...decided to do my first response paper on the topic of dada art (pages 1148-1152). This art form in my opinion is the most conversial art form ever in America’s history and greatly interests me due to the misconception about this art form. With artists such as Marcel Duchamp, Raoul Hausmann, and Hans Arp, these artists show the complexity and un-guide lined art that is called data art. With this new form of art, people had no idea how to react to something that was not known as art for so many years but meaningless scribbles until the 20th century. I’m going to give you a little history and perspectives in this type of art, known as dada art. You will understand why this art form is much speculated to not be an art form but something that is being portrayed as “anti-art”. With similar acts of great self-expression shown throughout history, always comes some form of hate towards these expressions. Georges Hugnet the author of The Bulletin of the Museum of Modern Art Vol. 4, No. 2, Dada and Surrealism states that, “Dada is ageless, it has no parents, but stands alone, making no distinction between what is and what is not.” “It approves while denying, it contradicts itself, and acquires new force by this very contradiction.” The origin of dada art is said to be created by Romanian poet Tristan Tzara, yet Richard Huelsen and Hugo Ball had discovered the name dada by randomly by plunging a knife into a dictionary repeatedly. Dada was an international signifier of negation, which this...
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...Dadaism and Surrealism Dadaism and Surrealism The Dadaism art movement is part of history now. The movement began in Zurich and New York around the time of the First World War. ("Dada," n.d.) Dadaism was aimed at the artists who felt art created spiritual values. There was a focus on the failure of this by the endless days of war, the art of previous era’s had done nothing to create spiritual values in the followers mind. Dada was a protest against what they felt was the root cause of war. Dada was an “anti-art” according to Hans Richter, one of the founders of this movement. Dada was used to offend people; it ignored aesthetics and was generally preposterous in form. Many of the art displays were made of different mediums such as urinals, garbage, bus tickets, even snow shovels. One of the more known pieces from the Dadaism period is from Marcel Duchamp “Fountain” in 1917 it was simply a urinal. This shows us that with Dadaism they were able to create art even from objects that would normally not be considered art. Surrealism as an art movement officially started in 1924. In 1924 The Surrealist Manifesto written by Andre Breton was published. Many of the artistic pieces of this era are dream like. Some type of art to wonder and marvel at, not an art of reason. ("Dada," n.d.) Surrealism is thought to have been formed as a reaction to Dadaism art movement, which was a protest of the carnages of World War 1. Surrealism was more focused on the positive outcomes of...
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...periods. Dadaism began in Switzerland in 1916 as a response to World War I. Influenced by the earlier Cubism, this style of art ranged from paintings, sculptures, poetry, and photography. Dadaism is well known for the way it ridiculed materialistic and nationalistic attitudes. They were un-conventionalist in every manor. The Dada artists opposed and resented the social classes who thought that they could control the working class. Dadaists were disgusted by the nationalism that fed into World War 1 and were against any form of group leadership or dictatorship. They were upset that the modern European society would allow war to happen and this is how they knew to protest the idea of war. And if war was to happen then any traditions in any facet where thrown out the window, including art. They believed the art at this time had no meaning and if they were to continue to create art, they would make non-art to show that they did not agree with the current dramas. Dadaist tried to separate themselves from society norms in every which way they could. Even the explanation of how they got the name “Dada” screams unconventional. Some say that the name “Dada”, which is French for hobbyhorse, was adopted from co-founder Richard Huelsenbeck, who claims that he came up with the name by “plunging a knife at random into a dictionary”. (Wolf, 2014) One of the core principals of Dadaism was the belief in freedom of expression and an anti-war support. Also, most of the artist wanted anyone...
