...Cultural Anthropology Fall, 2014 Study Guide for Midterm Exam PART I: In-Class Component (10 points each, 100 points total) Directions The instructor will put on the in-class portion of the exam a number of terms, names, and concepts drawn from the following list. The student will pick ten (10) and answer in a short I.D./short answer format. Although your answers should be concise, they should be complete enough to convince the instructor that you thoroughly understand the course material. Where applicable, use examples or illustrations. Each student is permitted to have one 8” x 5” handwritten note card during the exam. Frank Boas scientific method “Creation Science” theory hypothesis Karl Marx Charles Darwin Frederick Engels Origin of the Species Jared Diamond “social Darwinism” Margaret Mead natural selection Yehudi Cohen zoological taxonomy Anthropology vs. Sociology taxon ethnographic methodologies Paleolithic genealogical method Mesolithic interviewing techniques Neolithic key cultural consultants agricultural revolution in Neolithic longitudinal research human zoological taxonomy annual cycle what primates have in common why anthropologists should spend more than one annual cycle primates “ivory tower” approach differences between humans and other primates “advocacy” approach Homininoids Homo sapiens American Anthropological Association ...
Words: 692 - Pages: 3
...desired culture. It is only when your identity is in accordance to the standards and ideals of society that you achieve a sense of belonging. Privilege allows for the dominant culture to be granted rights, advantages and immunity beyond the common interest of others. Often times they are exempt from certain liabilities and responsibilities. Western culture has been the dominant culture that dictates the values and views of society since before the 19th century. The ideas, perspectives and attitudes of popular culture make up the fundamental formation of modern society. Western culture is applied by people of European ethnicity to countries whose history has been strongly marked by European immigration, colonisation and influence. Only Liberia, Japan, Korea, Thailand and arguably Saudi Arabia and Ethiopia haven't been colonised by Europe, regardless of that, they are still under some European influence and are still ranked against society's...
Words: 574 - Pages: 3
...860987602 ETST 001: Intro to Race July 7, 2012 Critical Response 1 The Conquest Of A True Identity The ‘survival of the fittest’ was a theory coined by the English naturalist Charles Darwin in which only the fittest organisms will prevail. This phrase has unfortunately been connected to his name with the negative view that it sparked the racial hierarchy that esteems one race over the other. However, Darwin meant for this theory to apply to animals; the predator-prey relationship, and not to human-beings. His cousin, Francis Galton was responsible for tying the theory to the social construction of humans. This helped spark the concepts of colonialism, slavery, and enlightenment in Europe and America which ultimately was the conquest of many people’s identities most especially to the colonized and oppressed who were deemed inferior to the White man. Hegel’s dialectic states that freedom was a condition achieved first by the ownership of oneself (Lowe, 200) During the age of US imperialism, African Americans were held under slavery precisely under this notion that the Whites were more “fit” than non-Whites. Because of this, African Americans were driven to lose their identity not just of being the inferior race but they were dehumanized as well. Black female slaves were not viewed as “mothers” by slave-owners but merely as “breeders” like animals. (Davis, 7) The slave system also discouraged male supremacy in Black men. Because of this, Blacks did not have a chain of command...
Words: 865 - Pages: 4
...Just like China, Hmongs believed in herbal treatments for sickness and good health. They believed that eating warm rice with chicken soup and lemon and herbs would cleanse a woman’s body going through pregnancy. It would cleanse out excess blood from her body from causing any future sickness. Also, some popular culture would be Hmong hip hop and import racing (“Racial assimilation and popular culture: Hmong youth (sub)cultures and the persistence of the color line”, 2009). According to Pao Lee, he stated that , “Both hip-hop and import racing are vibrant practices among youth and young adults in Hmong communities across the U.S., and they are deeply racialized forms of popular cultural practices.” Some Hmong folk culture would be instruments like the Qeej instrument which are used to celebrate weddings, new years, and for funerals. Some Hmong instruments are used to tell stories, but most of them are used for the same purposes like the Qeej instrument back then (“Hmong Folk Arts Presentation”, 2004). Although, they have they are quite alike to other cultures, they have their differences in traits and popular and folk...
