EFFECTS OF COMPUTER INNOVATION

Introduction: Today man’s scientific knowledge is very wide and highly advanced. It has helped him to discover and invent many things for his ease, comfort and efficiency. Computer is the latest and most brilliant child of science. They used for work, school, hospital, industrial, office, shops, house etc. The Computer can be a helpful place to find information on certain topics. With their quick processing ability helping, it makes informed decisions more quickly and to perform our work faster and easier. That is why many people in the world were depending in computers. And yet computer is a very friendly use for us to do whatever and whenever task we want to do. The Computer has a great literacy for over fifty years; beginning with the famous ENIAC, a revolution has been taking place in the United States and the world. The personal computer has changed the way many people think and live. With its amazing versatility, it has found its way into every area of life, and knowing how to operate it is a requirement for today's world.

Body of the Paper: Computers today are used in a way people commonly are doing work on it. There is more to computer typing there’s programming, troubleshooting, communications, and many of more uses from them people and I go through. People has know that there is more to computers then just typing more of it comes where in how other specific devices are used to convert data. Troubleshooting things such as viruses, networking, data loss, putting computer together, etc. has taught more in depth about computers today. Having to do all of this has shown me that computers are a source of reflection of how it used and done with. Communications and new software development has made people has their life’s saved is now another things used for computers to talk and send mail/messages. It’s a new trend for people to have computers and to use them in communicating in a whole new way. So computers are used now are changed today with new things you would like. Throughout now in computers were hard to describe in-depth in the programming as it was made in what people and myself thought. People use computers in a concept of doing work on it and nothing else that so interesting. It wasn’t an interesting thing back then when it was made. Everybody ignored it as a useless product that never existed in the world. When I used it was hard to use and understanding more in detail the entire major concept of how the programming was. People like me had a hard time figuring out uses for it. It was like a machine in a hard way to describe in of all the technology/electronics they had made to a computer. Programming it in what to do on it was like typing, printing, and playing was the major thing that was done. It was nothing but just playing and doing working on a computer, which was made to do. Having it programmed for these kinds of uses are having people do these common things. When computers are describes as programming in special uses as work, printing, and playing have the first new beginning of computers. Today now computers have made a communications and software cure for troubleshooting in the major problem people have in the computer system. In the communications they have a Chat line/E-mail to send about anything between you and your friend through a network computer. This is something people enjoy doing to communicate with anybody they know. It’s a lifesaver now to send anything across a computer network in the world. The next thing is that software that can destroy viruses in detecting and protecting your computer has made a cure for it. People whom have troubleshooting in their computers now have software on the market see it’s a big help. It’s a new generation people now are safe with any software program that can be protected. The different between the reflections of the computers had shown many of what people encounter in their everyday life. Everything from the past has now made a lot of big changes. Now people are starting to get computer in a whole new different way for them to use it. Now new things added to the computer systems today has better communications and new software that helps people not to lose anything.People from the past had problems with computers in knowing what it is. They would just use it as typing out work and other things. In that people occur with troubleshooting problems like viruses and errors. Now today they made new communication and software to help out people from their problems they have. So the reflection of computers has now shown new things have come to the future.
But how has the computer Introduce in to our world? In the beginning, when the task was simply counting or adding, people used either their fingers or pebbles along lines in the sand in order to simply the process of counting, people in Asia minor built a counting device called ABACUS, the device allowed users to do calculations using a system of sliding beads arranged on a rack. With the passage of time, many computing devices such as Napier bones and slide rule were invented. It took many centuries for the advancement in computing devices. In 1642, a French mathematician, Blaise Pascal invented the first functional automatic calculator. The brass rectangular box also called Pascaline, used eight movable dials to add sums and eight figures only.
In 1694, german mathematician Gotfried Wilhemvoz Leibniz, extended Pascal’s design to perform multiplication, division and to find square root. This machine is known as stepped reckoner. The only problem of this device is lacked of mechanical precision in its construction and was not reliable.
Right after the first commercially manufactured calculator in the year 1820, Charles Babbage began his quest to develop a machine that was used for programming. The first programmer, Ada Lovelace used the machine invented by Babbage to mechanically translate a short written work. A decade later, a professor of mathematics named George Boole, came out with ‘An Investigation of the Laws of Thought’, and is considered as the Father of Computing Science. In 1890, the census was tabulated on punch cards on a system that used electric power. This was developed by Herman Hollerith of MIT.
The real beginning computer was made by an English mathematician Charles Babbage in 1822. He proposed a engine to perform difference equations, called a difference engine. It would print results automatically. However, Babbage never quite made a fully functional difference engine, and in 1833, he quit working on it to concentrate on analytical engine. The basic design of the engine included input devices in the form of perforated cards containing operating system as a store for memory of 1,000 numbers up to 50 decimal digits long. It also contained a controlled unit that allowed processing instructions at any sequence, output device to produce printed results. Babbage borrowed the idea of punch cards to encode the instructions in the machine from the Joseph Marie jacquard’s loom.
