...indigenous populations compared to non-indigenous populations. The author uses the 2009 General Social Survey of Canada to examine the influence of indigenous status and the corresponding confidence in the police. The author beings by addressing the importance in a democratic society to have confidence in the police as it links citizens to institutions which are designed to protect and serve them. People’s confidence in the police has been showed to increase willingness to report a crime, compliance with the law and to share information regarding criminal activity. Confidence in the police is defined in the study as multidimensional; it considers citizens confidence in the dependability, competency and respectfulness of the police. The results from the research indicated a statistically significant difference between aboriginal and non-aboriginal in the item “the police are doing a good job of treating people fairly” (512) The other significant differences between...
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...My most Superior Highness, I am writing to you, your Majesty to ask you to graciously accept my request to engage in more explorations and colonizations in the New World. I, my lord am Olivier Antoine . I have ventured across the sea to, what they called “Canada” several times. . I have wanted more Colonization in the New World because, first lead to more power to you and Franco, your Highness. Second, we will get more resources the land provides us.Finally we can spread our strong belief in faith and religion across the world. If we start more colonization in Canada, France will get more power and strength, which means more money. Money can make France the most ruling country, it will make you my king, the most powerful. Your Majesty, you...
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...The Aboriginal people of Canada hold significant importance to Canadian history and our country today, yet as a whole, the Aboriginal people of Canada differ from non-aboriginals in access to health care and overall health outcomes. Although the overall health of Aboriginals has been improving over the past 20 years (Health Canada, 2013), as a group, Aboriginal people still have the shortest life expectancies and poorest health (HCC, 2012). Literature and antidotal research as cited several factors they negatively affect health outcomes. An important barrier that this paper will discuss the concept of cultural safety as a barrier to access health care by Canadian Aboriginals. It will then define cultural safety and discuss the evolution of...
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...This paper will explore the roles that gender and feminism plays alongside other determinants to affect the health status of Aboriginal Canadian women. Determinants of health refer to the circumstances in which people are born, live, grow, work, and age, that are responsible for most of the health inequalities that exist. Common determinants contributing to sub-par health status include: early child development, education, income, employment, social and physical environment, personal health practices and coping skills, access to health services, racism, and gender. These determinants work alongside Aboriginal-specific determinants like cultural identity, self-determination, and colonialism to create significant health discrepancies compared to non-Aboriginal Canadians. Aboriginal women are at an even greater disadvantage because of the role gender plays on top of the other determinants. The term gender refers to the socially constructed perceptions of feminine and masculine and is not to be confused with sex, which refers to the biological differences between men and women (Steckley and Letts 2010). While the two are different concepts, they are closely related and do influence each other because while biology may condition behaviour, it is in turn conditioned by the social environment (Halseth 2013). Health is also a social construct and issue, rather than simply a medical and technical problem associated with body parts and their functions. Because it is defined by and shaped...
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...Source one is from Indigenous Cultures in an Interconnected World by Claire Smith and Graeme Ward. The source mentions Europe’s expansion that emerged from the 16th century, and how the economic and political globalization affected the people’s addressed in the text. This text is critical of globalization during that time; mentioning how Indigenous peoples were ‘invaded’ and ‘threatened’ by globalization and colonization. In this context globalization was/is the catalyst for colonization, speeding it up like adding gas to a fire; which critically changed things for the Indigenous peoples. Colonization of their land did not stop there, it went farther. It globalized things, with the arrival of Europeans came the arrival of new goods, technologies,...
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...ca/jah/english/jah05_02/V5_I2_Colonialism_02.pdf>. Alfred discusses disempowerment from forced colonization and cultural dislocation on indigenous men and how this affects women of this culture. He talks about how men express their frustration externally which leads to gendered violence. This article will support my argument that indigenous men have become aggressive towards their spouses not because they choose to, but because of cultural dislocation and colonization that was forced on their culture, among other factors. Chansonneuve, Deborah. Addictive Behaviours among Aboriginal People in Canada. Ottawa: Aboriginal Healing Foundation, 2007. Aboriginal Healing Foundation. Aboriginal Healing Foundation, 2007. Web. 6 Nov. 2015. <http://www.ahf.ca/downloads/addictive-behaviours.pdf>. Chansonneuve article speaks about prevalence and impacts of alcohol abuse and substance abuse in the Aboriginal population. The article presents statistics on domestic abuse towards Aboriginal women due to intoxication of their spouse. I am going to use this article to support my argument that alcohol consumption or substance abuse does play a role in domestic violence towards Aboriginal women. Giving statistical data this will help show that domestic violence towards Aboriginal women is much higher than that of non-Aboriginal women. Scrim, Katie. "Victims of Crime Research Digest No. 3." Department of Justice. Goverment of Canada, 07 Jan. 2015. Web. 22 Nov. 2015. <http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/rp-pr/cj-jp/victim/rd3-rr3/p3...
