...Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy CTE is a deterioration of the brain and can also be defined as a progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is caused by repetitive head trauma. CTE first came along in 1928 and was described by New Jersey medical examiner, Dr. Harrison Martland. Martland began to notice a group of related symptoms in boxers (confusion, speech problems, tremors, and slow movement). He published an article entitled “Punch Drunk,” in which he describes the boxers as, “cuckoo,” “goofy,” “cutting paper dolls,” or “slug nutty” (Journal of the American Association, 1928). Later, this was termed dementia pugilistica, which actually means dementia of a fighter. With the growth of our sports like American football, symptoms of CTE were being reported in a number of athletes other than boxers and in the 1960s, it was renamed Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. CTE has become a very popular topic because of its close association with American football, soccer hockey, boxing, and professional wrestling. Several of the affected athletes are retired, but have struggled in their late years with anger, depression, substance abuse, memory/motor disturbances, and suicide. Autopsy results from these particular athletes have proposed a link between these cognitive, emotional, and physical manifestations and CTE. In addition to athletes, soldiers have become another group of concern being that many are returning from the battlefield and have brain injuries along with blast...
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...! ! ! ! ! ! Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! There is a dark cloud hanging over the world of contact sports and it is growing at an alarming rate. With the size and speed of today’s athletes, the sports of football and hockey have become more exciting, fast paced, wide open, and fun to watch. However, there is another consequence of these ever growing athletes on their sports. They have made the collisions in them increasingly more violent. The velocity that these athletes hurl themselves through the air has created an atmosphere that could not have been imagined when these sports were created. First described in the year 1928 (McKee 2010), Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy, or CTE, is a progressive neurodegenerative disease. ! CTE is famously regarded to be the cause of retired NFL linebacker, Junior Seau’s suicide. The disease deteriorated his brain and hindered his ability to think logically. Seau is not the only retired NFL player found to have had CTE through autopsy following their death. Mike Webster was the first football player found to have CTE, when scientists found the characteristic buildup of the tau protein in his brain. Another significant find in CTE affected brains such as his, includes the shrinkage of the hippocampus, the part of the brain responsible for memory and thinking processes. The disease was originally noticed in boxers, first being called “punch drunk.” These boxers were described as...
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...Social and Personal Effects of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Madison McCoy The social and personal effects of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) have many aspects and have been recorded by many institutions. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy is a neurodegenerative disease caused by head trauma (Yuan pg 1). The diagnosis of this disease is difficult, considering it can only be done post-mortem during an autopsy. When performing brain biopsies, searching for the neurofibrillary tangles is not a practical option for an early diagnosis of CTE. CTE is more commonly known as concussions, and are usually caused by sport injuries. Symptoms of CTE include irritability, aggression, suicidal thoughts, memory problems, motor impairment and much...
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...can be extended if the victim does not report his/her concussion. This is frequently the case, as 25% of people who suffer a concussion are never “assessed” by medical professionals (“11 Facts About”). In the brains of dead NFL players, there is a certain phenomenon found called chronic traumatic encephalopathy, also known as CTE. CTE is “the term used to describe brain degeneration likely caused by repeated head traumas,” (“Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy”). CTE can only be found in the brain during an autopsy, so a definite diagnosis is not possible for a live human (“Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy”). The symptoms of CTE are a little more intense than a concussion, including “difficulty thinking, depression, short-term memory loss, emotional instability, and even suicidal thoughts,” (“Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy”). People believe that CTE causes areas of the brain to “waste away,” and brain cells can not communicate as well as normal (“Chronic Traumatic...
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...helmets and protective gear. But the use of safety equipment in the NFL has still not solved the problem of a degenerative brain disease called Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). “In CTE, a protein called Tau forms clumps that slowly spread throughout the brain, killing brain cells” (Concussion para. 1). CTE...
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...throughout the season. A total of 1,696 players played for 32 teams in 2014. Football is the most physical athletic sport played, in the Untied states of America. Injuries are often expected to occur to players each year. However, most players only expect to miss a few games before they return from an injury, not realizing the potential risk of long term injury. Every play on a National Football League field consists of head to head contact between some player, or with the ground. Retired National Football League players have proceeded to file a civil lawsuit against the National Football League because, studies have found that the helmet to helmet contact experienced in the games and practice, is causes a disease called Chronic Traumactic Enephalopathy (CTE). Statement of the Problems In order to understand if players should be allowed to file a lawsuit against the National Football League, we need to better understand exactly...
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...recent and rapidly developing topic in the world of competitive sports is the effects of concussions, and traumatic brain injury to athletes. Concussions were once thought to be an individual type of occurrence, however, it is now learned that brain injury from impacts, can have long term cumulative impact on the brain and mental health. This disorder is now known as CTE, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. In the early 20th century, this was initially called dementia pugilistica, after doctors began noticing that boxers were sustaining brain injuries after repeated impacts to the head. Mild Traumatic Brain injuries are commonly called concussions, which is an invisible injury. A concussion is caused by rapid acceleration or deceleration of the brain within the skull, .A mild traumatic brain injury or concussion is usually downplayed, due to the fact that a single occurrence usually does not lead to any long term serious health issues. A Traumatic Brain injury would be considered a serious concussion. Any type of concussion, mild or major can cause physical issues, such as headaches, dizziness, nausea, light sensitivity, and feelings of fatigue and lethargy. These injuries can also lead cognitive difficulties and affect the ability to concentrate and disrupt short term memory. This commonly resolves within hours or days for a mild event, and upwards of 6 months for a traumatic or more severe concussion....
