...come from blood borne pathogens, chemical exposures or falls, but comes directly from people as evident in workplace violence(Fernandes, Bouthillette, Raboud, Bullock, Moore, Rae, Ouellet, Gillrie & Way, 1999). The effects of workplace violence is far-reaching and costly(Hoag-Apel, 1998). In fact according to the international council of nurses “ health care workers are more likely to be attacked at work than prison guards and police officers”(ICN, 2009). The aim of this essay is to critically appraise a systematic review of the literature based on workplace violence in the emergency department and to identify characteristics of interventional studies to guide best practice. This review will discuss current practices in reference to NSW health policy and guidelines, critique the systematic review by (Taylor & Rew, 2010) in terms of discussing methodology and provided a comprehensive overview of (Taylor & Rew, 2010) article(Hoag-Apel, 1998) (NSW Health, 2005). Finally, this review will attempt to recommend a change in practice in terms of the research question of what are the suggested interventions for workplace violence in the ED conducted by studies from 2004 ? Based on best evidence based practice and research(Hoag-Apel, 1998) . Although healthcare professionals and exclusively nurses are at higher risk of workplace violence, NSW legislation doesn’t reflect the increase risk associated or current international concerns(Hoag-Apel, 1998) . In NSW it is part of a legislative...
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... | Room 234 | cvena@emory.edu | echa5@emory.edu | 404-727-8430 | 404-712-9578 | Office Hours: By appointment | Office Hours: By appointment | COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course is an introduction to the theoretical and research foundations of advanced nursing practice. Key content to be covered includes the philosophical basis of science and knowledge, the structure and development of theory, qualitative and quantitative research methods, theory and research critique, and the application of theory and research in advanced nursing practice. It delineates research competencies for advanced practice nurses. The course encompasses critique of studies, application of research findings to practice (research utilization) and evaluation of outcomes attributable to advanced practice nursing. Ethical considerations related to research are integrated throughout the course. COURSE OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES: 1. Understand the relationship between theory, research, and practice. 2. Critique and evaluate theoretical perspectives and research methods used to address clinical problems. 3. Understand qualitative and quantitative methodologies and their appropriateness to examining clinical phenomena in advanced nursing practice. 4. Evaluate the clinical applicability of selected theories from nursing and related fields in providing high quality nursing care. 5. Evaluate the clinical applicability of selected research studies and develop strategies for incorporating the...
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...(O), reduce mortality rate (O)? Risk Factors, Incidence and Prevalence of Disease * US incidence rates of cardiovascular disease, including MI, are seen in men more than women (Alexander et al., 2007). This trend is also true in Utah ("Impact of heart," 2007). * The incidence rates of cardiovascular disease increase with age (Alexander et al., 2007). * Risk factors for cardiovascular disease include not eating enough fruits and vegetables, lack of physical exercise, smoking cigarettes and the co-morbidities of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity ("CDC national heart," 2010). * The clinical scenario patient was at high MI risk being male, over 65, diabetic and obese. Article Critiques * The following primary article critiques were based on the CONSORT statement (2010). Primary Article One Article selection and evidence. * The article by Chen et al. (2005) was selected because it was the only...
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...Tutor’s Name: University: City/State: Date: The Capital Assets Pricing Model Introduction The Capital Assets Pricing Model (CAPM) , is a method of pricing assets of capital nature. This model applies Beta (non-diversifiable risk) to link risks and returns of investments. According to Stahl (2016), Beta is a standard for measuring the systematic risk or the non-diversifiable risk. The uncertainty in the economy of a particular country causes the systematic risk. Systematic risk is that risk sharing or risk diversification cannot reduce. Economic downturns, war, natural calamities and a change of government policy are some of the activities that cause systematic risk. Both CAPM and Beta are measures of risk (Anon 2014). The capital assets pricing model defines the required rate of return of security. CAPM can be a mathematical equation, or a graphical representation is known as the security market line (SML) (Stahl 2015). An analysis of CAPM indicates that there are several critiques of this model. Nevertheless, there are multivariate models used to overcome these critiques. A).Formulas to Calculate CAPM and Beta 1). Capital Assets Pricing Model CAPM= [pic]= [pic]+ [pic] (RM-RF) Where; [pic] is the cutoff rate or even minimum required rate of return RM- RF is the risk premium and is above free rate RM is the market returns [pic] is the risk-free rate of returns [pic] is the beta of asset j Illustration Assuming that [pic]=...