In 1889, Herman Hollerith, worked for us. Census Bureau, also applied the Jacquard’s Loom concept to computing. One early success was mark-1, which was by IBM Andhardvard Huiken in 1944. In 1946, John Eckert and johny Mauchly of Moore School of engineering developed the ENIAC (Electronic Numeric Integrator and Calculator). Later, EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer). It was first electronic computer developed by John Von Neumann. In 1949, Maurice developed EDSAC(Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator). Eckert-Mauchly Corporation manufactured UNIVAC (Universal Automatic computer) in 1951. In 1960, fastest computer to access the time of 1 micro second and a total capacity of 100,000,000 words was developed. During 1970s, the trend for cheaper computers made possible by integrated chips (IC) and Microprocessors. Today using VLSI (Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits), which are programmed using ROM, is made. It could handle 32 bits at a time, and can process 4,000,000 instructions at a time.
And when the time comes and Computer had introduced to the modern world, many people got happy because of that. The work becomes easier than ever it was. It helps an organization save tons of times. It has made data analysis extremely easy, and it can be done at a single click of the mouse. And we have gotten so used to this machine. The importance of computers cannot be denied in the corporate or business world, at the work place and even in one's personal life. It becomes an important tool for keeping databases, filing systems, track records. It has made record keeping and account keeping much easier.
Computer are multi-faceted tools of this and the next generation, eternally evolving to be faster, stronger and better-equipped to accomplish infinite tasks. With the evolution of the Computer, businesses have transformed into globally accessible industries in which communication spans thousands of miles of ocean in seconds. The Computer has also become one of the most powerful advertising tools of the decade with the help of internet. With companies such as Google and Yahoo! linking consumers with businesses through Internet searches, a business' accessibility increases drastically. Business owners benefit from computers by managing books with programs like QuickBooks, with which the company owner can manage payroll, inventory, accounts receivable, accounts payable, taxes, bills and much more.
For the students, computer has great applications in the student life. A student should be well equipped with the computer technologies and application software to make its assignments and research work good. Computer helps the students to use internet so that they can search different tools and use the information derived from the research to enhance their learning. Learning Microsoft office, PowerPoint, excel sheet allows the students to make their assignments good and allow them to finish their homework in couple of minutes. Learning computers in student life also helps them to utilize their computer related knowledge in their later lives.
Including the Hospitals significantly may be able to reduce the time it takes to dispense medications to patients and complete X-rays and laboratory tests by having physicians fill out orders via computer rather than by hand, suggest an Ohio State University, Columbus, study. Results showed that computerized ordering also eliminated prescription drug errors that occurred when doctors' handwritten prescriptions were misread. Digitizing physician orders cut turnaround times for medication by 64%, X-rays and other radiology procedures by 43%, and lab tests by 25%. Computerized physician order entry (POE) "enhances patient care by improving work flow and efficiency and by reducing transcription. Moreover, "there weren't any significant negative results, despite the major cultural change that stemmed from introducing this new technology. In many cases, work flow accuracy and efficiency were actually enhanced."
For home users, a computer serves as a new source of entertainment, information and other essential processes all in one gadget, and it’s an essential tool for work at home moms. Through the use of the Internet, members of the household can go to websites and read, make researches and even read the latest news. Children can also use the Internet for their projects and they can encode their data and enrich it with pictures, as well as sounds. Internet and computer crashes are the most common problems that occur at home and by selecting a reliable computer help provider, aspects like virus and spyware infestation, security problems as well as parental controls could be set up so that parents are guaranteed of safer Internet usage. With computer help, members of the family owning only one PC can have multiple accounts for privacy of information as well as personalization. No matter what the problem is a computer help, service is always available to provide the essential technical help in house, or remotely especially for those who go from place to place. It is essential to take the time and keep the computer well maintained, safe and secured to ensure that essential files are safe and the Internet usage fast and secured with no worries from the dangers of threats. Technical safety and guidance are essential tools in having a long lasting and reliable computer system. And of course there are various ways through which computers are widely used in the banking industry. The online banking further gives the evidence of excessive use of computers in banking sectors. Just in a couple of seconds you can retrieve all of your previous transactions in your accounts. Transfer of money can be also made online through these computers. Have you ever noticed that banking sector in the world is moving from traditional banking sector to electronic banking sector. This is possible only through the introduction of computers in banking sector. can be used to carry out from simple to complex tasks of the banks. For example, instead of making manual records and then storing the files, all data is stored on computers. It is more quick and productive. More data can be stored in this way. Moreover, data can be easily stored, and retrieved from computers. With the help of computers, many new inventions have risen, like the introduction of Robots, Palm Computers, Modern Phones, GPS navigation and other more advanced products and appliances. Computers have made our lives just that one little but easier! And it also revolutionized our way of thinking and the way we research. With the phone company i am using at the moment, they have a choice to send the Bill via email instead of through Mail, which is highly convenient for frequent internet users. Computers have improved our lives a lot, and will continue to improve and advance our lives until the end of time!! Or until we run out of electricity, without computer our world would be so much harder to cope with!

