...Essay The purpose of this essay is to critically evaluate the statement “Mechanistic and bureaucratic organisations will probably struggle to encourage organisational learning”. I will approach this statement by highlighting my main argument then providing four key points which will reinforce said statement. I understand of this question that encouraged to be defined as “To give support” in the sense of designing policies to encourage organisational learning. With this in mind main argument for this statement is mechanistic organisations wouldn’t struggle to encourage organisational learning however scope for learning will be limited due to employee behaviours and management styles and in order to enable full capacity within organisation learning a shit would be required away from the mechanist approach. First of all I believe it would be simple for burecratic organisations to encourage organisational learning due to the Strict hierarchy, rules and regulations and power in position slides which exists combined with employee’s to have strong compliance to manager commands, processes and rulers and regulations (Max Weber). I believe if managers were to enforce forms of organisational learning such as group work, single and double loop learning (Agyris & Schon, 1978), Kolbs learning cycle (Kolb, 1984) employees would follow procedures due to the high controlling authairitive relationship which exists between employees and managers. An example of this would be when working...
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...Case 1.1: Case on role of HR manager Chadha, N.K. (2002). Worker’s troubles in China. In Human Resource Development: Issues, Case Studies and Experiential Exercises (2nd Ed.) (pp. 12-13). New Delhi: Shri Sai Publishers After centuries of economic isolation, China, under a communist–led government began to undergo economic liberalisation in the 1980’s. This economic liberalisation led to foreign contacts which raised hopes among many for greater freedom and control of their own lives. Increased foreign investment and trade seemed to be improving China’s economic situation and also the condition of workers. For example a survey of personnel practices in China by the Wyatt Company indicated that Chinese nationals who worked in foreign owned companies or joint ventures earned low salaries but had high fringe benefits. Workers in Chinese companies, however, did not fare so well. China’s labour ministry recorded more than 8000 strikes in 1993, none of which was legal. Another major issue plaguing Chinese factories was that of safety. Gas explosions in coal mines took the lives of more than 750 workers in just the first 3 months of 1994, and there were more than a 1000 killed in similar accidents in 1993. Late in 1993, there were two fines because of poor labour practices in which 145 Chinese workers perished. In January, 1994, new regulations were passed stipulating fire prevention, ventilation and other standards for factories as well as the dormitories in which factory workers lived...
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...Research Question: How migrant Chinese women cope with life in Singapore. As a migrant nation, the issue of immigration has always been an immanent theme in Singapore. In recent years, migrant workers in Singapore have come under scrutiny due to the scale at which foreigners are entering the country, with almost 1.5 million non-residents living in Singapore making up more than a quarter of our population of 5.4 million (Ministry of Manpower, 2013) of which many are also new citizens and permanent residents, who might be considered outsiders in some contexts. This influx of foreigners has always been a hot topic in Singapore, ranging from the common discourse of jobs being ‘stolen’ to domestic altercations being blown up by the media (see the curry incident; The Telegraph, 2011). Additionally, the recent announcement of the Population White Paper by the Singapore government was taken very negatively by the civil population as it initially planned to bolster the workforce by greatly increase the number of foreigners such that native Singaporeans would only comprise of a small percentage of the population (Population White Paper, 2013). As such, media and public discourse regarding immigration has been largely Singaporean-centric in nature, revolving around how foreigners have affected Singapore and its occupants; not enough has been done to investigate the experiences and conditions of migrants living in Singapore. This paper will focus on migrant Chinese women in Singapore, following...
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...Industrial Relations in China :A Case Study of Foxconn Suicides Abstract As globalization affected the whole world, the contradiction between leaders and labors has become a world-wide problem. In China, a series of employees’ suicides attracted the public and media’s concentration to consider this problem. A Taiwanese electronics corporation, is acting as the protagonist in this issue and now earning an internationally notorious reputation of running sweatshops. This paper analyze the cause of ongoing trend of exploitation of workers in China with the example of Foxconn, and examine the reasons behind those suicides from the perspective of management, workers and related laws. Based on the fundamental information of China, to illustrate my own analysis about this case from ethical and legal point, and to criticize Foxconn’s management strategy, industrial relations and the gaps of Chinese laws. Keywords: workers’ exploitation, China, Foxconn, suicides, inustrial relations 1. Introduction 1.1 Background and significance of the topic With the rapid development of Chinese economy and the increasing globalization of business competition, the various types of enterprises in China have been booming development, rapid increases in the number and size of foreign investment in China to hire to do business, and further reform of state-owned enterprises increase, the private sector, the number and the number of employees of private enterprises in recent years, is also...