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...I work as a community nurse and I have recently become intrigued about one of my patients requiring treatment for a leg ulcer. For the purpose of this assignment I shall call her MA, because as a nurse and a professional I have professional and ethical duty to protect patient identities (Quacker Nursing Council [QNC]2010). My rationale for selection of topic is that Leg ulcers (LU) cost this country’s health service an estimated 200million quars per year in hospitalisation fees for those individuals who do not have health insurance (Quacker Health Board [QHB] 2012, Wilson 2010). An outline of LU is provided in Appendix One, while Appendix two provides a synopsis of MA and her LU. Community nurses are increasingly seeing patients with LU as insurers only pay for three episodes of treatment for one condition (Medins 2011). This disadvantages those patients like MA, as if they have a long term or chronic condition they may not receive treatment or care and this in turn will raise the country’s morbidity and mortality rates. In the UK the Government provides all healthcare free at the point of delivery and prevention of ill- Health and patient’s taking responsibility for managing their own illness or disease is viewed as an important Public Health Strategy ( DH 2010). In this assignment I will discuss strengths and limitations of evidence based practice (EBP),sourcing different forms of evidence which will enable me to provide the best evidence-based practice I can for my patients...
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...Rethinking Revolutions and Collective Violence: Studies in Concept, Theory and Method. Amsterdam: Het Spinhuis. This book reviews concepts, theories and methods of analysis to address collective violence and revolutions. Chapter two discusses the meanings of the revolution according to its intentions, results and situations; The three criticizes the "volcanic model" or theories of "explosive eruptions of mass discontent"; And five analyzes two comparative studies: States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia and China, by Theda Skocpol (1979), and Reluctant Rebels by John Walton (1984). Finally, the book reviews the argument, the evidence and the conclusions of the work of two important theorists:...
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...INTRODUCTION This essay is a critique based on a pilot study carried out on ‘patient stories of living with a pressure ulcer’ and I will be using Caldwell, K. et al. (2005) as a structured research framework to carryout the evaluation on this study. First and foremost a definition of what research, (nursing research in particular) and research critique entails will give a greater understanding of what this essay aims at addressing. On one hand, Polit and Beck (2006, p4), defined research as a systematic inquiry that uses disciplined methods to answer questions or solve problems, while on the other hand they define nursing research as a systematic inquiry designed to develop knowledge about issues of importance to nurses, including nursing practice, nursing education and nursing administration. The importance of having research carried out in the nursing field can only be emphasised as it is the key element in generating and guaranteeing evidence to guide nursing practice and improvements to care and quality of life of both clients and service users as claimed by Polit and Beck (2006, p4). However once the research is undertaken and published, great emphasis is placed in finding out or identifying the strengths and weaknesses through critique. Polgar and Thomas (2000), point out that critiquing research entails identifying the strengths and weaknesses of research publications to ensure that patients/clients receive assessments and treatment based on the best available evidence...
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...Critique of a Cochrane Review Meta-Analysis Study Educational and Skills-based Interventions for Preventing Relationship and Dating Violence in Adolescents and Young Adults Critique of a Cochrane Review Meta-Analysis Study There is a high rate of violence between young adults in relationships. As this is becoming more prevalent it is important to strengthenone’s knowledge base to help prevent this form of violence. A meta-analysis is a process to combine the findings from several independent research studies in a statistical manner. This method is used most often to evaluate the rational and useful way associate several research studies to determine effectiveness of an intervention (Crombie& Davies, 2009). A critique of a study is, “a careful appraisal of the strengths and weaknesses of a study” (Polit & Beck, 2008, p. 123). These show areas of inadequacy and adequacy within a research study and to identify any errors. Within this paper there will be a critique of the Cochrane Review Meta-Analysis, “Educational Skills-based Interventions for Preventing Relationship and Dating Violence in Adolescents and Young Adults.” This critique will have several divisions; identification of the level of evidence, describe the search of the literature and the adequacy of the search, description of the replication process, discuss any problems or differences, identify gaps within the literature, discuss any limitations within the study, discuss the strengths of the review...
