...When Ruth was visually uncomfortable with our friend and his conversation about his chemistry test, when Ruth did not outwardly voice, her issues, she may have been demonstrating the idea of conflict-avoidance. Cultural Frame of Reference: A cultural frame of reference is what individuals use to determine what is happening within a conversation. They are based off of the culture you share, like German culture for example. When Ruth was mentioning the saying she knew from home, I was most likely confused because the saying was not part of my own cultural frame of reference. Cultural Norms: Culture norms are the collective expectations of what constitutes proper or improper behavior in a given interaction. When Ruth and I were interacting with Julie, some of the culture norms for Ruth and Julie, were different from my own. Ruth was comfortable with being left out of the conversation, while I was not. Along with this, the fact that the greeting turned into a full conversation was also something different from my own cultural...
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...There are basic elements to communication and basic rules to health care communication that differ from each other. Providing and encouraging a consumer to communicate candidly, while also considering cultural differences should be completed in a delicate way. Communication entails both verbal and non-verbal communication, learning to use both effectively will ensure a positive communication experience. Basic Elements of Communication The transmission of information and understanding from one person to another is the process of communication. The Communicator is the sender of the message. This could be the “speaker, issuer, or writer, who intends to express or send out a message” (Easy Communication, 2006). The receiver of the message is the communicatee, or the person to which the message from the communicator was intended for. The information transmitted from one person to another is the message. The message “is also known as the subject matter of this process, i.e., the content of the letter, speech, order, information, idea or suggestion” (Easy Communication, 2006). The way in which the communicator sends the message is the communication channel. The communication channel acts as the connection between the communicator and the communicatee. The reaction of the information relayed between the communicator and the communicatee is the feedback. A positive feedback is a good sign of a successful communication process. Basic Rules of Health Care Communication “Health communication...
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...would be known as the Hellenistic Age. This era was a time of power, conflict, and great cultural influences that paved the way for change and development. This era brought change and artistic influences to the world as it was known until it would change again, marking the end of the Hellenistic Era with the battle of Actium, which was the pivotal moment that would later be defined as the end of Ancient Greece. Yet, while the Hellenistic Age strived,...
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...Teachers could misapply both cultural knowledge and techniques leading to ethical misunderstandings. The worldview help a teacher go beyond applying general culture information about a student. That way a teacher will know what to expect in the classroom with different students within that room. The five main categories of worldview are nature, time orientation, activity orientation, human relationships and human nature. 2. What some children may do at home they can’t do in school because in school we have rules. Some children don’t have rules at home and when they don’t it cause a problem when they enter school. I think the worldview is great to go over cultural behavior with teachers cause that way you will know what to expect with each student. 3. To be truly effective, a teacher in today's classroom needs to teach from a multicultural perspective. In other words, if educators are to improve the quality of the classroom experience for all of their students, they need to become culturally competent. Cultural competence is the ability to effectively respond to students from different cultures and classes, while valuing and preserving the dignity of cultural differences and similarities between individuals, families and communities. It is an understanding of the hidden rules within different economic and cultural structures in order to have productive relationships with students. * Regularly seek out opportunities to enhance cultural competence by participating in...
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...Despite the huge number of studies about cultural dimensions, I think that it does not still exist a “perfect theory” which can help us understanding better other cultures. Professors L. Nardon and R. M. Steers try to find a solution not creating another brand-new theory, but providing what they call the “core cultural dimension”. The aim of the two professors is to seek convergence across the already existing theories, trying to facilitate both research and cross-cultural comparisons. The “core cultural dimensions” are: • Hierarchy - Equality • Individualism - Collectivism • Mastery - Harmony • Monochronism - Polychronism • Universalism – Particularism In spite of the attempt of solving the so-called “culture theory jungle”, they are not still come to the perfect theory. In my opinion, in order to find the perfect theory, a professor does not have to seek all the convergences among already existing cultural dimensions and make a summary of them, but, rather, he has to choose the right ones paying attention to the others. My perfect theory is formed by five dimensions and it deals with the following topics: • Use of time • Display emotions • Communication • Reach the goal Personally, I do not take into consideration any of the four clusters which Hofstede calls “the dimensions of national culture”. Of course, they can be considered the ancestors of later models and they inspired a lot of theorists, but they are also too old (1967-1973), too general,...
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... which represents the Ten Commandments, in which the team will place in the foyer of the new Christian and Jewish Interfaith Cultural and Historical Center. This commission proclamation will show how the sculpture characterizes past and current developments pertaining to ethnic patterns and world events in Christianity and Judaism. Team A will elaborate on why the statue is appropriate for placement in the Christian and Jewish Interfaith Cultural and Historical Center’s lobby. The commission proclamation will reflect the team’s belief in how the #10 statue displays the Jewish and Christian concept of man’s connection to nature, and one’s connection to the world and Yahweh. Team A will also examine the worth of commissioning the #10 statue for the foyer, how the figure is anticipated to improve the physical, intellectual, and environments as well, as how the #10 statue exemplifies various aspects of the new Cultural and Historical Center. Judaism and Christianity: World Developments and Cultural Patterns - Past and Present The #10 statue represents how agreement with and adherence to the Ten Commandments has been a prominent feature of both Christianity and Judaism. The piece will represent Christianity and Judaism’s commitment to a strong sense of morality. This sense of morality has remained constant despite of the world developments and cultural patterns that have affected both religions throughout the course of time. According to the Bible, in the book of Exodus, God presents...
