...measures, and levels of measurement. We are going to address conceptualization by using substance abuse and related ideas as examples. For measurement, let us review first how measures of substance abuse have been created, utilizing procedures as available data, questions, observations, and less direct and prominent measures. We will also explain how to assess the validity and reliability of these measures. Finally, the level of measurement reflected in unrelated measures is our last topic. Hopefully, at the end of this you will have a fine comprehension of measurement. A concept is a mental image tat summarizes a set of similar observations, feelings, or ideas. "Concepts such as substance-free housing require an explicit definition before they are used in research because we cannot be certain that all readers will share the same definition. It is even more important to define concepts such as poverty or social control or strain, we cannot be certain that others know exactly what we mean." The meaning of concepts is often disputed among experts and illuminating the meaning of such concepts does not simply benefit those unfamiliar with them. In order to do ample work of conceptualization, we need more than just a definition, for our concepts. We will probably have to distinguish inner aspects of the concept. Conceptualization is defined as "The process of specifying what we mean by a term. In deductive research, conceptualization helps to translate portions of an abstract theory into...
Words: 1228 - Pages: 5
...Case conceptualization as defined by Erford (2010) refers to “How professional counselors understand the nature of clients’ concerns, how and why the problems have developed, and the types of counseling interventions that might be helpful.” Additionally, “A good case conceptualization should effectively link a client’s presenting problem to a treatment plan as well as provide the basis for tailoring treatment to client need and expectations” (Sperry, 2005). Sperry continues by stating that “The purpose of a well-articulated case conceptualization is to better understate and more effectively treat a client or client-system, that is, a couple or family.” Assessment is the preliminary process of case conceptualization, which according to Barlow & Durand (2003) and Nystul (2006) includes “intake interviews, test and inventories, behavioral observations, and relevant information gather from other source.” A thorough assessment is important in collecting sufficient information in order to understand the underlining issue of the client. Erford (2010) argues that “a good treatment plan requires an assessment appropriate to the client’s presenting concerns and a case conceptualization that includes an understanding of what the problem is, how it developed, and how to deal with it”. Who, what, when, where, why, and how should be addressed in the assessment process and are pivotal in formulating a comprehensive case conceptualization. An accurate comprehensive assessment is...
Words: 795 - Pages: 4
...Assignment Topic: Conceptualization of Mass Communication Subject: Introduction to Mass Communication Institute of Communication Studies University of the Punjab Introduction to Communication: When an organization employs a technology as a medium to communicate with a large audience, mass communication is said to have occurred. The professionals at the New York Times (an organization) use printing presses and the newspaper (technology and medium) to reach their readers (a large audience). The writers, producers, filmmakers, and other professionals at the Cartoon Network use various audio and video technologies, satellites, cable television, and home receivers to communicate with their audience. Warner Brothers places ads in magazines to tell readers what movies it is releasing. But as you no doubt know—and as you’ll be reminded constantly throughout this text—the mass communication environment is changing quite radically. When you receive a piece of direct-mail advertising addressed to you by name, and in which your name is used throughout, you are an audience of one—not the large audience envisioned in traditional notions of mass communication. When you sit at your computer and send an e-mail to twenty thousand people who have signed on to a Listserv dedicated to a particular subject, you are obviously communicating with a large audience, but you are not an organization in the sense of a newspaper, cable television network, or movie studio. The availability of lightweight...
Words: 992 - Pages: 4
...The study and analyzation of homelessness can date back as far as the Great Depression in the early 1890’s. Homelessness has been ranked as one of America’s top domestic problems to deal with (Lee 502). In 2010, almost 649,917 people were considered homeless by the HUD in America (Curtis 2229). Within the population, at least 15% of the people were considered chronically homeless, which means they have been homeless for fifteen or more years (Semuels). In today’s world, the definition of homelessness is constantly changing every day (Curtis 2228). Many people consider homeless people to all be the same, but each homeless person is heterogeneous because they have their own characteristics and personalities (Lee 505). Much like Americans who are able to provide their own housing, the homeless have their own culture that will provide social contacts and be very supportive (Philipps 23). Even though the HUD has counted the number of people who were homeless in 2010, technically no methodology exists to determine an exact number of homeless people. Homelessness tends to be more of a problem within the more urban areas of the United States. Particularly in the early 1980’s the number of people who were considered homeless dramatically rose due to no new houses being built. Many homeless people tend to be children, families, and adult males (Curtis 2228-2229). Along with the social background information about a traditional homeless person, a chronic homeless person tends to be male...
