...IN COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY Summary This is an article review of Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, 2007. Within his academic journal, Tan explains the moral and suitable use of prayer and Scripture, interior mechanism of CBT in religious when hiring a CBT based Christian. It seems that, the usefulness of his move toward spans 25 living years of his performance, as fit as, its submission in a diversity of settings counting in Bible school psychotherapy, rural care, hospice surroundings and extra contexts of counsel. Tan states eight key gears of a principled and suitable Christian-based CBT focusing on prayers and Scriptures. These comprise the astonished love in customer counselor app-relationship, the well thought-out healing of reminiscences, use of investigate methodologies to create ultimate conclusion regarding CBT superiority and use of bible-corresponding way. This also goes for bearing in mind Scriptures revelations in the meaning of experiential, spiritual and religious aspects of faith and life, assessing how behavior and thought influence the underlying problem using biblical truth and develops scripture-based interventions. In addition, the author highlights that focus should also be on larger contextual factors, such as cultural influences, and use of relevant community resource such as churches in therapeutic interventions. Tan goes ahead to talk about two models of integrating Christian-based CBT, open incorporation or the unconcealed...
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...Journal Article Review: Use of prayer and scripture in therapy Liberty University Use of prayer and scripture in therapy Summary Effectively integrating psychology and theology has been an ongoing endeavor for many Christian therapists who wish to be ethically sound in their therapeutic practices and yet honor the use of the Holy Spirit as the ultimate Counselor and Comforter. Use of prayer and scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy is a study that focuses specifically on the efficacy of the use of prayer and scripture within the Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) model. While CBT is more than 30 years old (Tan, 2007, pg. 101), it has been “expanded to include mindfulness and acceptance-based therapies” (Tan, 2007, pg. 101). The author bases his article on the findings that there are a minimum of 10 outcome studies providing empirical support regarding the efficacy of “religiously-oriented or spiritually-oriented CBT with religious clients” (Tan, 2007, pg. 102). The article describes the author’s development and use of an ethical and appropriate approach to utilizing prayer and scripture within a Christian modality of CBT. The author has used this approach in a variety of settings including hospital, college, and private practice. The key points to his Christian approach to CBT very briefly include the emphasis of agape love, dealing adequately with past issues, the possibility of demonic involvement, use of alignment with God’s word, focusing on problems with...
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...Introduction Davies and Bhugra (2004) noted that, the humanistic and cognitive-behaviour approaches to therapy share little more than a resounding belief in the need for a strong therapeutic alliance to affect positive and lasting change in behaviour, thoughts and attitude of clients seeking therapeutic intervention. The difference lies in the application of the techniques and the beliefs underlying the origins and treatment of psychological problems, which are associated with the physical illness and biological abnormalities of one sort or another. (Davies, and Bhugra2004). According to Barker (2003) a therapeutic alliance is a situation in which patient and psychotherapists are bound together in working towards mutual communication and understanding. This means that the professional hopes to engage with and effect change in a patient. In addition, Gabbard (1994) noted that the essence of therapy is a transaction between two collaborating human beings with the goal of helping the patients, and that there is no right treatment approach. Different theoretical models and treatments strategies may apply flexibly over the course of treatment. This essay will compare and contrast humanistic approach and cognitive behaviour approach, and discuss their relevance to psychiatric nursing practice. Both approaches will be applied to the management of anxiety. The humanistic approach According to Bugental (1967), the humanistic approach is concerned with the...
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...Review of the Literature and the Problem Statement A recent national survey of 123,078 college students indicated that 11% reported they had been diagnosed with or treated for depression within the past year. Further, 22% had experienced depression in the past 12 months; among those endorsing depression, 39% said that it has affected their academic performance (American College Health Association, 2013). Other research further supports that depression is a significant predictor of both lower grade point average and higher probability of drop- ping out (Eisenberg, Golberstein, & Hunt, 2009). National surveys show that a substantial minority of college students report depression (Eisenberg, Gollust, Golberstein, & Hefner, 2007; National Alliance on Mental Illness, 2012). The 2012 report from the Association for University and College Counseling Center Directors indicated that 95% of counseling center directors believe that psychological problems are a growing concern and that depression is one of the most prevalent concerns with 36% of college students affected (Mistler, Reetz, Krylowicz, & Barr, 2012). Depression is caused by a number of risk factors such as, family history, physical illness, medication and ethnicity. Some types of depression tend to run in families. However, depression can occur in people without family histories of depression too. Scientists are now studying certain genes that may make some people more prone to depression than others. Some genetics...