Words: 1145 - Pages: 5
...Although some decolonized regions eventually came to success and fruition, ethnic conflicts occurred and remained prevalently after the wave of decolonization following the Second World War. In the Contemporary Era, Britain, France, Germany, Russia, and Japan were initially the dominant players of imperialism - not only had they ingrained their cultures and systems, typically influenced by Western countries’ symbolic modernity and racial divisions, to the localities of each colonies, the central power controlling each colonies were regularly enforced by the imperialists’ hands. Therefore, when the Second World War brought all the five dominant imperialist countries into a total war and had devastated all of them, a hopeful opportunity was shown...
Words: 451 - Pages: 2
...What are the global ‘North’ and ‘South’ and why they are increasingly unrelated to geographical locations? Like many other concepts within the social sciences, globalisation is a highly debated and controversial issue with a diversity of opinions ranging across a broad spectrum. At one end of the spectrum, there are those who view globalisation as the source of many of the major social problems currently affecting developing countries. At the other, are those who view it as a process that will dissolve boundaries between nations and promote global unification. Similarly, definitions of the terms ‘Global North’ and ‘Global South’ are just as varied with the term ‘globalisation’ also carrying many different and often contrasting meanings. According to Modelski, Devezas and Thompson (2008, p.13), globalisation is not a new concept but rather, diachronic, or ‘a process in time’. The authors viewed globalisation as a historical process, the understanding of which required tracing it far back into the past (Modelski et al. 2008, p. 13). However, Heywood (2007, p. 143) suggests, that because globalisation refers to such a wide range of things, e.g. policies, strategies, processes or an ideology, it may be concluded ‘slippery and elusive’ understanding of globalisation arises from its involvement in so many different areas of academia and the extensive and continuing discussion therein surrounding its properties. Regardless of different views on the definition and scope of globalisation...
Words: 3670 - Pages: 15
...China and Japan are geographically separated by the East China Sea, while the two countries are so close together, they are far apart when it comes to culture, values, and the economy. China and Japan have been at odds with each other since The Raping of Nanjing in 1937. “In December of 1937, the Japanese Imperial Army marched into China's capital city of Nanking and proceeded to murder 300,000 out of 600,000 civilians and soldiers in the city. The six weeks of carnage would become known as the Rape of Nanking and represented the single worst atrocity during the World War II era in either the European or Pacific theaters of war” (historyplace.com). The people of China felt like it was the war against Japanese aggression and not World War II. China felt like it was a personal attack because the Japanese were so cruel and evil. Till this day China feels like Japan has downplayed the senseless murders and rapes by calling them an “incident.” Thus, here it is over seventy years later and China and Japan have totally different stories of the event that took place. I will discuss how Japan’s lack of empathy towards China has fostered deep wounds for both countries. What are the primary issues that separate China and Japan? The main issues that separate China and Japan primarily “concern the way the two governments, particularly the Japanese government, look at and handle Japan's aggression against China and its other Asian neighbors, and other related issues from the War, such...
Words: 1835 - Pages: 8
...gThai Food Fair and Chiang Mai Trip Orientation Meetings Intercultural Communication Seminar B Project L146034 KawaleePattamavichai In the Intercultural Communication seminar, I learned about cultural values, communication styles, stages of intercultural sensitivity, and stages of intercultural prejudice.We had to make a project. So,I decided to do two projects. I did the first project last year in October. The first project was a Thai food fair. The second project was Chiang Mai trip orientation meetings. In this report, I’ll explain my experiences and what I have learned about Thai food fair project, the stages of intercultural sensitivity, the stages of intercultural prejudice, prejudice game, Chiang Mai trip orientation meetings, and conclusion. Thai food fair First of all, I decided to cook six kinds of Thai food: First kind is “two different taste of Tom Yum Goong”, which is a spicy shrimp soup, second is “Poo Pad Pong Karee” which is Thai crab curry, third kind is lab Gaiis the kind of spicy and sour dish, fourth kind isKai Jiew Moo Saap which is Thai pork omelet, and the last is gaengsom which is Thai sour curry. I thought that they never tried six menu before. So, I hoped they would surprise and love it. I went to supermarket and bought some ingredients. In Thai food fair day, I went to the university early to prepare for food. It was very impressed to me that everyone helped me prepare all ingredient. They learned Thai food’s name and how to cook Thai food....
