...with this issue. A clinical epidemiologist is a person who generally works for a health care facility who has the main goal of finding ways to stop or avoid communicable epidemics in the United States. Epidemiologists study the frequency and distribution of diseases within human populations and environments. Specifically, they measure the incidence of disease occurrence and relate it to different characteristics of populations and environments. Epidemiologists perform research, education, and public health practice in universities, government agencies, international organizations, and private corporations. Therefore epidemiologists study a wide range of healthcare issues. Epidemiologist study and research regions or different populations regarding serious life threatening diseases, diseases that are infectious, the life span of illness in families a well as environmental pollutants that occur. Epidemiologists collect and further analyze important information about public health and the behavior of diseases. After researching and analyzing collections an Epidemiologist explain and also reveals to the public about the findings of their research. Epidemiologist study the distribution of health-related events in a specific population and the purpose of this study in order to control health problems that occur. “Epidemiology includes the methods for measuring the health of groups and for determining the attributes and exposures that influence health; the study...
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...Touro University International BHE314 Module 4 Case: Environmental Health and Safety Lead is a naturally occurring metal found in the earth's crust. Lead can be found everywhere, because of human activities such as burning fossil fuels, mining, and manufacturing. Lead is a soft, heavy, toxic metal. Lead is found in many products we use every day, it is even found in toys. It is also in the paint in many houses and in some dirt and dust. Lead Poisoning means having lead in the body in an amount that can cause serious health and development problems. It is much more dangerous for children than adults because it affects kids’ developing brains and nervous systems. The younger the child, the more harm lead can cause. Lead can cause serious health effects: kidney problems, anemia, hearing loss, development delay and growth problems. The only way to know for sure if you have lead poisoning is to have blood test. People who are most at risk of harmful effects from lead in their body include (Risk Factor, 2010): Babies and children under 6 years of age. Infants and young children are more likely to be exposed to lead than are older children. They may chew paint chips, and their hands may be contaminated with lead dust. Young children also absorb lead more easily and sustain more harm from it than do adults and older children. Children living in older homes. Although the use of lead-based paints has been banned since the 1970s, older homes and buildings...
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...Comparison between Australia and democratic republic of the congo Janaya arkley 8 Crimson Introduction The difference between a developed country and developing country is very large a developing country is a country that has not yet reached its agricultural and economical potential. australia is a developed country that will be compared to the democratic republic of the congo.there are many different lifestyle indicators including health and access to food. Indicator 1-Health Source A Access to health care in developing countries is a large issue unlike developed countries such as australia.in the democratic republic of the congo 31700 people die of hiv/aids per year but in australia because of education...
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...Identify 3 causes of malnutrition in your community The Democratic Republic of Congo is one of the largest countries in Africa, with a population of 65 million people and the second largest land mass on the continent. Suffering decades of conflict, regional war, and political neglect, the scale of humanitarian needs in the D.R. Congo becomes clear when you understand that nearly 30% of all children under five suffer from undernutrition. a) The first cause of malnutrition in DRC is that family may not have enough money to buy food that is poverty. b) The second cause of malnutrition is that family do not know which foods are nutritious. c) The third reason is that of war where families are they may be forced to flee their home and so can’t farm their fields, or they may be unable to reach a health centre due to an outbreak of violence. State the measures/features to draw the conclusion about each case Poverty The measures that can be taken to mitiagate malnutrition in DRC caused by poverty can be addressed as: a) Address the issue of extreme undernourishment, known as starvation, may have symptoms that include: a short height, thin body, very poor energy levels, and swollen legs and abdomen. b) Government provide food to address undernutrition where there is not enough calories, protein or micronutrients c) Encourage the lactating mothers on the need for breast feeding A lack of breast feeding may contribute, as may a number of infectious diseases such...
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...Public Health Management Abstract Many low-income countries need to significantly scale up coverage of priority health services. This will generally require additional national and international resources, but better leadership and management are key to using these resources effectively to achieve measurable results. Good leadership and management are about providing direction to, and gaining commitment from, partners and staff, facilitating change and achieving better health services through efficient, creative and responsible deployment of people and other resources. While leaders set the strategic vision and mobilize the efforts towards its realization, good managers ensure effective organization and utilization of resources to achieve results and meet the aims. Public health management is really needed in Africa. For active and resourceful nursing management in Africa, competencies are vital. It is important to know the expertise of the managers on these competencies. It is also important to know if there is a gap between what managers think they know and what they really know in regards to skills. The role of public health for case management is to upkeep early identification of possible circumstances and persons under investigation (PUI) via investigation, mapping communication, awareness activities to healthcare workers and the public. Public health experts can also partake in updating the channeling of PUIs’ likely plus confirmed cases to health care facilities...