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...Elements of Results Controls Albert (Al) Fiorini should continue running his business of Atlanta Home Loan (AHL) which is mortgage lending and financing company. He needs to fight to regain control over AHL perhaps only about $25,000 worth of equipment left. In other to get back his business Al can apply elements of results controls which require four steps. First, Al must define the dimensions. He must defining the right performance dimensions although is critical because the goals that are set and the measurements that are made shape employees views of what is important. In this case Al must defined AHL dimensions on which results are desired such as for profitability, customer satisfaction or product defects. This dimension will help company to achieve the target. Second elements of results control is measuring performance on these dimensions. In this elements measurements, which involves the assignment of numbers to objects, is a critical element of a results control system. Al will measure his company performance after de fined it in the first elements. It might many different results measures can be linked to rewards. Al can measures of financial such as net income, earnings per share and return on assets or in nonfinancial measures such as market share, growth, customer satisfaction and the timely accomplishment of certain tasks. Besides that, Al can use measurements involve subjective judgements. For example evaluators may be asked to judge whether a manager is being a...
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...Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a psychotherapeutic approach that addresses dysfunctional emotions, maladaptive behaviors and cognitive processes and contents through a number of goal-oriented, explicit systematic procedures. The name refers to behavior therapy, cognitive therapy, and to therapy based upon a combination of basic behavioral and cognitive principles and research. CBT is thought to be effective for the treatment of a variety of conditions, including mood, anxiety, personality, eating, substance abuse, tic, and psychotic disorders. Many CBT treatment programs for specific disorders have been evaluated for efficacy; the health-care trend of evidence-based treatment, where specific treatments for symptom-based diagnoses are recommended, has favored CBT over other approaches such as psychodynamic treatments.[1] CBT was primarily developed through an integration of behavior therapy (the term "behavior modification" appears to have been first used by Edward Thorndike) with cognitive psychology research, first by Donald Meichenbaum and several other authors with the label of cognitive-behavior modification in the late 1970s. This tradition thereafter merged with earlier work of a few clinicians, labeled as Cognitive Therapy (CT), developed by Aaron Beck, and Rational Emotive Therapy (RET) developed by Albert Ellis. While rooted in rather different theories, these two traditions have been characterized by a constant reference to experimental research to test hypotheses...
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...Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy: An International Quarterly Volume 20, Number 3 • 2006 Principles of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety Disorders in Children Elizabeth A. Gosch, PhD, ABPP Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine Philadelphia, PA Ellen Flannery-Schroeder, PhD, ABPP University of Rhode Island, Kingston Christian F. Mauro, PhD Scott N. Compton, PhD Duke University Medical Center Durham, NC This article elucidates the theoretical underpinnings of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) as applied to the treatment of anxiety disorders in children, focusing on social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, and separation anxiety disorder. It reviews behavioral and cognitive theories that have influenced this approach. We argue that it is necessary to understand the essential components of this approach in the context of these theories in order to provide effective, clinically sensitive, and child-focused treatment. Components discussed include assessment, psychoeducation, affective education, self-instruction training, cognitive restructuring, problem solving, relaxation training, modeling, contingency management, and exposure procedures. Hypothesized key processes, such as the need to be experiential in treatment, are presented for consideration. Keywords: anxiety; children; cognitive behavior therapy; theory A nxiety disorders are among the most common mental health disorders in youth with / \ prevalence rates ranging from 12% to 20% (Achenbrach...
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...Ordering information You can download the following documents from www.nice.org.uk/CG82 • The NICE guideline (this document) – all the recommendations. • A quick reference guide – a summary of the recommendations for healthcare professionals. • ‘Understanding NICE guidance’ – a summary for patients and carers. • The full guideline – all the recommendations, details of how they were developed, and reviews of the evidence they were based on. For printed copies of the quick reference guide or ‘Understanding NICE guidance’, phone NICE publications on 0845 003 7783 or email publications@nice.org.uk and quote: • N1823 (quick reference guide) • N1824 (‘Understanding NICE guidance’). NICE clinical guidelines are recommendations about the treatment and care of people with specific diseases and conditions in the NHS in England and Wales. This guidance represents the view of NICE, which was arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. Healthcare professionals are expected to take it fully into account when exercising their clinical judgement. However, the guidance does not override the individual responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or guardian or carer, and informed by the summary of product characteristics of any drugs they are considering. Implementation of this guidance is the responsibility of local commissioners and/or providers. Commissioners and...