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...of different cultures. What works in one country might not work well in another, and could even be interpreted as an insult! Therefore, understanding cultural differences is crucial for the success of an organization venturing in foreign countries. This assignment aims at trying to explain the different aspects of Culture by using the “Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner's Seven Dimensions” Model; to elaborate on the importance of Culture in a business environment; and how an International manager manage people with different Culture. BACKGROUND The number of workers employed by foreign-owned companies has grown significantly over the past 20 years as a result of the expanding activities of foreign affiliates of MNEs around the world. For many people, both employers and employees, this has brought home the realities of globalization. In 2007, an estimated 73 million people globally (including 24 million in China) worked for foreign companies, nearly three times the number in 1990. Companies such as Motorola, General Motors, British Petroleum, and General Electric are among the largest private-sector employers in economies such as Malaysia and Singapore. This growing multicultural workforce makes it more and more important to understand how people’s preferences, beliefs, and values differ. Understanding international cultural differences will allow international managers to be aware of and adapt to the differences that matter. INTRODUCTION What is Culture? There are several...
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...curb the level of emotion that is displayed at the workplace. Often, the problem that most management teams have is in finding the right balance between the levels of emotions that can be displayed within their company and how stringent should their rules be to ensure that emotional displays are curbed. The management teams across organizations are often accuse of being insensitive towards the needs of their employees, where they have been so occupied with trying to maintain a certain degree of discipline in which they have failed to recognize the emotional issues that creep into individuals. According to Hochschild (1983), emotion involves the physical coordination of the body, the mental planning of actions, and the emotional inducement or suppression of feelings. He defines emotional labour as the use of techniques in emotion management, or emotion work, to control the emotions that are expressed as an integral part of a particular process of labour. Emotional labour are undertaken whenever a job requires one to induce or suppress feeling in order to sustain the outward continence that produces the proper state of mind in others. Emotional labour can be defined as the regulation required of the employees in the display of organisationally desired emotions. They are namely the requirement to express positive emotions, to express and handle negative emotions, to be sensitive to clients’ emotions and the requirement to show sympathy. Thus,...
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...Did Japanese imperial rule of the Korean Peninsula constitute an act of cultural genocide? Cultural Genocide: Raphael Lemkin, who first coined the term “genocide,” wrote of “the phenomenon of the destruction of whole populations — of national, racial and religious groups — both biologically and culturally.” In addition to the physical destruction of a people, there exists a genocidal association with cultural destruction. In detail, scholar Yuko Matsumura further explained that “[Lemkin’s] concept of cultural genocide [refers] to the prohibition of using one's native tongue, the denial of opportunities for higher education, the restriction of cultural or artistic activities, and the destruction of monuments or documents.” Such acts aim to...
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...Culture is define in several ways, although our personal cultural backgrounds which include our behaviors, thoughts, perceptions, values, and goals that creates a lense though which we view and experience the world (Newsome & Gladding, 2014, p. 73). In the video, "Counseling Filipino Clients", a Filipino Client named Kirkland Escondo is confronting her Counselor, Dr. Kevin Nadal, in regards to her perception towards her personal life, future decisions, and cultural values. Due to her decisions, she was troubled about disappointing her mother. By saying that, the clients resembles feelings of sensitivity related to the unwritten rules within her culture. As a matter of fact, she discloses "there is a lot expected of me" (Nadal, 5:35, 2011). After exposer of her father's affair, it implies that the client is under the impression that her mother has high rules for her to obey, specifically the client stating "I don't want to bring more pain and disappointment on to my mom, because I feel as though she has done so much for me and has gone through so many negative things and I just don't want to add to that, but it seems as though I do anyway and that's very hurtful to me" (Nadal, 6:00,...