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...Nilson Carroll ART 353 Research Paper The Dada Text In July 1916, as the Great War raged across Europe, Hugo Ball read aloud the first Dada manifesto at the Cabaret Voltaire (Ades, Caberet 16). In typical Dada hyperbole, the manifesto made wild claims about the power of the word Dada and how it indicated a new tendency in art and literature. The manifesto, and the many that were written after it, identified and combated what the Dadaists saw as the bourgeois corruption that had caused the war and diluted art into something worthless. Through written manifestos, Dada poetry and collage, wild forms of theater and new ideas on visual art, Dada found a common voice among several different groups of artists from across Europe and in New York. Today, Dada is understood as an art movement, chronologically somewhere in between Futurism and Surrealism. Yet, Dada cannot be understood simply as a visual art movement, but instead as a literary movement. Rather than through painting or sculpture, Dada is best understood through the text, manifestos, poetry, and magazines produced by the Dadaists. Dada visual art by artists like Francis Picabia, Marcel Duchamp, or Hans Arp do not rely on traditional formal elements of art, but rather on the titles of the works. Dadaists have more in common with their contemporary, poet Guillaume Apollinaire, than with any painter, and they are more concerned with Symbolist poets Arthur Rimbaud and Comte de Lautréamont than with modern painters Édouard Manet...
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...THE MOVEMENTS: ROCOCO THROUGH SURREALISM The Movements: Rococo through Surrealism Hum 100 Final At the end of the Baroque period the neo-classical style Rococo emerge in France. It dealt with elaborate ornamentation. The essence of Romanticism is particularly difficult to describe because it heavily focuses on emotion so you have to see, or hear it to understand it. Art in the modern era from 1860-1914 consists of Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, Fauvism, and Expressionism. These movements are closely related to each other, instead of being a carful rendering like in Realism art was freer flowing and had looser lines. Between the world wars art took on new roles these movements were: Cubism, Futurism, Dada, and Surrealism. The old social stratification of classes was beginning to break down in Europe. The Rococo movement started in France in the early 18th century and is marked by elaborate ornamentation. The Rococo musical style is often viewed as an extension of the Baroque movement, ands characterized by a high degree of ornamentation and lightness of expression. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, born January 27th, 1756 in Salzburg began composing music at the age of five. In 1788 Mozart wrote his final three symphonies nos. 39, 40, and 41. He composed these symphonies for zero commission and at the time had no other source of income. Mozart composed these three pieces of work quite rapidly. Composing came easily to Mozart and he often said that he was a vessel and...
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...used images from the street, the mass media, the supermarket, ready-made items, and present them as art in itself. (Pop art) Dada was an international movement starting in 1916 and ending in 1922 that started as a protest of WWI. Many artists were fed up and used their art as a forum to “spit on” nationalism and materialism, which they felt contributed to the war. Because of the war, many artists, especially French and German, found themselves in Zurich where refuge was offered which is where the origin of the movement can be traced to when Hugo Ball opened the Cabaret Voltaire in 1916. (Sniles) Within a few days the core of Dada movement was established with artists such as Emily Hennings, Jean Arp, Tristan Tzara, and Richard Haulsenbeck. (Sniles) There are a couple of theories of how the name Dada came to be with one being French poet Tristan Tzara thrust a knife into pages of a dictionary, randomly finding a name for the movement. (Dada) Officially, Dada was not a movement, the artists not artists, and the art not art and there was one basic rule: Never follow any known rules. (Esaak) As an early form of Shock Art, the artists used mild obscenities, visual puns, sarcasm, and everyday items as art. Assemblage, collage, photomontage and the use of ready-made objects all gained wide acceptance due to their use in Dada art. (Esaak) Dada is known for the “ready-made” art and using bright colors. This no rules theory of the movement worked until it started to become...
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...societal, political, or cultural values, although these values often conflict. The movements of Dada, Punk, and Futurism exhibit similarities in their rejection of past traditions, though they differ in the ways that they express their rejection and their ideals. These similarities can be seen through examples...