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...Annotated Bibliography: Quantitative Critique This assignment is an annotated bibliography on resources that Team C will use for the quantitative nursing critique that is due in week three. It should also be noted that some of sources from this annotated bibliography will also be applicable for the qualitative nursing critique that is due in week five. Coughlan, M., Cronin, P., Ryan, F. (2007), Step-by-step guide to critiquing research. Part 1: Quantitative research. British Journal of Nursing, 16(11), 658-663. This article provides a step-by-step approach to understanding research terminology and provides the nurses with a basis for understanding quantitative research. The article points out that being able to read nursing research is the first step in incorporating evidence based best practices into nursing care. As referred to in the article, each stage of the process must be thoroughly examined and this article walks the inexperienced nurse through the process. Duffy, J. R. (2005). Critically appraising quantitative research. Nursing & Health Sciences, 7(4), 281-283. doi:10.1111/j.1442-2018.2005.00248.x Critical appraisal of quantitative research is important to evidence-based practice. It allows a clinician to determine whether a study is scientifically rigorous. This article describes critical appraisal as a careful process of judging the worth of a quantitative study that guide clinical decisions, as well as a structured approach for understanding the...
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...For a literature review, is usually in the of single research reports, statistics, texts about specific topics, specialist websites news media and other front line accounts of events .These reports may be by academics and other field researchers such as journalists .Literature can also include audio, film and videotexts scripts, commentaries and credits. Category selection is the Structural dimensions and related analytic categories are selected, which are to be applied to the collected material. Structural dimensions form the major topics of analysis, which are constituted by single analytic categories. And the material evaluation is analysed according to the structural dimensions. This should allow identification of relevant issues and interpretation of results. For the material analysis mentioned above provides a detailed description of the process in the analytic of literature review, while it includes a feedback circle for the collected material resources only such as a circle that might be needed for the overall process. For the material analysis provides a detailed description of the process and the structural dimensions and related analytic categories which allow classification of the reviewed literature can be derived deductively or inductively. In a deductive...
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...and self-expression skills of students while at the same time crushing their imaginations and stunting their socialization. Although this particular attack on interactive learning is limited to the USA, similar critiques have appeared in other countries where large investments have been made in interactive learning systems for education and training. Despite the polemical nature of such critiques, the interactive learning research community must face the reality that our efforts have failed to provide adequate guidance for developers and practitioners. Others already recognize this inadequacy. In March 1997, the U.S. President's Committee of Advisors on Science and Technology called for "a large-scale program of rigorous, systematic research on education in general and educational technology in particular....to ensure both the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of technology use within our nation's schools" (p. 6). To provide guidance for real world practice, research must be both rigorous and socially responsible. Rigor involves adherence to the basic principles of science that all researchers must follow, regardless of specific methodological preferences. These include the application of logical procedures that other researchers can apply and an openness to peer review. Scientific...
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...NRS433V, Conwell, Critique 1 Running Head: QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH CRITIQUE Critique of a Quantitative Research Paper Researching lived experience in health care: Significance for care ethics Linda Conwell, RN Grand Canyon University NRS 433V Sonya Williams, RN, MSN March 27, 2011 NRS433V, Conwell, Critique 2 Existing studies indicate nurses’ use of research in their practice, i.e., evidence based practice; however, little evidence is available as to the extent to which nurses utilize the available research in their practice The stated objective of the study was “to systematically identify and analyze the available evidence related to the extent to which nurses use research in clinical practice and contribute to the body of work assessing the state of the science” (Squires, Hutchinson, Bostrom, O’Rourke, Cobban and Estabrooks, 2011). This study quantifies and illustrates the discrepancies and inconsistencies in reporting methods and measurement of research use by nurses and in the validation of research use and patient outcomes. The authors highlight the need for standard methods of measuring research use and it’s correlation to patient outcomes, and a clearer understanding of the concept of research utilization in clinical practice. They also note the need of clearer understanding of the concept of research use and the use of a research based practice. Method The authors used a systematic review of published and grey literature, utilizing online bibliographic...