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...Research the status of the merged company at the time of your reading of this case. What happened in the industry since the merger, and how is the company faring? (Financial report of Alcatel-Lucent : http://investing.businessweek.com) Cross-cultural misunderstanding and problems took place when American CEO Patricia Russo and French board member Serge Tchuruk were present at Alcatel Lucent. After their departure the organization took appropriate actions by placing French chairman Philippe Camus and Ben Verwaayen in position as the new heads. Philippe Camus is a French who lives in America so he was familiar with both the American and French culture. Ben Verwaayen, being a Dutch has no effect on the cultural as he had a neutral nationality in the company, but he was still closely familiar with cross-cultural issues. Most importantly, both executives were comfortable with working with each other and had no issues on personal level. Since then Alcatel-Lucent has impressively reported in 2009 for 15.2 billion Euros of revenue. The company is currently operating in more than 130 countries worldwide with both executives still in the same position. Moreover, Alcatel-Lucent was able to become worldwide leader in fixed broadband access market (2008), named ‘Strong Performer’ for Interaction-Centric Customer Service Solutions by Genesys (2008), won IEC InfoVision Award (2008), and ranked No.2 in Global Telecommunications Services Market (2008) (Alcatel-Lucent web-site, 2011 ...
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...way to improve efficiency and services. These advantages can help a company gain a competitive advantage over industry participants. When a company strategically plans to outsource ethical consideration must be acknowledged; especially when outsourcing is offshore. As a display of corporate citizenship a company must do their part to address ethical concerns related to this practice. Building a long term relationship with the outsourced company will aid in cultivating the competitive advantage. The following ethical principles can ensure the longevity of the relationship. One of the first principles states “seek not harm indigenous cultures” the company must become aware of the culture where they chose to outsource their business to. Understanding the cultures is a way to avoid ethical problems that could arise from not acknowledging cultural norms; rule-based or relationship based. Rule-based relationships support the basic principle that “seeks to uphold basic human rights.” To ensure you have engaged and satisfied employees display a courtesy for justice, equality, and their basic human rights. Not only must the culture and rules of the select location be acknowledged but one should also apply basic rules and regulation that govern in the home location of the company. This should be taken into consideration when outsourcing is used as a technique to reduce labor wages. Many times companies outsource to locations and workers are taken advantage of in regards to the wages earned...
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...been created and used in museums, world fairs, and exhibitions. In the years before 1940, there were three main models of display for Jewish objects which drastically influenced the ways in which Jewish objects were both displayed and experienced by both Jewish people and non-Jewish people. The three models which will be discussed in this essay are the decorative model, the religious model, and the historical model. While each different model creates a different type of narrative, one is not inherently better than another. The decorative model discusses the ways in which Jewish objects can be interpreted as art, specifically focusing on visual elements of the objects and not paying explicit attention to the religious and historical context. The religious model seeks to educate people (specifically non-Jewish people) about the Jewish religion by displaying objects in a way which explores the function in relation to religious ceremonies. The historical model explores a combination of religious context and cultural context in order to create a well-rounded documentation of Jewish history. All though each of these models showcases Jewish objects in very different ways, they all have the underlying goal of wanting to display and preserve the history of the Jewish people as well as educate others on the lives of Jewish people. One of the many models of display for the presentation of...
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...International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing, Vol. 1, No. 5, December 2011 Preservation of Cultural Heritage and Natural History through Game Based Learning Zainal A. Hasibuan, Yugo K.Isal, Baginda Anggun N.C., Mubarik Ahmad, and Nungki Selviandro phase to implementation phase. Next, experimental games to study the influence of game culture on students. Finally, the conclusions of the article and future research. Abstract—Indonesia is a country consisting of thousands of islan. With many islands in Indonesia then there are many cultures of various ethnic groups scattered across Indonesia. With the cultural diversity that exist in Indonesia, then the existing culture must be preserved because the culture is a very important element in representing the personality of a country. There is a tendency that Indonesian young generation do not recognize their cultures. "Desa Maya Budaya Indonesia" (DayaBaya) : Virtual Village with Indonesian Culture - is a game developed to introduce Indonesian culture to young generation. This game simulates a virtual village located in a region in Indonesia that can be developed according to the player’s desires and wishes. The simulation will help young generation to know various cultures of Indonesia at the early stage. This game has also been tested on 48 students from Vocational High School,and a result from this experiment shows that the game improves user’s knowledge about cultures. II. PREVIOUS STUDY In the previous studies, the...
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...Cultural Awareness Plan II: Training Plan Kemberly Watkins MGT/538 Managing in a Cross-Cultural Environment February 2, 2015 David Barlage University of Phoenix Material Cultural Awareness Plan – Template |Cultural Awareness Goals |The strategic goals of Coca- Cola are the foundation of the training guide : According to "Our Company" (2014), " To continue to | | |thrive as a business over the next ten years and beyond, we must look ahead, understand the trends and forces that will shape our| |Specify the goals of the organization’s cultural awareness plan |business in the future and move swiftly to prepare for what's to come.” (Mission, Vision & Values). The company is strategically | |and explain how meeting each goal will facilitate communication |moving towards focusing on the needs of the consumers, gaining access into new markets and gaining a world perspective. The | |and cooperation between the American team and their |cultural of different environments can impact the movement towards these goals in a variety of ways including; communication | |counterparts. |barriers (expressing the goals in a way everyone can understand), leadership abilities (the different ways leaders are trained in| | |different cultures could cause...
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