...Chernobyl 31 Years after Nuclear Disaster The accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant occurred on 26 April 1986. It was the largest nuclear catastrophe ever. The explosion took place in the fourth block of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, located only 120 kilometers from the capital of Ukraine - Kiev, near the border with Belarus. However, today 31 years after the Chernobyl accident, we can see the serious consequences that have left on the economy, health and the environment, in the 3 countries involved Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. Although the country most affected has been Ukraine, the other two continue to struggle with the consequences left by the radioactive clouds that reached its territory and contaminated everything they touched...
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...STAG TOURISM IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE STAG TOURISM IN EASTERN EUROPE STAG TOURISM IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE Table of contents. 1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………………… 2 2. Problem Statement…………………………………………………………………………...2 3. Methodology. …………………………………………………………………………………..3 4. Findings…………………………………………………………………………………………...5 5. Stag Tourism Destination as Place……………………………………………………. 6 6. Stag Tourism Destination as Space…………………………………………………….9 7. Advantages and Disadvantages……………………………………………………… 11 8. Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………..14 9. List of References…………………………………………………………………………..14 Page 1 of 15 STAG TOURISM IN EASTERN EUROPE STAG TOURISM IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE 1. INTRODUCTION. The market of tourist services, like any other, subject to certain, specific trends that is easily susceptible to fluctuations and depends on a number of social phenomena and processes of a truly non-market (demographic processes, changes in lifestyle, fashion, environmental and political risks, etc..). In this situation the special role plays information. It allows for the fashion direction to formulate a kind of social policy. In the case of tourism, it is an essential element of economic development. Tourism is in fact one of the few sectors of the economy in which business operators for profit formed only infrastructure needed for customers to enjoy the benefits of "property" in common: the landscape and cultural heritage material. At the turn of...
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...The topic I have chosen for my research paper is Chernobyl disaster that happened on 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Plant in Ukraine (then officially Ukrainian SSR). Chernobyl is considered to be the worst nuclear power disaster in the history. I will be talking about what caused such a big accident, effects of it for the country and the world, crisis management and consequences for people and environment. Chernobyl disaster was caused by human error. There was a test to find out how long it needs cool the reactor if engineers shut down it using only the residual steam and coasting turbines for power to run the coolant pumps. To run this test they had to switch off several automated safety systems. The experiment didn’t work out and ended as the greatest disaster in the world. The number of people whose lives were affected by the disaster is enormous. An estimated 350 000 clean-up workers or "liquidators" from the army, power plant staff, local police and fire services were initially involved in containing and cleaning up the radioactive debris during 1986-1987. About 240 000 liquidators received the highest radiation doses while conducting major mitigation activities within the 30 km zone around the reactor. Later, the number of registered liquidators rose to 600 000, although only a small fraction of these were exposed to high levels of radiation. It also resulted in an impossible to count number of Thyroid cancer cases that often result in death. The entire nearby...
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...those at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl have emphasized the need for preparing structured decision support methodologies for use in any future emergency. This paper discusses the multi-attribute aspects of such decision support, i.e. methods for supporting decisions when there are several conflicting objectives. Considerable progress has been made in application of these methods over the past 4 or 5 years. In particular, the decision-conferencing format has proved successful in helping senior decision makers understand and deal with the issues that arise in considering long-term countermeasures made. Within the RODOS project, a European initiative to build a decision support system for emergency response, multi-attribute value and utility techniques for short-term and medium-term countermeasures are being developed. However, much remains to be done, particularly in relation to the incorporation of uncertainty when there is a risk of an imminent accident. KEY WORDS: Bayesian decision analysis; decision support for environmental emergencies; decision trees; multi-attribute resource allocation; multi-attribute utility analysis; multi-attribute value analysis; radiation protection decisions; RODOS 1. INTRODUCTION Major nuclear accidents such as those at Three Mile Island and Chernobyl have focused attention on the need for coherent decision support decision making on countermeasures. I became involved in such matters during the International Chernobyl Project which was run during...