Conclusion: Computer has a bright future. We all need is to look ahead and to mark the changes coming in the world on account of computer and profit from it

REFERENCES:
Pratish“Free Zonal World News Latest News and Articles” Computer Evolution. Tuesday,May 18th 2010; <http://www.freezonal.com/evolution-of-computers.html>

Saddaf”Blurt It”Importance Of Computer.Friday,March 24th 2006; <http://www.blurtit.com/q707429.html>

Girish Sharma”Rajput Brotherhood”Origin of Computer .Friday,August 08th 2008; <http://www.rajputbrotherhood.com/eng/articles/the-computer-.html>

HitMil”HitMil” Internet Training and Technology for Students”Introduction of Computer.Monday,September 17th 2007 ; <http://www.hitmill.com/computers/intro.html>

iloveindia”iloveindia”Life Style:Gadget and Lounge .Tuesday,July 19th 2002; <http://lifestyle.iloveindia.com/lounge/history-of-computers-1980.html>

RESEARCH PAPER

EFFECTS OF COMPUTER INNOVATION

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A Research Paper Submitted to Professor Manuel Inahid
Communication Arts and Languages Department
College of Arts and Science
ICCT Colleges Foundation Inc.

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In Partial Fulfillment of the Course Requirements in
English 02A

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By
Edison S. Macutay

December

PROJECT
IN
ENGLISH 02A
(EFFECTS OF COMPUTER INNOVATION)

Submitted by: Submitted To:

EDISON S. MACUTAY MR.MANEUL INAHID Student Professor