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...Colonialism: The One-Armed Bandit In every essay that we have read over the past few weeks, all of the authors talk about how colonialism has ultimately destroyed Africa and their hopes of ever being as great as the other leader nations. Authors like Maria Mies, Walter Rodney, and Jerry Kloby all contribute different explanations as to how the European colonizers have basically destroyed Africa. Mies explains how Africa has no chance of “catching-up” to the other developed countries because of European colonialism. Rodney disputes the claims that colonialism has modernized Africa and how the new advancements being brought in by the colonizers were being more used against Africans than to help them. Then Kloby helps us look at real examples of different times in which colonialism has hurt Africans more than helped them. All of these authors have come to one clear consensus: colonialism has ultimately destroyed Africa’s chances of becoming a great and powerful continent. In Mies’ essay, she tends to be very pessimistic about the Africa being able to “catch-up” to other already developed countries. Mies says that, “the poverty of the underdeveloped nations is not as a result of ‘natural’ lagging behind but the direct consequence of the overdevelopment of the rich industrial countries who exploit the so-called periphery in Africa” (151). She denies that possibility that Africa can catch up by following the same path of industrialization, technological progress, and capital accumulation...
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...sociological core of that nation. But how should that money be spent? One can argue that education spending is important to a nation’s well-being. During the 19th century US President James Garfield commented that “next in importance to freedom and justice is popular education, without which neither freedom nor justice can be permanently maintained” (as cited in McPherson, 1912, p.192). One way in which a nation’s value for the importance of education can be quantified is by examining the public spending on education as a total percentage of government spending. In this paper, I will review education spending as a social indicator for three distinct, geographically diverse, and very financially disparate nations: Oman, Georgia, and the Republic of Congo. The social indicator that is education spending greatly affects other social factors; I argue that it is a foundation piece of a great country, and that without national support for education, overall quality of life is diminished. What defines public spending on education? The World Bank clearly describes it as “public expenditure on education includes government spending on educational institutions (both public and private), education administration, and transfers/subsidies for private entities (students/households and other privates entities).”1 Education spending is not only governmental monies, it also includes items like textbooks bought by parents for students. Spending on public education is similar to several other social indicators...
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...information regarding the status of the Ebola Haemorrhagic fever. While western Africa is currently experiencing the largest outbreak of the Ebola virus in history, this severe and often fatal disease is also affecting thousands of innocent people across our world. Never has the medical community had to deal with such an outbreak. Not only do the medical professionals not know how to treat and handle afflicted patients, they are unable to contain this virus that is spreading at a violent speed. This report will discuss the following issues surrounding Ebola: Historical Occurences, Countries Currently Affected, How the Virus Spreads, Current Level of Infection, Response to the Crisis and Canada’s preparedness for a mass epidemic. Historical Occurrences of Ebola Ebola virus disease, or Ebola haemorrhagic fever first appeared in 1976, in Nzara, Sudan and Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo. The epidemic in the Democratic Republic of Congo was one of the deadliest outbreaks with 318 cases and a case fatality ratio of 88%. In that specific case, the disease was spread through close personal contact as well as the use of contaminated needles and syringes in hospitals. The disease then proceeded to spread to a village near the Ebola river, from...
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...The Democratic Republic of the Congo, also known as DRC, is a developing country in central Africa. With an estimated population of 6.7 million, approximately 11% of the population are in a food insecurity situation (Source 3) . The main cause for food insecurity in the DRC is conflict. Almost 16 years of armed conflict have occurred in the DRC (Source 4). Conflict has affected families, crop production, education, and health care. Many families have been broken up due to conflict. The family sizes range from approximately 1 to 14 people (Source 4). About half of the Congolese population is single (Source 4), and the average age for people living in the DRC is 18 (Source 1). There are approximately 2.4 million people internally displaced (Source 4). Many of the displaced people have turned into nomadic tribes, and others have sought refuge in neighboring countries (Source 3). They have been driven out of their homes because of the conflict in the country. The average schooling is 10 years, but there is no access to school for many of the children (Source 1). Approximately 67 percent of the population is literate (Source 1). According to The World Factbook, there are 0.11 physicians for every 1,000 people and there are 0.8 hospital...
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...applying a package of interventions, namely case management, surveillance and contact tracing, a good laboratory service, safe burials and social mobilisation. * Early supportive care with rehydration, symptomatic treatment improves survival. There is as yet no licensed treatment proven to neutralise the virus but a range of blood, immunological and drug therapies are under development. * There are currently no licensed Ebola vaccines but 2 potential candidates are undergoing evaluation. Background The Ebola virus causes an acute, serious illness which is often fatal if untreated. Ebola virus disease (EVD) first appeared in 1976 in 2 simultaneous outbreaks, one in Nzara, Sudan, and the other in Yambuku, Democratic Republic of Congo. The latter occurred in a village near the Ebola River, from which the disease takes its name. The current outbreak in west Africa, (first cases notified in March 2014), is the largest and most complex Ebola outbreak since the Ebola virus was first discovered in 1976. There have been more cases and deaths in this outbreak than all others combined. It has also spread between countries starting in Guinea then spreading across land...