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...included are case management and social services, physical, respiratory, speech, and occupational therapy, as well as cognitive therapy, wound and pain management, and dysphagia management. The clinical care team is created upon admission and consists of board certified physicians, nurses, therapists, dieticians, pharmacist, and a case manager. Depending upon the specific recovery needs, other clinicians, such as a wound care nurse or social worker, may join a patient’s care team as indicated by the patient’s health needs and goals. Most importantly, key members to the treatment team include the patient and his or her family; their input is vital and necessary in order for the team to develop a successful personalized plan of care. Hospital social workers at LSH assess a patient’s social, emotional, environment, financial and support needs. The social worker works with the family along with service provider agencies to develop a plan of care ensuring that the services a patient requires are in place at home before discharge. Social workers provide patient counseling through lead support group discussions or individual counseling. They also aid patients in determining appropriate health care. Most importantly, social workers advocate for their patients. Discharge planning begins on arrival at LSH. Both patient and family are included in this process. Options and guidelines are explained regarding insurance coverage. Upon successful recovery, a discharge summary is provided...
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...Psychosis - CBT Word count: 4898 Content Introduction Referral letter Theoretical perspectives * Formation of paranoia Assessment * Assessment tools and baseline measures * Individual belief ratings * Management of risk Case Formulation Treatment Plan & Interventions Evaluation Critical review References Appendix 1 – Assessment Summary (diagrammatic) Appendix 2 – Formation of paranoia Appendix 3 – Risk assessment and management Appendix 4 – Letters Appendix 5 – Judging by appearances a behavioural experiment Confidentiality statement The name and other identifiable information relating to this patient have been changed to maintain confidentiality. Introduction This case study describes the CBT assessment, formulation and treatment of delusions of persecution and associated paranoid beliefs. Referral Letter Roger, a 29 year old single man was referred to the Psychological Therapies Department. The letter noted that he had had one inpatient admission three years previously due to paranoia and risk of suicide. He was currently being supported by community mental health services. A differential diagnosis of Delusional Disorder – Paranoid Type, (ICD 10- F22.0) and Paranoid Personality Disorder (ICD 10 – F60.0) as defined by the ICD 10 manual (World Health Organisation, 1992) was indicated. Theoretical perspectives Delusions are irrational beliefs, held with a high level of conviction, that are resistant to change even when the...
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...familiar as 'symptoms' of mental illness. For example, to shut down physically and cease to compete is depression (Gilbert 1992), and drugs and alcohol provide a straightforward way out. As psychological therapists, our task is to devise, evaluate and, most importantly, persuade the client to adopt alternative, healthier, ways of coping; ways that offer less immediate relief, but which do not trap the person in a diminished quality of life. By explaining breakdown in terms of coping with intolerable affect, this approach, developed and evaluated in an acute hospital setting (Durrant, Clarke & Wilson 2007), enables us to offer more adapted skills for coping with affect as the solution. This 'third wave Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)' approach (Hayes, Strosahl, & Wilson, 1999) takes seriously the discontinuities in human information processing (Teasdale & Barnard 1993) and employs mindfulness to manage them. The coping mechanisms considered are: • Mindfulness • Arousal management techniques • Emotion Regulation skills (Linehan 1993a & b) • Skills for coping with relationships with self and others, including a compassionate mind based approach to self esteem. • Coping with psychosis. Many of these techniques are already familiar in...