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...Go… Nuclear? What does the term “nuclear” mean to modern society? Is it a clean, efficient production of energy, or is it a mushroom cloud of death and devastation? Growing up only thirty miles from Entergy’s River Bend Nuclear Power Plant and Waterford Nuclear Power Plant, I have heard many different opinions on the topic of nuclear energy. In the last twenty years, the Federal Government has focused on going “green”, to lessen the amount and effects of carbon dioxide emissions. Currently, there are very few options on where we get our power. However, one of these sources is from nuclear power. These words cause many to tremble in fear. Some believe that nuclear power is the most effective way to produce energy. However, just because something is effective, doesn’t necessarily mean that it is worth the risk. This point has raised many questions around the world about whether or not nuclear power is the best source of alternative energy. I have had fears of something happening at River Bend. I have wondered if one day I would have to abandon my home to escape the effects of radiation. I have also wondered if these fears are due to the lack of knowledge that I have on the subject of nuclear power and if nuclear power truly is a safe source of energy. Safety is not the only concern some have when considering nuclear power in the United States. The cost to build a nuclear power plant today is unknown. With that being said, financing a new plant is very difficult...
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...shows that in clear cash terms nuclear energy makes about one tenth of the costs of coal (ExternE). But there is another group of people who think that nuclear power is harmful to the earth and the military uses from it can cause nations to fall and the earth to be heavily contaminated. With the thought of earth in the picture the use of nuclear power not only can harm this planet but it can also help it as well. This is because researches have found out that nuclear power emits zero greenhouse gasses. Which means that nuclear power will not cause any contributions to global warming. “You can’t just write nuclear off,” says Judi Greenwald, director of innovative solutions with the Pew Center on Global Climate Change, an environmental research and advocacy group. “I think everybody feels you have at least look again” at nuclear power (William M.). The...
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...Climate change has meant a renewed interest in nuclear power as a means of providing for the world’s energy needs. Discuss the implications for Australia’s mining industry? Australia is the world’s largest coal exporter and has the second largest deposit of coal in the world. Although the world is currently in the throes of a global financial crisis, Australia’s economy one of the few in the developed world to stay afloat has been buoyed considerably by its exports industry, particularly that of coal. Despite Australia’s promise to reduce carbon emissions by 5% in accordance with its commitment to the Kyoto protocol, the coal industry has been lucky enough to avoid almost all penalties that other industries are set to receive under the proposed carbon emission trading scheme . This combined with Australia continuing to stall further international discussions on combating climate change has earned Australia the reputation of “A nation of climate sinners” . It is obvious that despite a lot of rhetoric on the importance of addressing climate change, the Australian government is not willing to commit to solving the global challenge of climate change to an appreciable degree while such a large part of the Australian economy is at stake. For the Australian government to fully commit to its promises on combating climate change, a way to free the Australian economy of its coal dependence needs to be found. The world is in a new era of energy production where it is no longer a question...
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...Introduction The Walt Disney Company was originally founded in 1923; a company committed to providing quality and wholesome entertainment experiences to people of all ages. The company is known for the following four segments, which consist of Studio Entertainment, Parks and Resorts, Consumer Products and Media Networks. The Walt Disney Company consists of five (5) Disneyland and Disney Park Resorts, in total. Two are located in the United States, one in Europe and two in Asia Pacific. The original Disneyland Resort was built in 1955, in Anaheim, California; followed by Disney World Resort, Lake Buena Vista, Florida in 1971. After the success of these two large theme parks in the United States, Disney decided to expand internationally. First Tokyo Disney Resort built in 1983, secondly, Disneyland Resort Paris (EuroDisney) which opened its doors in 1992, and thirdly, Hong Kong Disneyland, opening its doors in 2005. Case Study Questions 1. The factors that contributed to EuroDisney, now called Disneyland Resort Paris, poor performance during its first year of operation was the lack of knowledge of their target market, cultural differences between the USA and Europe, and the failure to take into account that “Paris is Europe’s most-popular city destination among tourist of all nationalities”. Disney did a bad job at understanding Europeans and their lifestyles. Unfortunately, for Disney the French were neither happy nor receptive to having what they called “America Cultural...