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...The Message The main conclusion that can be drawn from this video is that Indigenous peoples deserve reconciliation of their culture. Due to the oppression in the past, Indigenous peoples have rightly felt like their culture and worldview is not as accepted as others. This video explains how Canada needs to make an effort towards indigenization in schools and in social work. Cindy Blackstock explained in the video that it can be beneficial to have knowledge of an Indigenous worldview, so you are able to provide cultural services an Indigenous client might need (ACSW, 2018). Changes need to be implemented throughout the federal laws and in social work, so that social workers are able to do this. Just like any other culture or religion,...
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...Why European Rulers Promoted Exploration and Colonization in North America Name: University: Course: Tutor: Date: Abstract: This paper is based on various reasons and factors that led to the exploration of North America by European powers and their eventual establishment of colonial rule in the region. These include trade, religion, civilization, spirit of adventure, the political rivalry between various European powers and many other factors. Spain was the first European nation to explore the North America following the discoveries made by Christopher Columbas. It was later on followed by Britain, France and Dutch. Introduction The exploration and subsequent colonization of North America was prompted by economic, social and political interests held by various European powers. These engulfed various European nations. This saw Spain, Britain, France and Dutch setting out their way in order to explore North America. The European powers eventually colonized the American natives in countries such as Canada, Columbia and the United States. The Exploration and Colonization in North America by European Rulers There are several reasons as to why European rulers promoted exploration and colonization in North America. First and foremost, there was increased need to find a sea trade route from Europe to Asia. European traders longed for spices, silk and sugar from Asian countries such as china and India. Earlier trade routes...
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...What does the word ‘colony’ means? It means a group of people who leave their native country to form in a new land a settlement subject to, or connected with, the parent nation. The word ‘colony’ is used as a noun. Colonize is a verb form of this word. In the past, Britain colonized Americans from 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia. It reached its peak when colonies had been established. During the 18th century, three types of colonies existed in the British Empire in America. Those were charter colonies, proprietary colonies, and royal colonies. After Napoleonic Wars (1803-1815) ended, British territories in the Americas were slowly granted more responsible government. The Durham Report recommended full responsible government for Canada in 1838,...
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...Poverty increasing rates during the last 10 years have been an issue in Canada in general, and a huge one for aboriginal communities on the reservations and in their territories. This is brought to mind because of a recent surge in suicide attempts in the Cree community which has drown a national attention to the effects of poor living conditions on First Nation's children. The reality is that these children live in poverty, and the situation is getting worse. The most recent available data from the national household survey was last updated back in 2011, and it shows that child poverty rates in aboriginal communities living on the reserves rose to staggering 60% in 2010 (MacDonald, Wilson. 4) The indigenous child poverty at the reservations is structural and systematic: it reveals a history of racism that goes back to the time of colonization. Canada's long history of residential schools and the under-funding of basic services on reserves have left aboriginal communities experiencing living conditions many would expect to see only in developing countries, not in a rich nation such as Canada. Too many aboriginal children live in abject poverty, and in many cases, without hope of improved prospects in the future....
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...masses, perpetuate the same stereotypes against the Indians, which informed institutional racism in the first place. To average person is not aware of the devastating impact of colonialism on first nations. Reconciliation is attainable only with some degree of restorative justice. First nations need some form of compensation from the federal government for its policies of injustice and racism. However, the commission is yet to discuss the issue of restorative justice. Instead of exploring ways of compensating the affected for the abuse they went through the residential schools, the commission is recreating what was happening, and this further traumatizes the victims and subjects them to mockery by their tormentors. The impact of the colonization and cultural genocide against the aboriginal people is evident in the form of higher levels of employment, homelessness, poverty on the reserves, and other social ills. The most important work of the commission should be to create a mechanism for restoring aboriginals at par with the rest of the Canadian and mitigate the enduring influences of past oppressive policies. Importance of a truth...