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...replicated a can of soup over and over again in the same piece of art, is that exploitation? Artists use symbols in their art to explain the meaning of their creations. How the artist portrays these symbols makes the difference between art forms. Often, artists make these symbols and icons easily recognizable so that anyone viewing their art can easily understand the meaning. A painting of Jesus offers an important religious symbol just as a painting of Marilyn Monroe represents the popular culture of the 1950’s. Surrealism is an art form that uses these symbols and icons to convey meaning. In the early 1920’s, Andre Breton used the term Surrealism to describe the artistic and literary practices which consisted of Dada and Freud’s theories. Dada was an art form designed to be purposely misunderstood and confusing, and Dadaist made fun of that art and the world around them (Wilder, 2007). According to Wilder (2007), Marcel Duchamp’s ready-made art, which was literally just as it sounds, offers an excellent example of Dada’s theory. Marcel turned everyday objects into art; creating a piece that he called “Fountain” from a urinal. Around the time that Surrealism was born, Sigmund Freud’s theory of the subconscious mind surfaced. Freud believed that a link existed between a person’s subconscious mind, their waking life, and their intentions. In other words, what you dream about is influential in your daily life. For example, if you dream about bugs, it could represent...
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...anti-Nazi Political activism. He was working in Germany between the two world wars, and developed an innovative method of appropriating and reusing photographs to powerful political effect. Heartfield pioneered photomontage and used the technique of cutting up and combining photographic images to strong political effect. His most famous works were powerful satirical attacks on Hitler and the Nazi’s. Heartfield combined radical art of the avant-garde artistic movement of Berlin Dada with revolutionary politics. At a time of uncertainty, Heartfield’s agitated images forecasted and reflected the chaos Germany experienced in the 1920’s and 1930’s, as it slipped towards social and political catastrophe. Photomontage allowed Heartfield to create loaded and politically contentious images. To compose his works, he chose recognisable press photographs of politicians or events from the mainstream illustrated press. He them dissembled and rearranged these images to radically alter their meaning. Whereas other Dada exponents of montages produced art, for Heartfield his output has the appearance of newspaper photographs. For Heartfield, the definition of photomontage was wider than most peoples, and he insisted it should include a single photo with caption, since text and image interacted with each other in a similar way to multiple images. Many of John Heartfield’s best work utilise famous quotes of leading Nazi’s and undermine the intended message by ingenious visual puns. Many...
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...What intrigued me the most in Laura Vandenburgh’s presentation was her ability to bring importance and precedence on a subject that many people don’t think twice about. Drawing was a topic I deemed insignificant, boring, and useless up until Laura’s presentation where I realized the daily benefits we draw from the art itself. Her statement that “drawing is fundamental yet marginal” stuck with me as I watched each slide of art she put up. With each of those pictures I couldn’t help but see the drawing behind it, whether it be the distinct reflection of the thought process, the faint strokes of lines behind the finished product, or the development of a message the artist wished to express. Out of the many pieces of art Laura presented to the class, the two that caught my eye and were visually stimulating were the Real Life is Rubbish created by Tim Noble and Sue Webster and Francis Alys’s political statement photo. When I saw Tim Noble’s art, what came to mind was the saying “one man’s garbage is another man’s treasure” and while this statement may not be representative of this art, it certainly grasps the message that something so ghastly and repulsive can also be beautiful and breathtaking at the same time. I love the irony this piece of art represents, the dual meanings garbage is given, as well as the various perspectives it forces the audience to see. In Francis Alys’s politically influenced photo I enjoyed the way he went around getting his message across. The creativity and...
