marine Drive, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada School of Sociology, Building 22, Hayden Allen Building, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Background: Over the past year or so, electronic cigarettes, more commonly known as ‘e-cigarettes’, have achieved widespread visibility and growing popularity. These products, which deliver nicotine via an inhaled mist, have caused no small amount of controversy in public health circles, and their rise has been accompanied by energetic debate about their potential harms and benefits. Methods: Interspersed with an analysis of current media coverage on e-cigarettes and the response of mainstream tobacco control and public health to these devices, this article examines the emergence of nicotine as both as an ‘addiction’ and a treatment for addiction. Results: We argue that by delivering nicotine in way that resembles the visual spectacle and bodily pleasures of smoking, but without the harms of combustible tobacco, e-cigarettes highlight the complex status of nicotine as both a poison and remedy in...
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...Applied Statistical Methods Larry Winner Department of Statistics University of Florida February 23, 2009 2 Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 Populations and Samples . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Types of Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.1 Quantitative vs Qualitative Variables 1.2.2 Dependent vs Independent Variables . 1.3 Parameters and Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4 Graphical Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 Basic Probability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5.1 Diagnostic Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 7 8 8 9 10 12 16 20 21 25 25 29 29 29 32 32 32 32 32 35 35 37 38 38 39 40 42 42 44 48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Random Variables and Probability Distributions 2.1 The Normal Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1.1 Statistical Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Sampling Distributions and the Central Limit Theorem 2.2.1 Distribution of Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Other Commonly Used Sampling Distributions . . . . . 2.3.1 Student’s...
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