Words: 1518 - Pages: 7
...Process, Conceptualization, and Personalization are each different types of skills that are used in social work. Each of these skills have a purpose and a overall goal of helping the client work with the worker through their problems so they can ultimately come to a prosperous conclusion, and in a sense move forward with their lives. These three skills are well known in for being appropriate ways of helping the client group together there thoughts and feelings when reflecting on situations that they are facing in there daily lives. The process skill offers several very useful techniques, which can be very critical in working with the client throughout the helping stage. Some of these techniques are helping the client work through and think through what they are trying to say. This helps the client have a outside opinion and view in better understanding and processing what they are thinking about inside their head. Another positive thing you can do is by restating or summarizing what they client has...
Words: 560 - Pages: 3
...Conceptualization and Measurement in Criminology and Criminal Justice In chapter 3 of The Practice of Research in Criminology and Criminal Justice there are four areas of focus. They are concepts, measurement operations, evaluation of measures, and levels of measurement. We are going to address conceptualization by using substance abuse and related ideas as examples. For measurement, let us review first how measures of substance abuse have been created, utilizing procedures as available data, questions, observations, and less direct and prominent measures. We will also explain how to assess the validity and reliability of these measures. Finally, the level of measurement reflected in unrelated measures is our last topic. Hopefully, at the end of this you will have a fine comprehension of measurement. A concept is a mental image tat summarizes a set of similar observations, feelings, or ideas. "Concepts such as substance-free housing require an explicit definition before they are used in research because we cannot be certain that all readers will share the same definition. It is even more important to define concepts such as poverty or social control or strain, we cannot be certain that others know exactly what we mean." The meaning of concepts is often disputed among experts and illuminating the meaning of such concepts does not simply benefit those unfamiliar with them. In order to do ample work of conceptualization, we need more than just a definition, for our concepts...
Words: 1234 - Pages: 5
...Client is a 43 years old Caucasian female with an 8th grade education level presents with signs and symptoms of forgetfulness, depression, severe anxiety, stress, uncontrollable mood swings and difficulty making decisions. Over the years the client has been diagnosed with Clinical Depression, Generalized Anxiety, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Fibromyalgia, and Hepatitis C. During the summer the client was diagnosed with Hepatitis C and most recently, in August, the client recalls being hospitalized at the University of Virginia’s Hospital for depression, suicidal thoughts and self-inflicted wounds caused by cutting her wrist. Client reports daily bouts with sadness, crying and feelings of worthlessness and helplessness. Client identifies ongoing thoughts of her most recent physical, mental and verbal abuse within her relationship with her previous significant other as trigger to her most recent anxiety attack. Client informed difficulty paying attention, going to sleep, staying asleep, and racing thoughts and restlessness. Client reports having a history of experiencing sexual trauma, physical, emotional and verbal abuse. As a result of her traumatizing past the client struggles with blaming herself for the trauma, feeling bad if reminded about the trauma and has a difficult time discussing the trauma. Using the symptoms check list the client was able to identify the following: a heightened startle response, poor...