Words: 1223 - Pages: 5
...As “ardent followers” of the Communist Party, peasants had passionately responded to a purportedly “peaceful land reform” that decimated tens of thousands of Mongolians. Jindandao legacy of violence has remained very much alive in Chinese society; in a sense, the Chinese peasants’ rebellion in the late Qing can be said to have given rise to the “self-taught killers whose experience gained from Jindandao massacre was put to practice in the larger genocide of the Mongolians during the Cultural...
Words: 1483 - Pages: 6
...Three waves of human rights expansion can be identified: First Wave: It took two world wars to make any real progresson human rights Important precursors to what the future of human rights would be came in 1941 when Franklin Roosevelt (FDR) made his famous FOUR freedoms speech: freedom of speech, of religion, from want and from fear. However, during WWII, these ideas were largely forgotten to secure victory over Germany and Japan—FDR, and subsequently, Truman, tried to pay attention to human rights issues from both a normative as from a realist viewpoint—what they were concerned with was stability or absence of major conflicts in the international system—they wanted to make sure that there would be no repeat of a world war—world peace was beneficial to everyone, including the great powers—however, for a variety of reasons, the real progress on human rights was slow—disagreements between Allied powers, disagreements within the US especially Congress etc. The central dilemma then and now remains the same—if a great power creates a strong international human rights regime so as to prevent human rights violations by other states to the extent of foreign interventions: It violates the sanctity of state sovereignty; and It makes itself answerable to the same international human rights regime and opens itself to scrutiny by other states. The UN Charter became the first ever international treaty to recognize universal human rights—in 1948, the UN General Assembly adopted the Universal...
Words: 797 - Pages: 4
...Building Overseas Empires Imperialism: domination by one country of the political, economic or cultural life of another country or religion. Protectorate: a country with its own government but under the control of an outside power. Sphere of Influence: an area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges. The Partition of Africa Usman dan Fodio: A scholar and preacher of Islam in the early 1800's that denounced the corruption of the local Hausa rulers. Shaka: A ruthless and brilliant leader of the Zulus. Paternalistic: The system of governing a country as a father would a child. David Livingstone: A well known explorer and missionary who opposed the slave trade and wrote of the African people with less bias and...
Words: 788 - Pages: 4
...ETH/125 Denise Langdon Final Project Throughout the class I have learned many new things about different racial groups, sexual orientation, religious groups, and gender. The media has a strong role in promoting diversity and creating prejudices and stereotypes. In school I was taught that Blacks were separated from Whites in the south, but I did not realize this was until 1964. That is not that long ago. Living in California I do not see racial separation still today, but in a visit to South Carolina you can see the separation still exists. I guess I had assumed that segregation ended soon after the freeing of slaves. In 1964 that would have been part of my Mom’s generation and this is not something that she had ever mentioned, but she did not grow up in the south. I do believe many people make assumptions of other people and that is part of the problem we have with the issues with prejudice and stereotyping races. I feel if I traveled to South Carolina again I would have greater empathy for the Black Americans from that area. Before I could see that the Black American’s were different from the Black American’s I met here in California but I did not know why. My sister lived in South Carolina for a few years while she was in the Navy and she too noticed the difference in the Black Americans that lived there compared to those she knew in California. Personally I had not researched the treatment of people of my ethnic background. During school I learned about the potato...