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...JOCM 11,4 282 Foreign companies and Chinese workers: employee motivation in the People’s Republic of China Terence Jackson Centre for Cross Cultural Management Research, EAP European School of Management, Oxford, UK and Mette Bak BASF, Shanghai, China Introduction: the challenge of motivating Chinese employees At the end of 1978, during its “third plenum”, the Chinese Communist Part Central Committee gave economic reform top-level priority. Following the Second Session of the Fifth National People’s Congress on 1 July 1979, foreigners were permitted by law “to establish equity joint ventures together with Chinese companies, enterprises or other economic organizations … within the territory of the People’s Republic of China, on the principle of equity and mutual benefit” (PRC, 1987). Since the beginning of these economic reforms in 1979 the Chinese economy has exploded, with an average annual growth rate in GNP of 10 per cent over the last decade, with the attainment of 20 per cent in the coastal areas designated “special economic zones” (EIU, 1994). Foreign direct investment more than doubled between 1987 and 1990 (Kelley and Shenkar, 1993), despite a slow-down after the Tiananmen Square incident, with an estimate of more than 150,000 joint ventures in China. Much of this investment comes from Hong Kong (68.2 per cent in 1992) and other countries of Eastern Asia, with European countries, and even the USA (with 4.6 per cent in 1992) badly represented. Despite this...
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...A Case Study Analysis of Foxconn: Perspective of a manufacturing sweatshop in China Boyao Zhang R/W Grad VI University of Delaware English Language Institute May 29th, 2016 A Case Study Analysis of Foxconn: Perspective of a manufacturing sweatshop in China An irreversible trend of economic globalization presents opportunities and challenges in China. Overall, foreign direct investment (FDI) and open trade, two major elements of commercial globalization, have played a crucial role in the international business market in the last thirty years (Lessmann, 2013). To avoid shortcomings, numerous developed countries have established their manufacturing industries in developing countries. Due to the advantages of lower labor cost and abundant resources, China has become the first choice of international manufacturing processing enterprises; therefore, as far as China's economy is concerned, the manufacturing processing industry is a vital element of national income and a crucial part of China's economic structure (Chan, 2013). Nevertheless, although it is indisputable that FDI and open trade have positive effects on the Chinese economy and the development of technology, in recent years, Chinese economic and environmental issues are undeniably caused by economic globalization. (Chen & Ge, 2010; Lessmann, 2013). Foxconn, a representative company of manufacturing industry in China, is a beneficiary and victim of FDI and open trade (Guo, 2012). This case analyzes the labor...
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...1 Faculty of Economic Sciences, Communication and IT Department of Business Administration Garment Industry Analysis in China Case Study on YiChang Richart Factory Limited Degree Thesis of 30 credit points Service Science LIU XIANG & XING ZHENZHEN Karlstads universitet 651 88 Karlstad Tfn 054-700 10 00 Fax 054-700 14 60 Information@kau.se www.kau.se Supervisor: Lars Haglund 1. ABSTRACT Purpose - In manufacturing industry, China is the most powerful all over the world. The garment industry is one of the most important parts in the market for manufacturing goods. And for the garment industry, China is the largest export country in the world. When we go shopping, we can see a lot of tags about ―made in China‖. Referring to China’s exporting capability in the garment industry, we want to find out why most of international clothing companies choose China as their manufacture market for their production basement. And whether the ―made in China‖ tagged in clothes is influencing consumer behavior or not. Moreover, the authors would like to provide some feasible suggestions on the management for the Chinese garment manufacturers, especially in the labor force problem. Methodology - This paper mainly takes the methodologies of literature review, both qualitative and quantitative analysis in case study, and questionnaire survey. The literatures reviewed here include company articles, academic papers, books, and website information. And in consumer...