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...Don’t blame geography for growth patterns There is a well-known economic growth debate whether geography affects growth patterns directly or merely through an indirect channel affecting the choice of economic policy and institutions. The view that geography is at the center of the story in shaping the rhythms of economic development dates back to Montesquieu and has been recently revived by Jared Diamond in his book “Guns, germs and steel: The fates of human societies.” This perspective was applied to explain long term patterns of economic growth by Jeffrey Sachs, who argues that growth is related to geographic variables like climate, disease ecology and distance from the coast (Sachs 2003). On the other hand, economists like Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson, and Engerman and Sokoloff argue against simple geographic hypothesis and illustrate that geography can only affect patterns of growth through the choice of institutions that influence economic performance. Looking at the current situation, one can observe tremendous differences in living standards between developed and developing countries. There is a variety of explanations why economic performances have diverged so extremely. However, the two main candidates to explain the causes of the big divergence are geography and institutions. The geography hypothesis emphasizes nature forces and geography as the main factors determining economic performance. Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson (2002), however refute this hypothesis...
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...UN Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: the role of languages and culture in the promotion and protection of the rights and identity of Indigenous peoples. The State of Indigenous Peoples’ Languages and Cultures in Canada Submission by Kontinónhstats - The Mohawk Language Custodians Submitted by: Kontinónhstats – The Mohawk Language Custodians 14A Sóse Onahsakenrat (Joseph Swan Road) Kanehsatà:ke, Quebec Canada J0N 1E0 Phone: 450-479-1651 Email: Ellen Gabriel kontinonhstats2@hotmail.com Hilda Nicholas kononkwe@inbox.com Table of Contents Page Executive Summary ………………………………………………………. 3 - 6 Introduction ……………………………………………………………….. 6 – 7 Current Situation ………………………………………………………..... 7 – 9 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………. 9 - 11 Recommendations ……………………………………………………….... 12 End Notes …………………………………………………………………...13 - 14 Annex 1………………………………………………………………………15 -16 Annex 2………………………………………………………………………17 Suggested Questions ………………………………………………………..18 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This submission on Indigenous languages, culture and identity demonstrates the manner in which Canada continues to practice institutionalized racial discrimination and assimilation against Indigenous peoples’ human rights and fundamental freedoms through the imposition of their policies and programs which are based upon the archaic legislation of...
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...in shaping what the country looks like today. The Indian-European conflict was common in the 17th Century in the North America. The issue of slavery got intense and many Indians fell in the hands of the European. Slaves were mistreated, overworked, and tortured to an extent of them dying at the farms. The introduction of Christianity by the Europeans meant that the Indians had to do away with their old fashioned ways of worship. The Indians and the European immigrants had different religion and beliefs that had to be unified for a common existence. The interaction between people of different races, religions and beliefs has been a great aspect of the American history. It was until later in the 20th century that European exploration and colonization of America that brought change in how the Old and New Worlds interacted. The settlement of the Indians in America was a vital mark in the development of native culture. The Indians established their lifestyle blended with rich culture and religion. The Indians on the East Coast had a more civilized life and well-established trade systems. The first encounter between the Europeans and the native Indians took place in the 1500s.[1] The Europeans discovered America as they engaged in fishing of whales and other sea exploration activities. The first encounters between the Indians and he Europeans involved trade activities and this gave the whites a chance to learn about the new world. The Europeans also hired the Indians to work...
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...soon became Anglo-Norman as it had been impacted by English. This became known as the transition from Old English to Middle English. Over 10,000 French words found their way into the English language and over three-fourths of these words are still used today. (Cactus World Wide Inc.). Some of the most popular words and phrases borrowed from the French language are beef (from French boeuf), joy (from French ryjoui), and on the menu (from French à la carte). (About.com). About thirty percent of all English words come from French according to Wikipedia. Wikipedia also notes that there are around 80,000 English words taken from French. French colonization in North America spread rapidly in late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. During the French-Indian War, French was already quite popular in Colonial America and even in parts of Canada. The French embraced the Native Americans and traded fairly with them while the English tried to force their will upon the natives. The English and the French battled seven long Venigalla 2 years for territory in the mid-18th century to gain a greater presence in the New World. (Wikipedia contributors). The first major French settlement in...
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