Words: 1366 - Pages: 6
...quotes/ chapters for all levels Review book at end of AP curriculum for review Questions raised: 1. How did industry and European-style countries called nation-states—rather than highly developed agrarian empires like China and India—come to define our world? 2. How has the gap between rich and poor increased? 3. How and why have European ways of organizing the world come to dominate the globe? 4. Was the Rise of the West a temporary blip? Scope: Global look (but especially Europe, China and India) 1400 -1900 Chapter by chapter breakdown: Intro “In the space of just 200 years, the world has seen a great reversal of fortune: where once Asians held most of the economic cards, today it is primarily Western countries and Japan.” (p. 2) Concepts addressed/ introduced in chapter: Globalization Enlightenment Communism Nation-states French Revolution Weber-Protestant work ethic Disease Industrial Revolution “modernization” Exploration/ Encounter “Progress History” Colonialism Renaissance Capitalism Slavery Modes of Historical Inquiry Comparative units of analysis Definition of Eurocentrism State legitimacy Concept of Pentimento (p. 8) Ecological analysis Historical inquiry – multiple causality (contingent, accidents, and conjunctures) Chapter 1 Material and Trading Worlds Circa 1400 “The Chinese, for example, had a long history of contact with these kinds of people [nomads], and in fact had come to classify them into...
Words: 1368 - Pages: 6
...sailor who wrote the last news about Greenland in 1410. Another main character is Christopher Columbus, who arrived at Hispaniola in 1492, but now this island is two countries, the Dominican Republic and the Haiti. Diamond studied the politics of two presidents. the dominican Rafael Trujillo, who protected the enviroment and the dictator François, Papa Doc, Duvalier, who decided on politics of deforestatation of his country, Haiti. The author considered the bad politics of another main character, king George II, who was interested in sending merinosheeps from Spain to Australia, an idea which was succesful from 1820 to 1950 but then the farmers understood their lands lost fertility. Another main character is Tokuwaga Jeayasu, a shogun of Japan in 1600, who prohibited Christianity in 1600 and protected his country againt deforestation. The book takes us to a lot of places around the globe: Mayan cities, Rwanda, Viking colonies of Vinland or Greenland, Haiti and Dominican Republic, Easter Island and Polynesian colonies in Pacific, and the Chaco villages in New Mexico (United States). The time period was from 800 AC, when collapsed Mayan cities to 2005. Other locations are the Viking ships, isolated churches in Greenland, ghostly stone heads in Easter Island, sheep farms in Australia or the farmers of Montana (United States). The book is richly informative, with a lot of places of diferent peoples and cultures. All the characters were trying to build a wealthy society but they...
Words: 22095 - Pages: 89
...Christopher Columbus: The Original American Hero? Was Columbus a hero or a villain? Maybe it’s neither. Columbus was brave and daring, and did things that were important to world history. But he wasn’t heroic in the sense of displaying great moral qualities. Courage, while generally a good character trait, isn’t necessarily heroic or even highly honorable and praiseworthy unless it’s deployed in certain kinds of actions or causes. But he also wasn’t especially villainous in the sense of displaying particular evil qualities. His arrival in the Americas caused a great deal of death to American Indians, chiefly from disease. And it caused the subjugation and literal or virtual enslavement of the Indians. But this didn’t stem from Columbus’s being an unusually evil person. It stemmed from the brutality of the time, coupled with the contact between one culture that was much more powerful than another (and that carried many communicable diseases to which members of the other culture lacked resistance). I’m inclined to say that we shouldn’t celebrate Columbus Day, precisely because such national celebrations should be focused on honoring people who did things that were both especially important and especially honorable (such as veterans, President Washington, or Martin Luther King, Jr.) and not just on people who did things that were especially important. This might conceivably include not-necessarily-good people who did things that were unambiguously good. But European expansion...
Words: 2988 - Pages: 12