Words: 632 - Pages: 3
... Presenting complaint: Sarah, a thirty two year old divorced mother of two gets off of work and drives aimlessly wondering if it is worth even going home. Her kids are with their dad and with nobody to go home to, she shares that all she will do is sit on her couch watching television over a glass of wine with the hopes that she will sleep. Sarah struggles with sleep every night, even when her kids are home with her. She shares that over the last six months she has been overtaken by a sadness that affects her daily functioning at work and at home. She is able to make it through a workday, though she takes little pleasure in the job she once loved. The one pleasure Sarah has in her life is being a mother but even with that she shares the feelings of guilt and worthlessness that she battles excessively because her dreams of the family she once had has been shattered. She often wonders if her kids would be better off without her. Sarah expresses that her family is very concerned for her due to her recent visits to the hospital for fluids. When asked further about this, Sarah explains she has no appetite and forgets to eat and at times when she does eat, her agitation and anxiety causes her to throw up what she attempted to eat. Sarah shares that at one time she was very detailed in keeping her home nice but no longer has the desire and in the times when she has a little desire to clean, she is fatigued and has no energy. This causes more guilt and shame as a mother when her son...
Words: 1911 - Pages: 8
...Appearance Client appears slightly groomed, patient is wearing baggy clothes and hair not done, and hair is dry and loose, not combed or collected. Patients clothing appears soiled and has dried stains. Hygiene is appropriate, no noted bad odors or bad breath. She appears her given age, well-developed, and is overweight women. Behavior/Activity The client behavior expressed was calm and anger in certain situation of the conversation. Client activity level were normal, she was not hyperactive nor hypoactive. She showed no signs of lethargy or motor retardation. Client showed good eye contact, and not evidence of social isolation or withdrawn in contrary client was pleasant and talkative with staff and other members at facility. The client does not show evidence of talking to self or exhibited bizarre behavior. She appears friendly to others and showed no aggression or threatening to others. Clients appetite is appropriate, no evidence of malnutrition. No evidence of insomnia, client appears well rested, denies restlessness, and appears energetic. Mood Client states feeling hopefully and happy at times. Mood does change depending on situation. She gets upset when her discharge date keeps on getting moved around. Also, she becomes depressed because she is not with her children and parents. At time because her husband passed away from a drug overdose. Client rates her mood 6-8 on a 0 to 10 scale with 10 being the best ever. Client mood appears consistent with situations, whether...
Words: 448 - Pages: 2
...No. 04-2003 ICCSR Research Paper Series - ISSN 1479-5124 Corporate Citizenship: Towards an extended theoretical conceptualization Dirk Matten & Andrew Crane Research Paper Series International Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility ISSN 1479-5124 Editor: Dirk Matten International Centre for Corporate Social Responsibility Nottingham University Business School Nottingham University Jubilee Campus Wollaton Road Nottingham NG8 1BB United Kingdom Phone +44 (0)115 95 15261 Fax +44 (0)115 84 66667 Email dirk.matten@nottingham.ac.uk www.nottingham.ac.uk/business/ICCSR Corporate Citizenship: Towards an extended theoretical conceptualization Dirk Matten & Andrew Crane Abstract Corporate citizenship (CC) has emerged as a prominent term in the management literature dealing with the social role of business. This paper critically examines the content of contemporary understandings of CC and locates them within the extant body of research dealing with business-society relations. Two conventional views of CC are catalogued – a limited view which largely equates CC with strategic philanthropy and an equivalent view which primarily conflates CC with CSR. Significant limits and redundancies are subsequently identified in these views, and the need for an extended theoretical conceptualization is highlighted. The main purpose of the paper is thus to realize a theoretically informed definition of CC that is descriptively robust and conceptually distinct from existing concepts in...
Words: 8686 - Pages: 35
...Analyze Marshall’s conceptualization of citizenship and its relevance to social planning The focus of this paper is to critically examine the content of contemporary understandings of Marshall `s conceptualization of citizenship and its relevance to social policy. The main agenda of the paper is to realize a theoretically informed definition of citizenship advanced by Marshall and concentrate mainly on the rights and obligations of citizenship; but also address the increasingly multi-tiered nature of the framing of membership, both in national and supra-national contexts, as well as the emergence of new citizenship claims and claims making. Lake (1994) holds that citizenship is defined by the sociologist guru Marshall as a “status, given to all full members of a community.” The status establishes the rights and duties of the individual in the society to achieve equality for all citizens. Marshall`s contribution shaped the policy in politics, health, education and rights of women in society. According to Marshall (1950) there are three elements of citizenship rights namely civil, political and social which will be analyzed in this essay and their relevance to social planning will be evaluated. Marshall spoke of the development of civil, political, and social citizenship as an evolutionary sequence. The rights embodied in the first pointed to those of the second, and the second to the third. Each, in succession, was secured over the three centuries following the 1688 Revolution...