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...(cell); E-mail: jgreenfi@fiu.edu, Office Place and Hours: EC 3660 or classroom; 6:25 – 7:40 pm Friday and by appointment. Textbook: Harris, C. E., Pritchard, M. S., Rabins, M. J., James, R., and Englehardt, E. Engineering Ethics, Cases and Concepts, (5th Edition), Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 2014, ISBN 978-1-133-93468-4 Grading: 1) Final examination. No make-up examination will be offered unless it is an emergency excused by a medical doctor. Final exam is worth 40% of grade. FEEDS students must take final exam at scheduled time in class. 2) Group paper/presentation. Group paper/presentation is worth 40% of grade. FEEDS students must present their group paper in person in class. 3) Homework. Homework is worth 20% of grade. 1 Aug 29 Introduction 2 Sept 5 Codes of Ethics-ASCE and NSPE 3 Sept 12 Chapter 1-Making the Case –Topics for group papers due 4 Sept 19 NO CLASS (Watch Henry’s Daughters DVD) 5 Sept 26...
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...causing ozone loss III. Fallout and its effects on the environment f. How people are exposed to fallout g. The effects of this exposure h. How long nuclear fallout last The atomic bomb is our single greatest piece of technology and also the worst piece of destruction we have ever created. It is because of the research in to nuclear weapons that we have had some of our greatest technological breakthroughs in electrical power and medicine. On the other hand, it is this research and testing that have changed our world completely and not for the better. According to Ramesh Thakur “When Manhattan project director J Robert Oppenheim first saw a nuclear explosion he quoted the bhagavad gita”Now I am become death, the shatterer of worlds”” (28). Because of all the superpowers dependence on nuclear weapons we are getting closer to seeing our worst nightmares of an all-out nuclear war becoming a reality. It is through the accident at the Chernobyl power plant and the dropping of the atomic weapons on Hiroshima and Nagasaki that gave scientist insight into the short and long term effects of nuclear war on the environment. Through research it has been determined that if enough nuclear weapons were exploded in a large scale nuclear war, it would make large areas of our planet uninhabitable and almost completely destroy our environment. First off there are...
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...energy crisis An Ho Brigham Young University Abstract We are facing many problems in today’s world, like: starvations in Africa, the natural resources are running out, or terrorism and genocides in Africa… But in this paper, the topic will be about the energy crisis that we are facing, which I think is affecting other problems as well. In fact, according to the newest prediction of the U.S. Energy Information Administration, the electricity demand in the United States will increase about 28 percent by 2035; and the world demand for electricity will increase 2.3 percent each year until 2035( EIA, 2011). If we keep producing energy like we are doing now, burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, we would face tremendous problems. Not just the resources might run out, but we would also face pollution, and green-house effects. Failure to develop a new technology that would produce enough clean power, would be devastating result. So when we are trying to find a new technology, why don’t we use a way we already have? I propose nuclear energy, because it will produce clean energy, and it also is more effective than wind or solar power. This is an interesting introduction TO your paper, but it needs to be a summary OF your paper. Nuclear Energy: The best help we have with the energy crisis You need an introduction with a thesis. Power plants are releasing carbon dioxide into the air. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the largest source...
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...Research and Development of Freeform Gameplay in Computer Games Contextual Report Contents Section 1: Introduction………………………………………………………… | 1 | 1.1 The Project……………………………………………………………... | 1 | 1.1.1 Project Key Words…………………………………………… | 1 | 1.1.2 What is Freeform Gameplay?.............................. | 1 | 1.1.3 Project Goal…………………………………………………….. | 1 | 1.1.4 Project Context……………………………………………….. | 2 | 1.1.5 Project Objectives…………………………………………… | 3 | 1.1.6 Techniques for Realisation………………………………. | 3 | 1.1.7 Structure of This Report………………………………….. | 4 | Section 2: The Contextual Review……………………………………….. | 6 | 2.1 Market Research…………………………………………………….. | 6 | 2.1.1 Categorisation of Gameplay Elements…………….. | 6 | 2.1.2 Game Comparisons…………………………………………. | 8 | 2.1.3 Comparison Analysis………………………………………. | 9 | 2.2 Market Surveys……………………………………………………….. | 11 | 2.2.1 Target Audience……………………………………………… | 11 | 2.2.2 Survey Approach…………………………………………….. | 11 | 2.2.3 Questionnaire…………………………………………………. | 12 | 2.2.4 Survey Results………………………………………………… | 12 | Section 3: Project Planning………………………………………………….. | 17 | 3.1 Design Blueprints……………………………………………………. | 17 | 3.1.1 Design Approach……………………………………………...
