...method of treatment was pharmacology and when the method of treatment was pharmacology along with behavior modification. Behavior modification refers to programs that were administered in an academic environment or behavior programs that were part of psychotherapy. This paper specifically addresses the academic effects of treatment with medication, the effects of treatment with medication and behavior modification, and the effects of treatment with behavior modification alone. Keywords: ADHD; children; adolescents; behavioral; academic; treatment Effective Treatment for Children and Adolescents with ADHD Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a complex mental disorder that is controversial because of its method of diagnosis and detection. Children and adolescents with ADHD generally have difficulty concentrating, finishing tasks, controlling behavior, acting impulsively, and being overactive. Managing youth with ADHD can be difficult for parents, teachers and others that have direct contact with the child or adolescent. Medication is one of the most common first lines of treatment used to manage and alleviate the symptoms of ADHD in children and adolescents, but professional research has shown that medication alone may not be the most effective way to manage the disruptive symptoms of this disorder for all children and adolescents. Behavior modification plans and programs, and psychotherapy are effective treatments for some children and adolescents with ADHD...
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...and more. My client is also involved in occupational therapy to help address her behavioral issues. My client attends the Head Start program so that her mother can work full time. This client’s strengths are her sense of humor, kind heart, and cooperativeness in sessions. This client is also able to learn very quickly and seems to have a strong support network available to her as her mother seems to be willing to be involved tin treatment and knowledgeable about how to navigate the social supports her family needs. Problem Formulation/Theoretical Orientation/Literature Review Clinical Formulation...
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...In conclusion, it is evident that each independent variable offers benefits of their own in regards to the best practices for early autism intervention. Special education programs in schools have always existed and is a fairly consistent program for a child with a considerable support system beneficial for students with high-functioning ASD. For students with low-functioning ASD, a more appropriate program would include early autism intervention. A residential, center-based option would allow for more a more personalized program tailored to a child’s needs through an intense program targeting individual goals and developmental functionality. In contrast, an ABA-based classroom within a mainstream school has proven beneficial to improving social...
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...difficulties are very clear: children who continue to experience difficulties in Grade 3 seldom catch up in later grades. The consequences are well documented. These children are at risk of failing school and dropping out, and they may have limited career opportunities in adulthood. Therefore, it is important to have the conditions and resources – including time, manageable class size, materials, and learning opportunities – that enable teachers to meet the challenges of ensuring that all children learn to read. The Nature of Reading Difficulties The foundations of good reading are the same for all children. All readers, regardless of their age, gender, or aptitude, need to develop fluency, comprehension, and the motivation to read in order to become successful readers. Children who experience reading difficulties are no exception. They too must develop the basic foundations for reading, and they require the same types of learning experiences to do so. Most young children with reading difficulties have problems developing fluency. For these children, identifying words takes a lot of effort. Their reading rate is slow, their word identification is hesitant, and they overrely on contextual cues for word identification. Because most of their cognitive or mental effort is spent trying to identify words, their...
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...of Nursing After the passing of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) by the congress, it has become clear that the whole health care system is in need of a major transformation. The future of the health care system is focused on health maintenance, disease prevention, and providing quality and affordable care to the public. Nurses are at the heart of this renovation. Institute of Medicine (IOM) in partnership with Robert Johnson Foundation, released the report The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health on October 5, 2010.This report compiled two years of research and is based on top nursing practices in the United States. It explores the need of change in the nursing profession and includes recommendations for this transformation in order to meet the demands of the new and complex health care system. The main segments of suggested modifications are nursing education, practice, and leadership (Institute of Medicine [IOM], 2010). Nurses must achieve higher levels of education and implement obtained knowledge to encounter the challenges of health care. The IOM report emphasizes the need of health care professionals that are better prepared to care for people with chronic conditions. To do this, nurses will need to be better educated as care becomes more complicated. Through advanced education, nurses will gain better understanding, more abilities, and perspectives to participate with other health care providers and become more independent (Herter, 2011). The IOM recommends...
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...that are discussed in the sections below. Rita Jordan-Behavioural and Communication Intervention TEACCH Programme The programme is community based and targets children and adults with autism and communication disabilities. TEACCH aims at developing communication skills among autistic children, and help them work and play independently of adults (Jordan, Jones and Murray, 1998). The development of communication skills is based on their understanding capability and their ability to express themselves. The programme teaches several ways of communication, such as the use of photographs and pictures, symbols and words, and objects of reference. The programmes assist children with autism in their childhood and provide them with support in their adulthood. The trainers focus on the strengths and interests displayed by the students and also address the emerging skills. Part of the training involves interacting and engaging in learning activities with normally developing children (Jordan, Jones and Murray,...