Words: 1529 - Pages: 7
...Êîíôåðåíöèÿ ¾Ëîìîíîñîâ 2013¿ Ñåêöèÿ ¾Ñîöèîëîãèÿ¿ Êîíöåïòóàëèçàöèÿ ñîöèàëüíîãî ðàçâèòèÿ â ñòðàíàõ-ëèäåðàõ ðàçâèâàþùåãîñÿ ìèðà â íà÷àëå XXI â. Êàçàêîâà Àëåêñàíäðà Àíäðååâíà Àñïèðàíò E-mail: kazakovaz@mail.ru Ìîñêîâñêèé ãîñóäàðñòâåííûé óíèâåðñèòåò èìåíè Ì.Â. Ëîìîíîñîâà, Ñîöèîëîãè÷åñêèé ôàêóëüòåò, Ìîñêâà, Ðîññèÿ Ñòðàòåãèè óñêîðåííîãî, ìîáèëèçàöèîííîãî ðàçâèòèÿ â óñëîâèÿõ âûñîêîêîíêóðåíòíîé ãëîáàëüíîé ñðåäû ïðåäñòàâëÿþò îñîáûé èíòåðåñ äëÿ ñîöèîëîãè÷åñêîé òåîðèè.  ñîâðåìåííîé ëèòåðàòóðå çà÷àñòóþ èñïîëüçóåòñÿ òåðìèí ¾emerging giants¿ (¾âîñõîäÿùèå ñòðàíû-ãèãàíòû¿), îáúåäèíÿþùèé ãðóïïó ñòðàí ñ îáøèðíûìè ïðèðîäíûìè è äåìîãðàôè÷åñêèìè ðåñóðñàìè è ñòðåìèòåëüíûì ýêîíîìè÷åñêèì ðîñòîì, äàþùèìè èì âîçìîæíîñòü ïðåîäîëåòü ïåðèôåðèéíîå ïîëîæåíèå è ñîçäàòü îñíîâû ìíîãîïîëÿðíîñòè; ãëàâíûì îáðàçîì, ðå÷ü èäåò î Áðàçèëèè, Èíäèè è Êèòàå. Ñîöèîëîãè÷åñêèé àíàëèç íàöèîíàëüíîãî ðàçâèòèÿ ýòèõ ñòðàí â ïîñëåäíèå äâà äåñÿòèëåòèÿ ïðåäñòàâëÿåòñÿ âåñüìà ïîëåçíûì äëÿ ïîíèìàíèÿ ñîöèàëüíûõ ïðîöåññîâ â ñîâðåìåííîé Ðîññèè â ñèëó öåëîãî ðÿäà îáùèõ ïðîáëåì. Îäíàêî â ðóññêîÿçû÷íîé ëèòåðàòóðå çíà÷èòåëüíî ëó÷øå èçó÷åíà ñîâðåìåííàÿ çàïàäíàÿ ¾ñîöèîëîãèÿ ðàçâèòèÿ¿ (îò òåîðèé ìîäåðíèçàöèè âðåìåí ðàñïàäà êîëîíèàëüíîé ñèñòåìû äî íîâåéøèõ òåîðèé ãëîáàëèçàöèè) è åå âçãëÿä íà ïðîáëåìàòèêó ðàçâèâàþùèõñÿ ñòðàí (¾äîãîíÿþùåå ðàçâèòèå¿, ¾âòîðè÷íóþ ìîäåðíèçàöèþ¿). Ñîöèîëîãè÷åñêîå òåîðåòèçèðîâàíèå â îáëàñòè ñîöèàëüíîãî ðàçâèòèÿ òàê èëè èíà÷å ñòàëêèâàåòñÿ ñ äâóìÿ êëþ÷åâûìè ïðîáëåìàìè. Âî-ïåðâûõ, ïðîáëåìàòè÷íî ñàìî ïðåäñòàâëåíèå îá îáðàçöå...