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...Republic of Congo, Treaties with Mexico and Purchase Contract with a DRC vendor. Student: I.D.: Luz Amairany Garduño Gutiérrez 1580590 Group: 4Di Semester: 4th Classroom: 18 Student: I.D.: Luz Amairany Garduño Gutiérrez 1580590 Group: 4Di Semester: 4th Classroom: 18 Professor: Victor Hugo Moreno San Nicolas de los Garza, Ciudad Universitaria, May 17th 2015 INDEX Introduction………………………………………………………………………….2 LESCANT……………………………………………………………………………3 Treaties………………………………………………………………………………9 Contract of Purchase………………………………………………………………10 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………….15 References………………………………………………………………………….16 Introduction Since the beginning of time people have searched for communicate for others, for don’t being on their own. When communication started to fluctuate humans discovered that they had needs and in some cases they had to give in order to receive other thing. Trade started and with the time society established rules and with that the trade law got born. The main purpose of this project is to learn about the Democratic Republic of Congo and how it works with the issues of the actual...
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...and kids in pools of water looking for them. You might think “Then why aren’t these people rich and why do they live in places like these?” While your answer is that they don’t profit from anything they find. You can find Blood Diamond mines in Sierra Leon, Liberia, Angola, the Republic of Congo, Cote d’Ivories. Central African republic, and Democratic Republic of Congo. Most of the mines you will find in these countries are illegal. For years civil wars have plagued these countries about these diamonds. Rebel militants come in hoping to occupy the mines for their own use at any cost. Over 5 million civilians have been killed, tortured, raped, mutilated, and abducted in order to get to these mines. When they get to these mines they force you to work for them and you become almost like a slave. What you get in return for this labor is less than a dollar a day, poor living conditions, and disease. Not only do they force adults but they force...
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...from the trucking company. After legal costs and other expenses, the remaining $417,000 was put in a special trust to care for Mrs. Shank. However, six years later the providers of Mrs. Shank’s health plan, Wal-Mart, sued the Shanks for the $470,000 it had spent on her medical care. Wal-Mart was fully entitled to the money; in the fine print of Mrs. Shank’s employment contract it said that money won in damages after an accident belonged to Wal-Mart. A federal judge had to rule in favor of Wal-Mart, and the family of Mrs. Shank had to rely on Medicaid and social-security payments for her round-the-clock care. Wal-Mart may be reversing the decision after public outcry. However this case pinpoints Wal-Mart’s often criticized treatment of employees as a commodity and its sometimes inhuman business ethics. 9 Trafigura Dumping Toxic waste on the Ivory Coast and gagging the media Earlier in the year, there was media frenzy in the U.K. over celebrities getting court injunctions to silence the press from reporting on their various misdeeds and grubby encounters. This story actually stems from a far more serious beginning, in 2006. Trafigura is a multinational formed in 1993, trading in base metals and energy, including oil. It makes almost 80 billion USD a year. In 2006, it caused a health crisis affecting 108,000...
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...1. Challenges facing Africa union a. health issues- such as combating malaria and the AIDS/HIV epidemic b. political issues- such as confronting undemocratic regimes and mediating in the many civil wars c. economic issues- such as improving the standard of living of millions of impoverished, uneducated Africans d. ecological issues- such as dealing with recurring famines, desertification, and lack of ecological sustainability e. Legal issue- unfinished decolonization of Western Sahara. In response to the ongoing Darfur conflict in Sudan Critics of the au peacekeepers, including Dr. Eric Reeves, have said these forces are largely ineffective due to lack of funds, personnel, and expertise. Monitoring an area roughly the size of France has made it even more difficult to sustain an effective mission. Current conflicts that has caused a big impact for the au include; the Casamance conflict in Senegal; the Ituri conflict, an extension of the second Congo war; the Ivorian civil war; and the Somali civil war, associated with Somaliland's claim for independence. There is still political fall – out from the Chadian - Sudanese conflict, north - south conflict in Sudan and the Ugandan conflict with the lord resistance army. Zimbabwe is also facing a political crisis. Rapid spread of HIV and the AIDS pandemic, which has affected over 25% of the population of southern Africa. The effect on South African, which composes 30% of the AU's economy, threatens to significantly...
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...much of its history. Even with the social and political setbacks that Zimbabwe has been forced to face, the economy has done decently, but that has failed to alleviate many of the symptoms of underdevelopment that are still painfully apparent. Underdevelopment may occur in various forms and have various causes, but the symptoms of underdevelopment are easily distinguishable. The most easily recognizable symptoms of underdevelopment are: problematic population growth, high birth and death rates, high infant mortality rates, and short life expectancies. Disease, famine, starvation, and malnutrition are also all red flags that hint to underdevelopment, as well as: low per-capita gross national product, overcrowded urban areas, poor overall health and sanitation, inefficient farming, and many other indicators. Zimbabwe still exhibits many of these symptoms in spite of the growing economy. Among those symptoms are: a short life expectancy rate; an average of 37.78 years for males and females, a high infant mortality...
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