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...EARTH POLLUTION By: GLEIDI B. LEOGAN (BSE-1A) TO: DR. ROSEL W. DELES (ENG.2) I. INTRODUCTION Pollution is a major global concern because of its harmful effects on the person’s health and on the environment. Everyone is affected as we are all inhabitants of this one and only place we call home, our planet Earth. Each person has something to contribute to prevent its further deterioration, to help ourselves, the children and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come. We can help combat pollution in our own immediate environment if we are aware of the nature and form of pollutions and its effects on us and the environment. A pollutant is a waste material that pollutes air, water or soil. Three factors determine the severity of a pollutant, its chemical nature, the concentration and the persistence. There are two main categories of pollutants. Biodegradable pollutants are materials, such as sewage, that rapidly decompose by natural processes. These pollutants become a problem when added to the environment faster than they can decompose. Non-degradable pollutants are materials that either do not decompose or decompose slowly in the natural environment. Once contamination occurs, it is difficult or impossible to remove these pollutants from the environment. I. SOURCES OF EARTH POLLUTION A. AIR POLLUTION SMOG OVER SANTIAGO Set in an enclosed...
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...EARTH POLLUTION By: GLEIDI B. LEOGAN (BSE-1A) TO: DR. ROSEL W. DELES (ENG.2) I. INTRODUCTION Pollution is a major global concern because of its harmful effects on the person’s health and on the environment. Everyone is affected as we are all inhabitants of this one and only place we call home, our planet Earth. Each person has something to contribute to prevent its further deterioration, to help ourselves, the children and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come. We can help combat pollution in our own immediate environment if we are aware of the nature and form of pollutions and its effects on us and the environment. A pollutant is a waste material that pollutes air, water or soil. Three factors determine the severity of a pollutant, its chemical nature, the concentration and the persistence. There are two main categories of pollutants. Biodegradable pollutants are materials, such as sewage, that rapidly decompose by natural processes. These pollutants become a problem when added to the environment faster than they can decompose. Non-degradable pollutants are materials that either do not decompose or decompose slowly in the natural environment. Once contamination occurs, it is difficult or impossible to remove these pollutants from the environment. I. SOURCES OF EARTH POLLUTION A. AIR POLLUTION SMOG OVER SANTIAGO Set in an enclosed...
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...How does attachment influence the social and emotional development of the child? In your answer refer to the usefulness and the critiques of the attachment theory. A child’s social and emotional development has significant implications for the social functioning of a child throughout their lives, in their education, friendships and employment. A child with poor or social and emotional development are at risk of experiencing poor relationships with peers, academic problems and can lead them into involvement in unsociable activities or crime. Research suggests the key to social and emotional development lies in the child’s early relationship with parents and caregivers. It is believed that children develop and thrive better when they are brought up in an environment where the caregiver satisfies a child’s needs physically and emotionally. Throughout the Late 1930s and 1940s a psychologist John Bowlby investigated the nature and the purpose of the close relationships that a person forms with people throughout their lives, in particular, childhood. He researched the making and breaking of bonds to understand the psychological behaviour and social and emotional development of human being (Howe, 1995, P46). As a result of these investigations and studies Bowlby developed a theory called the ‘Attachment Theory’. The basis of this theory is that “the infant and young child should experience warm, intimate and continuous relationships between the child and the mother” (Steele...
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