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...ARTICLE CRITIQUE: PARTICIPANT PERCEPTIONS OF A NOVEL PHYSIOTHERAPY APPROACH Name Class Professor University/Institution City, State Date Introduction Smith et al. (2012) explored the importance of the Blue prescription to inducing physical activity among people with multiple sclerosis. Although, the title of the study appears long, it is complete and accurate. Specifically, the title implies that the qualitative study was conducted on the participants after they received medical help in order to determine their perceptions of the Blue prescription as an intervention for enhancing levels of physical activity. Study Abstract An abstract refers to a brief summary of a concluded research. A proper abstract inspires the reader to scan through the research purposely to learn more about what the investigation was all about. The abstract contains the following primary elements of the research: the problem statement; the significance of physical activity among patients with multiple sclerosis; the methodology; results; and the scientific gap of adopting the Blue prescription as a way of ensuring that patients overcome the problem. Although, the study abstract is comprehensive, and has relevant keywords, it is not complete due to the lack of limitations of the study. Introduction and Study Objectives The introduction to the research study is spot on, in the sense that it offers a deep insight into the topic being studied. The authors began by highlighting the...
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...New Classical Economics Graduate Macroeconomics I ECON 309 – Cunningham New Classical Economics 1. 2. 3. 4. Accepts model of GE with no imperfections. Prices are perfectly flexible, and all markets are permanently cleared (S=D). All markets are self-correcting. Individuals do not leave prices at “false” levels since this would result in disadvantages. Equilibrium is optimal. Because present actions entail future consequences, all agents deliberately form rational expectations. That is, they exploit all expectations available information at all times since it is in their best interests to do so. 2 New Classical Economics (2) 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Agents adjust their decisions and actions so that their plans will be fulfilled optimally when their expectations are correct. Therefore, expectations (and information) play the information dominant role in determining the state of the economy at any point in time. They replace the deterministic setting with a stochastic one. People habitually suffer from expectational errors. It is the errors that explain economic fluctuations. Fluctuations and unemployment can be traced to voluntary deviations of supply and demand. Thus the business cycle is an equilibrium phenomenon, phenomenon and is therefore optimal. 3 Two Types of Monetarism Kevin Hoover, JEL (March 1984) Monetarism (Friedman) – Marshallian: • • Small (partial equilibrium) models Aggregate Prices – – – Money can “fool” agents on the...
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...[pic] 4-Year B.A. (Hons) in Hotel Management Business Ethics HM 04/28 Module Handbook 2011-2012 Module Leader: Rakesh Katyayani Email: rakesh.katyayani@tajhotels.com rakesh.katyayani @ihma.ac.in HM 04 / 28 Business Ethics Introduction: This module examines the values and value conflicts inherent in the modern practices of the business world, investigates the major philosophical issues that challenge the conduct of ethics as a rational enterprise, exposes students to major traditions in philosophical normative ethics and applies those traditions to specific value conflicts in the business world. A critical thinking component is included in the course. Specific problems relating to topics such as corporate responsibility, employee rights, and the nature of the free enterprise system, environmental concern and ethical business practices. In deciding how to act, managers reveal their inner values, test their commitment to those values, and ultimately shape their characters. In general, Ethics is both an academic “subject” and a thoughtful way of doing things. Theoretical Ethics is that branch of Philosophy concerned with determining what is right (with regard to principles and actions) and what is good (what ends or ideals are worth pursuing and what values are worth holding). Practical Ethics is the art or techne (know-how) of figuring out how to make things better rather than worse with regard to concrete or actual situations. Business Ethics is a type...
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