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...Disability Project: Asian Culture Paper Culture strongly impacts people’s understanding of disabilities and the usage of outside support. In the Asian culture, having a disability is often seen as taboo. Taboo is defined as a custom prohibiting or restricting a particular practice or forbidding association with a particular person, place, or thing. According to the Asian culture, having a disability automatically labels you as an outcast and a worthless citizen (Tsao, 2000). In many Asian countries, if you are disabled, you are thought to be incapable of learning and not seen as a member of society. Some Asians tend to attribute the cause of a child’s disability to supernatural influences or sins committed by the child’s ancestors. Parents of children with disabilities often try to shelter them from the outside world (Tsao, 2000). Asian parents with children, who have disabilities, often experience great shame and feelings of obligation toward the child. Because it is believed that it is the mothers fault, she often bears the blame for her child’s disability. Most mothers of children with disabilities assume the majority of caring duties for the child especially in the public settings. Some fathers deny or ignore the child with disability and frequently do not participate in caring for their disabled children. Asian parents are stereotypically very hard on their children when it comes to their academic performance; their grades are seen as a reflection of the family. When it...
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...Disability Project: Asian Culture Paper Culture strongly impacts people’s understanding of disabilities and the usage of outside support. In the Asian culture, having a disability is often seen as taboo. Taboo is defined as a custom prohibiting or restricting a particular practice or forbidding association with a particular person, place, or thing. According to the Asian culture, having a disability automatically labels you as an outcast and a worthless citizen (Tsao, 2000). In many Asian countries, if you are disabled, you are thought to be incapable of learning and not seen as a member of society. Some Asians tend to attribute the cause of a child’s disability to supernatural influences or sins committed by the child’s ancestors. Parents of children with disabilities often try to shelter them from the outside world (Tsao, 2000). Asian parents with children, who have disabilities, often experience great shame and feelings of obligation toward the child. Because it is believed that it is the mothers fault, she often bears the blame for her child’s disability. Most mothers of children with disabilities assume the majority of caring duties for the child especially in the public settings. Some fathers deny or ignore the child with disability and frequently do not participate in caring for their disabled children. Asian parents are stereotypically very hard on their children when it comes to their academic performance; their grades are seen as a reflection of the family. When it...
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...these decisions for them. Postoperative pain in the pediatric patient may be hard to assess and therefore healthcare professionals have begun to involve family members and caregivers in the pain management process. Pain can stem from many sources and thus must be holistic, involve multiple disciplines, provide education and apply to each individual patient. In practice, advocacy for these young children is important in helping them and their families understand about the situation and make education decisions on how to proceed with care. The concept of postoperative pediatric pain management must be analyzed to help resolve these misconceptions and not ignore the population who at times cannot speak for themselves. Review of Literature After a surgical procedure, the pediatric patient will come into contact with many healthcare professionals including nurses, doctors, and psychologists. Each of these disciplines plays a key role in aiding the pediatric patient in the management of their pain. Nursing Discipline Sutters et al. (2007) examined pediatric patients following a tonsillectomy procedure in order to assess their perceptions and expectations of...
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...form has been announced by a group of scientists at the J. Craig Venter Institute (sample, 2010). Genetic engineering is the study of modifying the genetic of cells, in order to produce enhanced organisms. It modifies the genetics' structure of an organism by making changes to DNA. This new creation of DNA is injected in plants, animals, or humans, in order to create enhanced crops, animals, or prevent genetic diseases. One of the major fields in genetic engineering is the human field. According to Asch, a biochemistry researcher in Canada, the study of genetic modification in humans involves changes in the DNA, in order to prevent disease, alter human body structure, and changes the human him/herself (Asch, 2011). What about designing a new baby? Dr. Jeff Steinberg,...
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...Abstract This paper includes a reference list of literature relating to components of successful inclusion for students with Autism Spectrum Disorder. In general, the literature seems to indicate what practices are effective for successfully including ASD students with typical peers, as well as, if inclusion is right for all ASD students. The literature includes evidence that the different components support students’ progress in general education settings. More empirical data needs to be collected to see if different components work for all students with Autism Spectrum Disorder while with typical peers. Keywords: students with ASD, inclusion, typical peers, successful strategies, perceptions of inclusion, support, and modification for students. Topical Reference List: Inclusion of Autism Spectrum Disorder Students Until recently, the common practice was to pull children with Autism or other disabilities out of regular education classrooms for majority of the day or even have them completely segregated. It seemed more efficient to provide specialized instruction in separate classrooms where children with Autism could received individualized attention without having to alter the mainstream curriculum that typical peers received. But, different practices were proposed in the 1980’s for greater efforts to “include” students with disabilities into regular education classrooms. The main purpose of my study is to determine how full inclusion makes a difference...