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...FOXCONN ANALYSIS A startling 17 young workers attempted or committed suicide at the Foxconn production facilities in China between January and August 2010 attracted worldwide attention. This article looks at the historical development of Foxconn Technology Group as a case to reveal the advent of rapid capital expansion in China and its impacts on Chinese workers’ lives. It also provides an account on the social and political origins of the advent of monopoly capital in China through a detailed study of Foxconn production expansion. As a legend of capital expansion in manufacturing industry, Foxconn is important and typical of its speed and its scale in the process of capital accumulation on all regions of China. We attempt to look at this miracle of capital by understanding the enigma of global capital, the nature of the transformative state, and the Chinese growth model that results in rapid capital expansion but precarious working conditions of workers. At stake, we argue that under the global competition context a strong political regime with a divided nature and the making of an unfinished working class contributed to the advent of monopoly capital and the tragedy of working lives. The third stage is the advent of monopoly of capital by merging as well as by relocating their production facilities in all regions of China by particularly tapping into China’s go-west development strategy in the 2000s. The suicide wave in 2010 created a strategic moment when it further expanded...
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...the Shui Fabrics Case Study to show how to manage effectively globally. The case is about an American company Rocky River Industries, a textile manufacturer, and a Chinese company Shanghai Fabric, a fabric company, forming a 50-50 joint venture that would produce, dye, and coat fabric for sale to both Chinese and international sportswear manufacturers. With this case I will show the differences in cultural views between the Chinese and Americans by using the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) project value dimensions (Daft, 2012). I will also show problems that arose by not understanding the different cultures between the U.S. and China. It will also show the importance of learning the cultural values of other countries. I also will be doing an “Experimental Exercise” that focuses on my strengths and weaknesses and my potential to deal effectively with different cultures. Problems This case analysis is about Shui Fabrics and some of the problems that were faced between the Chinese culture and American culture. Chiu Wai, the Chinese deputy general manager, felt that with the company employing close to 3,000 employees it was making a contribution to the economy when the unemployment rate was around 20 percent. Paul Danvers, the U.S. Company’s president, felt that with labor cost being reduced that they could incorporate some sophisticated technology and reduce that workforce. He felt that they should not have as many workers as they would in...
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...disability; however, in reality, individuals experience inequality in the form of racism throughout the Canadian society. For instance, a few months ago, a black male was asked to leave the St. Laurent shopping centre by the mall securities as the position of his pants were viewed as not family-friendly but this type of fashion is normal for teenagers who are influenced by the hip-hop culture. As the man did not want to cause any trouble, he obeyed the securities but as he was escorted, the securities used unnecessary forces which caused scars and bruises to the individual. Furthermore, the black male was arrested and detained for 3 hours, then fined $65 by the Ottawa Police, and banned from the mall for 5 years. One witness stated that this was a case of racial profiling as she saw that the mall securities had no reason to assault the individual. Although many deny the existence of racism in the Canadian society, this type of inequality still largely exists. To further analyze this topic, articles written by various scholars on racial profiling in the criminal justice system and racism in the workplace in Canada will be compared and contrasted. Moreover, various sociological concepts learned from the class will be applied to explain racism. In addition, the Symbolic interactionist and Conflict perspectives will be compared and contrasted to have a better understanding of racism. Racism has been a long-standing problem that various individuals face in the Canadian society throughout the...
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...evidence base through research projects exploring the scope and experience of forced labour in the UK. The following four projects have been funded in this phase. The lead project holder and institution are given for each project. Findings from this research will be published during 2011. The scope of forced labour in the UK – Sam Scott, University of Bristol This study will examine the relationship between vulnerable work and labour exploitation in the UK by assessing the scale and scope of ‘forced labour’. The overall aim is to determine the degree to which the six elements of forced labour – as defined by the International Labour Organisation – can be said to be present across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Beyond this broad aim, the team are also interested in the groups and sectors most associated with forced labour and the policies in place to combat the problem (or compensate victims of it). Secondary data will be collected from four sources: • Academic and ‘grey’ literature • Legal and policy documents • Case material from organisations working with exploited workers (the Citizens Advice Bureau (CAB), unions, religious organisations, government agencies) • Media coverage Primary data will be collected from three sources: • Sector focus groups • Local interviews and focus groups with organisations/representatives working with victims of forced labour • Elite interviews with national stakeholders either: working to prevent...