Words: 763 - Pages: 4
...measures, and levels of measurement. We are going to address conceptualization by using substance abuse and related ideas as examples. For measurement, let us review first how measures of substance abuse have been created, utilizing procedures as available data, questions, observations, and less direct and prominent measures. We will also explain how to assess the validity and reliability of these measures. Finally, the level of measurement reflected in unrelated measures is our last topic. Hopefully, at the end of this you will have a fine comprehension of measurement. A concept is a mental image tat summarizes a set of similar observations, feelings, or ideas. "Concepts such as substance-free housing require an explicit definition before they are used in research because we cannot be certain that all readers will share the same definition. It is even more important to define concepts such as poverty or social control or strain, we cannot be certain that others know exactly what we mean." The meaning of concepts is often disputed among experts and illuminating the meaning of such concepts does not simply benefit those unfamiliar with them. In order to do ample work of conceptualization, we need more than just a definition, for our concepts. We will probably have to distinguish inner aspects of the concept. Conceptualization is defined as "The process of specifying what we mean by a term. In deductive research, conceptualization helps to translate portions of an abstract theory into...
Words: 1226 - Pages: 5
...An increasing number of educators have begun to discuss how leadership evolves to match this quickly changing world. Usually people believe good leaders should have outstanding charisma and skills in order to lead successfully. This essay, however, will examine the servant style of leaderships which, rather than relying upon command and control, is structured from the bottom-up. That is, servant leaders approach the organizational goals by establishing the organization’s norms to help people who is in need.(Tiaki, 2014). Servant leadership is of 3 core elements: listening, conceptualization and stewardship. This essay will discuss these three elements and demonstrate how they work in action by examining the life and exploits of Martin Luther King. When discussing about the servant leaders, the ability of listening can be emphasized at the very beginning. That is more than just listening. This is where making conscious efforts to hear not only the words that another person is saying but, more importantly, try to understand the complete message being sent. According to Nichols(2009),good listeners try to understand and realize what speakers say to them and no judgment will be delivered. So good listeners not only make speakers perceive that what they are talking about is interesting to the listeners but also to get information, understand and learn at the same time. For examples, If students can pay more attention and patience to listen to what teachers say in the lectures obviously...
Words: 1997 - Pages: 8
...Visit the TDC Blog for more from Merriam Sanders. Visit the TDC Blog for more from Merriam Sanders. Ten Things I Wish I Had Known About . . . Case Conceptualization Conceptualizing the primary contributing factors to a client’s case is a sometimes overlooked piece of an MFT Intern’s training. Case conceptualization is important for developing a good treatment plan and enables you to speak intelligently about your client in supervision, collaboration, and consultation; plus, it helps immensely in job interviews and passing the exam. So, what goes into a good case conceptualization? 1. MENTAL STATUS EXAM A mental status exam (MSE) consists of a short list of quick observations that contribute to your case conceptualization. There is no need for a formal checklist; it is something you should always have in the back of your mind. Is my client’s affect congruent with the situation? Is she dressed as I would expect? Does she seem oriented to person, place and time? Other factors to note in the MSE are: age, gender, culture, marital status, appearance, mood/affect, speech, non‐verbal cues, presence of hallucinations or delusions, suicidality, homicidality, drugs, and ETOH (alcohol). It is a quick snapshot into the presenting status of the client. If communicating with another professional, you could mention how you obtained the information, e.g., unstructured clinical interview, structured clinical forms, or combination thereof. 2. PRESENT...
Words: 883 - Pages: 4