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...eview Diabetes in the classroom: The unseen disability Efficiently managing the blood glucose levels of the diabetic child in the elementary classroom is essential in maintaining the overall health of the whole child. Today, there are many documented academic, behavioral, and health related consequences related to poor care of the diabetic child. In today’s education systems, it is imperative that teachers become aware of the nature of the disease and the elements of care in order to effectively manage the Blood Glucose Levels (BGL) of the child. Maintaining desired BGL (between 70- 140) is key in ensuring the long and short-term health of the diabetic child. Diabetes is a disease that affects 1 in every 400 children in the United States (www.diabetes123.com, 2007). Young children with diabetes require special care and monitoring when attending school. Unfortunately, teachers may be unaware of the disease or how to care for a child with the disease. Furthermore, young children may not have the ability to communicate their needs effectively. Efficient management of the blood glucose levels (BGL) is linked to positive health overall. This fact makes it imperative that teachers learn to manage the care of the diabetic student in their classroom and be aware of, and capable of addressing, the needs these young children require. Diabetes is a disease that affects the functioning of the pancreas. With diabetes the pancreas creates little or no insulin which is a hormone the...
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...school is the effect on their peers’ standard of achievement. Kalambouka et al. (2007) reviewed the literature in the past two decades’ policy and practices in inclusion and reiterated that there are no adverse effects; in fact, the outcomes were better or neutral. Additionally, the positive effects were more on academic areas than on social ones. Though most of the studies were based in the US, it can be concluded that having SEN students in mainstream school is not a hindrance but rather has a positive effect. Therefore, it stresses the need to move towards an inclusive education and that is the way forward, though there are challenges in terms of policy and practices. On examining within the regional context...
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...Principles of Learning and Teaching STUDENTS AS LEARNERS – 35% THEORISTS LEV VYGOTSKY http://facultyweb.cortland.edu/andersmd/VYG/ VYG.HTML JEROME BRUNER http://tip.psychology.org/bruner.ht ml JOHN DEWEY http://www.infed.org/thinkers/e t-dewey.htm Importance of CULTURE humans use of tools and symbols to learn – culture dictates what we learn and how • Higher and Lower mental functions – elementary (or lower) functions gradually transform to HMF through culture • Central ROLE OF LANGUAGE: Language is made possible because of our culture (tools and symbols). The learning of language (or signs) is brought about by social processes, and language or signs ultimately make thought possible. Three stages in the development of speech a. Social speech – speech to control the behavior of others b. Egocentric speech – three to seven year olds – talking to themselves to learn c. Inner speech – soundless speech – thinking in our head • ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT: The discrepancy between a child's mental age [indicated by the static test] and the level he reaches in solving problems with assistance is the zone of his proximal development. _________________________________ ABRAHAM MASLOW http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/m aslow.html HEIRARCY OF NEEDS • Physiological needs • Safety needs • Belonging needs • Esteem needs • Self-actualization • Principles: learning is an active process in which learners construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current/past knowledge – DISCOVERY...
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...Juste Sanchez Strayer University March 11, 2012 Abstract This paper defines the area of law entitled family law; what it means and does along with a problem area in which I am here to provide a solution to. The problem area within family is that of the child custody and support; judges do not look out for the best interest of the children. My solution is that judges need to be more managed by the Supreme Court, rotated or moved in and out of the job every two years or removed from the position altogether. Family Law Family law is a very complex and diverse legal part of the entire legal field. Family law courts handle cases of divorce, annulment, separate maintenance, paternity, grandparent visitation, allocation of custodial parents (non-married parents), child support, domestic violence; anything involving family support proceedings except abuse and neglect cases. In West Virginia there are 45 judges for each 27 circuits, usually amounts to one judge per county unless it is a large county in which there will be 2-3 judges or a small county which one judge will be assigned for two counties (Courtswv, 2010). Rules of civil procedure apply to all parties including attorneys and/or non-represented persons. All orders are public record but all pleadings, recordings, exhibits, transcripts or other documents contained in the court file will not be available for public inspection except by the involved parties, their attorney’s and/or Guardian Ad Litem’s in the case. (WVCode...
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