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...Article Summaries Part 2 Carrie Wilson Client Perceptions of Therapy Component Helpfulness in Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety Disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the helpfulness of group cognitive-behavioral therapy in patients with anxiety disorders. The treatment required participants to be highly motivated and willing to endure unpleasant emotional states. The treatment encouraged participants to challenge long standing maladaptive beliefs. The researchers used archival data of 48 participants who completed clinical trials at University training clinic. They recruited participants by advertising in local newspapers and by obtaining referrals from mental health professionals. Participants were required to be at least 18 years old and were varied in relation to sex, race and marital status. After an interview, participants were involved in a feedback session. There were a total of twelve weekly therapy sessions. They used several different approaches to measure their findings. One was the ADIS-IV Diagnostic interview. There was also a therapy helpfulness questionnaire and a treatment credibility scale. They concluded that individuals with social phobia seems to benefit the most from CBT. CONTRIBUTION OF ART THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF AGORAPHOBIA WITH PANIC DISORDER. The objective was to examine how art therapy could assist in psychotherapeutic treatment of patients with anxiety disorders. There were seven participants between the ages...
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...Management Focusing on Acute Pain: A Multidisciplinary Concept Analysis The concept of managing acute pain is extremely significant to nursing as pain is one of the most common problems for which patients seek out health care resources. Pain is a complex and abstract concept that encompasses sensory, emotional, psychological, social, and spiritual perceptions of pain that may occur in combination with physical pain. Pain is difficult to describe and often hard to measure; although, most healthcare providers agree that pain is subjective and is to be measured qualitatively and quantitatively as the patient perceives its intensity. Pain can affect the quality of life of the individual by impacting them physically, emotionally, and financially. Pain can also impact the family and support systems. The treatment of pain and the loss of income due to pain increases the costs for health care, the individual, and the population. Analyzing and clarifying the concept of managing acute pain can increase the healthcare provider’s knowledge of acute pain management, define the concept of managing acute pain, and expand the understanding of the concept of managing acute pain. The aim of this analysis is to clarify the defining attributes of managing acute pain, identify antecedents that influence the perception of pain and the possible consequences of acute pain. Review of Literature To increase the understanding of the concept of managing acute pain, it is important to explore the definitions...
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...task that can lead to self-appraisal when completed. These goals will be person centered base on the individual needs. The task can be small steps to taking care of Adult Daily Activities (ADL’s) of self-care such as bathing, dressing, eating, cleaning their apartment, buying groceries. Other goals can be built on what the clients feel is necessary to add purpose, structure, or fulfillment. Clients can also come into the group with a goal already in place that they will like to break down to smaller steps, as example finding employment, working towards a GED or money management. The idea is that by working on these small goals it can lead to creating and attaining larger goals in the future. I will use both motivational interviewing and CBT to brainstorm goal creation of the day and to confront any thinking that might get in the way of completing the tasks. Recruitment and First Steps of the Group The first step is the screening process for potential group members. I will form a survey on a rating scale (1 to 10) that will ask general questions of clients previously group experiences. The purpose is to find out which clients are open to attending groups. For example, “how do you rate your previous experience in a group setting?” “Do you think you can benefit from a group structure?” “Will you like to...
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...DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ONLINE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION (A CASE STUDY OF CARITAS UNIVERSITY ENUGU) BY NAME: ABI THOMAS AUGUSTINE REG NO: CST/2009/378 IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN COMPUTER SCIENCE/ INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FACULTY OF NATURAL SCIENCES EXAMINATON CARITAS UNIVERSITY, AMORJI-NIKE ENUGU JULY 2013. i CERTIFICATION This is to certify that this project DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ONLINE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION (A CASE STUDY OF CARITAS UNIVERSITY, ENUGU) was carried out by; -------------------------------------------- ---------------------- NAME OF STUDENT SIGNATURE ------------------------------DATE ii APPROVAL PAGE This is to certify that this research was carried out by Abi Thomas Augustine Reg. No: CST/2009/378 of the Department of Computer Science/Information Technology , Faculty of Natural Sciences Caritas University Amorji-Nike, Enugu State. ____________________ _______________ CHIZOBA EZEME (MRS) DATE SUPERVISOR _______________________ _______________ ARINZE NWAEZE (Ph.D) DATE HEAD OF DEPARTMENT ____________________ __ _______________ Dr. BONIFACE EKECHUKWU EXTERNAL EXAMINER DATE iii DEDICATION This work is dedicated to the Almighty God for giving me the knowledge, wisdom and understanding in the pursuit of my academic career. I also extend this to my late father Chief A. E. Abi, mum, brother and sisters for all you love. May God bless you all. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I want to use this medium to express my immeasurable...
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