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...The changing landscape for Chinese small business: the case of ‘‘Bags of Luck’’ Lee Zhuang Lee Zhuang is a Principal Lecturer in Strategic Management at Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK. General background Company history ) in Chinese Pinyin, is located Founded in 1992, Bags of Luck (BoL), or Xingyun Bao ( in a small coastal town, Xiao Min Nan (XMN), in South Eastern Fujian province, People’s Republic of China, halfway between the coastal cities of Xiamen and Quanzhou. As an industrial park, XMN was created out of Yang’s oyster farming village with a population of just under 1,000. The name of the village derived from the fact that most of the indigenous villagers were descendents of a local Yang family. With its geographic proximity to and cultural similarity with Taiwan, XMN was developed at the beginning of the 1990s with the most advanced infrastructure with the aim of attracting Taiwanese investors to set up manufacturing facilities there to take advantage of cheap labour and tax incentives. After 20 years’ of explosive development, XMN has grown to become a bustling modern town hosting over 2,000 manufacturing firms, 80 per cent of which are foreign invested, with a working population of 500,000. Almost 100 per cent of the goods manufactured in XMN are labour intensive products designed abroad and exported to North America and the EU. The products made here include shoes, bags, clothing and small plastic kitchen utensils. In the early phase of development...
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... CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION China: World Economic and Manufacturing Centre Why Are Human Rights so Important for International Business? Chinese Legislation: Gap Between Theory and Practice p. 3 p. 4 p. 6 II. SPECIFIC ISSUES AND RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Freedom of Association, the Right to Form and Join Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining 2. Working Conditions 3. Discrimination 4. Forced Labour 5. Forced Evictions 6. The Rights of Children 7. The Right to Freedom of Expression and Information p. 8 p. 12 p. 16 p. 20 p. 23 p. 26 p. 29 p. 32 p. 33 p. 34 p. 37 III. GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS TO COMPANIES IV. CONCLUSION V. LEGAL STANDARDS AND SOURCES VI. CONTACT ADDRESSES 2 I. INTRODUCTION China: World Economic and Manufacturing Centre Over the years China has become one of the largest economies in the world and the manufacturing centre of the world. Since the seventies, China has sought joint venture partners and encouraged technology transfer through foreign investment. Chinese firms are successfully manufacturing products on behalf of numerous foreign companies. The Chinese government provides massive contracts to foreign firms in order to build up the infrastructure required for its industrialization. Many companies establish distribution networks in China in order to benefit from the large home-market and increasing purchasing power of Chinese consumers. Last but not least, in 2008 China organized the first Olympic Games in its long history. However, businesses and governments...
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...Case Study: China Myths, China Facts Julliana Schlemper Embry-Riddle Aeronautic University Organizational Behavior & Change MGMT520 Fernando Muniz April 27, 2016 Case Study: China Myths, China Facts Introduction Considered the second-largest economy in the world, that should surpass the US in the next decade, China has a very unique culture. When I think about China, in a business way, I think about very serious people that know what they want and go get it. Chinese people like to know you more than what other people from other nationalities would. This way, Chinese can learn more about the person and know if they can trust you or not. Most of what Chinese do in business has to do with trust and how it’s built. The biggest difference between the West people and the Chinese people is we work on building a trust relationship (Harvard Business Review, 2015). In this case study, I will comment about three myths that surround China’s culture, work ethic and management techniques. The three myths are collectivism, long-term deliberations and risk aversion. Discussion Questions 1. Has this presentation challenged any assumptions you had about China and the Chinese people? Yes. Movies, News, the media in general, have pictured China as a culture that is more inclined to the individualism more than collectivism. It was new to me to know that workers in China are more inclined to self-interest than their communities and the companies they work for. 2. Using your...
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...| Assignment Handling ServicesDivision of Information ServicesNathan CampusGRIFFITH UNIVERSITY QLD 4111 | ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET | DATE RECEIVED: Postmark: DATE RECEIVED: Postmark: Please complete all sections below Course Code: 3033IBA Course Name: Managing People in Global Economy Due Date: 27/04/2015 Assessment Item #: 3 Enrolment: Off Campus On Campus Campus (Enrolled) Nathan GC Logan Mt G SB Course Tutor: Dr Anne Christie Course Convenor: Dr Anne Christie Please provide your STUDENT NUMBER: s2681179 Student Name: Joshua Grima ACADEMIC INTEGRITY DECLARATION Breaches of academic integrity (cheating, plagiarism, falsification of data, collusion) seriously compromise student learning, as well as the University’s assessment of the effectiveness of that learning and the academic quality of the University’s awards. All breaches of academic integrity are taken seriously and could result in penalties including failure in the course and exclusion from the University. Students should be aware that the University uses text-matching software to safeguard the quality of student learning and that your assignment will be checked using this software. I acknowledge and agree that the examiner of this assessment item may, for the purpose of marking this assessment item: reproduce this assessment item and provide a copy to another Griffith staff member; and/ submit this assessment...
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