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...Traumatic Brain Injuries Related to Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases Shelby R. Barnhill Grossmont College Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by hyperphosphorylated tau deposits throughout the brain, specifically in the form of neurofibrillary tangles, astrocytic tangles and threadlike neuropil neurites. Exposure to repetitive brain trauma, including concussions, contusions, and others, most likely result in CTE or other common neurodegenerative diseases. CTE can potentially affect military veterans who were exposed to explosions or other blast related injuries, as well as contact sport athletes with a history of repetitive head impacts. Before research was done on other athletes, it was most commonly found in boxers, and was known as “dementia pugilistica” or “punch drunk”. This disease can be potentially related to over 14 other neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s and Alzheimer's. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy is a...
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...CTE is Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy which a progressive degenerative disease which effects the brain. CTE is found in athletes who have a history of repetitive brain trauma such as symptomatic concussions as well as asymptomatic subconcussive hits to the head. Most athletes found with CTE are boxers, football players, even motorists. CTE starts off with no symptoms which makes it hard for people to realize that they might have CTE. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy ik eventually leads its victim to rage, impulsivity, depression and even suicide. Confusion and memory loss are the eventual symptoms of CTE that follow after rage, impulsivity and depression. The last stage of CTE is advanced dementia which makes the brain become deformed...
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...started gambling. He committed suicide on My 12,2012 in Oceanside CA. The final diagnosis is Seau's case was Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Every year between 1.6 and 3.8 million individuals suffer from sports related concussions. The accumulation of these concussive and sub concussive hit to the head can cause a progressive neurodegenerative disease known as Chronic traumatic encephalopathy which was first...
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...impacted that cause the head and brain to shake back and forth quickly. It usually results in headache, confusion, lack of coordination, memory loss, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, ringing in the ears, sleepiness, and excessive fatigue. Patient might or might not lose their consciousness, however they will all present with temporary symptoms. There is no specific cure for the disease, however, rest and restricting activities allow the brain to recover. Second, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a progressive degenerative disease which occurs when patient have a history of repetitive brain trauma. It’s symptoms are memory loss, confusion, impaired judgment, impulse control problems, aggression, depression, progressive dementia and include concussion. Dr. Bennet Omalu, main character in this movie, developed the theory of CTE by postmortem examination. He examined the body of former NFL football player Mike Webster. He discovered that the disease is similar to Alzheimer's disease. He names the disease chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Omalu supports his theory by collect data to show how head injury during athletic games impact the disease. The...
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...Concussions and chronic traumatic encephalopathy are gaining more and more attention in the world of hockey as more and more athletes are being diagnosed with concussions and CTE is being diagnosed post-mortem. The biggest question that arises when CTE is discussed is the most simple. What is CTE? Chronic traumatic encephalopathy is a progressive degenerative disease of the brain found in athletes (and others) with a history of repetitive brain trauma, including symptomatic concussions...
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...Concussion has been found to have long-term effects by inhibiting functions of the primary motor cortex which is the part of the brain controlling movement. The Primary Motor Cortex is located in the frontal lobe and its function is to generate message from neurons to complete specific physical movement. Multiple concussions have resulted in a delay in processing movement by the motor cortex. Multiple concussions have also been found to cause serious harm to those who have not treated it properly. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a degenerative brain disease found in athletes, military veterans, and others with a history of repetitive brain trauma. In CTE, a protein called Tau forms clumps that slowly spread throughout the brain, killing...
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...I am writing this letter regarding the high-risk injuries associated with Rugby. Rugby, like many other sports, is high in collisions. The players exert large amounts of force in order to acquire and maintain possession of the ball, which causes repeated head injuries or concussions. The repeated collisions between players lead the players to fall from significant heights and on their heads. The players are not protected with gear such as helmets, so the risk for head injuries is significantly large in this sport. As mentioned, there are problems related to the sport that include concussions and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Concussions are caused by an impact to the head, and can affect many rugby players. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy...
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...football, a game Dr. Bennet Omalu, the doctor who discovered chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), calls our "collective societal intoxication and addiction." From an entertainment perspective, football is more popular than ever. Attendance figures, television ratings and the growth of fantasy football tell us that. However, while the game's popularity might be on the upswing, so is the scientific evidence that football is hazardous to the human brain. And it's not just concussions. "In terms of the truth, it is not about concussions," said Omalu in a recent interview with sport and culture writer Patrick Hruby. "It is about blows to the head." Long term, repetitive sub-concussive...
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