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...paintings were just that, realistic depictions of real-time scenes. In keeping with Gustave Courbet’s statement in 1861 “painting is an essentially concrete art and can only consist in the representation of real and existing things” (Finocchio). In realism, there is no personification of people as mythical beings, no glorifications, and romanticizing takes no place. The focus of this art period was on the common man. Surrealism is a type of art and literature that developed in the 20th century, officially in 1924. Surrealism grew through Europe between World War I and World War II. It was founded by a small group of artists attempting to unlock the power of imagination and heavily influenced by Sigmund Freud. Surrealism evolved from the Dada movement, which created paintings of anti-art that purposely defied normal reasoning to the viewer. However, Surrealism focused on positive expression of the unconscious mind not blocked by rational thinking (Voorhies). Surrealism focused on the exposing of dream-like atmospheres by using desire, sexuality, and violence. Many paintings provided a type of therapeutic medicine during the art creation by visually expressing their unconscious thoughts for all to see. Franklin Rosemont...
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...At the turn of 20th century, the relationship between art and society was changing rapidly. Several art movements emerged, with artists strongly believing that the main goal of art was to influence and change status quo. This change was caused and influenced by several issues, such as rapid technological development, development of science, philosophy or photography, crucial cultural and political changes, first world war, etc. In this paper, I will discuss the aim and the effect of three important 20th century movements that are integrally related to the growth and development of Modernism in the early 20th century: dada, surrealism and futurism, analyzing their manifestos and works of art, how they challenged their modernity and what impact did they have on latter development of art. The first art manifesto of the 20th century was introduced by Futurists in Italy in 1909. Before that time, the manifesto was almost exclusively a declaration with political aims. The intention of different artists adopting the form, therefore, was to indicate that they are employing art as a political tool, addressing wider issues such as the need for revolution, problems of political system and/or society, freedom of expression, etc. Moreover, it was not uncommon for manifesto writers and other members of the movements of the early 20th century to also be politically active. Futurist leader – Marinetti was one of the young intellectuals and artists who actively opposed Italian government’s...
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...origins in Europe in the early part of the twentieth century. The works from both movements would accurately be described as avant-garde. Both presented new and experimental ideas not seen in previous art movements. The earlier period, Dadaism (1916-1924), arose as a protest to the horrors of World War I. Dada presents as a chaotic collection of imagery and ideas. This presentation of imagery in their strange juxtapositions influenced the following Surrealism movement. Both were grounded in their opposition to the rational and logical socio-political ideas that the artists of the time felt contributed to the causes of the calamity that was the First World War. If Dadaism could be described in one word, it would be chaotic. The Dadaism movement began at the Cabaret Voltaire in Zurich in 1916 after the outbreak of World War I as painters, poets and filmmakers fled to neutral Switzerland. Dada art can be in the form of poetry, paintings, and sculpture but the most popular forms are collages, photo-montages and ready-mades. Dada is characterized by random placement of imagery, words or features and the purposeful irrationality in the selection of the imagery. Dada is described as anti-aesthetic, anti-rational and anti-idealistic (Oxford, 2015). Though the term Surrealism was first coined in 1917 to describe the ballet Parade co-written by Pablo Picasso, it was officially considered to have been founded in 1924 when André Breton wrote Le Manifeste du Surréalisme. Surrealism...
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...Humanities RIWT Task1 Describe Dadaism Dadaism or Dada was developed during World War I. The movement was born, as they say, in Zurich by refugees from mostly Germany and France. Dadaism used visual art, literature such as poetry, theatre, and some graphic design. It was a protest against the war. Because of the horrific events going on in the war, Dadaists used everything from obscenities, scatological humor, visual puns, and any object that would do to thrash nationalism, rationalism, materialism and anything which they felt added to or contributed to the war. Dada used prefabricated materials such as photographs, paintings and mass-produced objects in their art works. They used the idea as much as the materials. An everyday object is turned into an art by object by placing it an artistic context. It disregarded tradition and the use of conscious form in favor of the ridiculous. The movement spread from Zurich to other parts of Europe and eventually New York City. The art form began to get serious consideration in the early 1920s. The Dadaism slowly faded. Describe Surrealism The dictionary defines Surrealism as “A style of art and literature developed principally in the 20th century, stressing the subconscious or non-rational significance of imagery arrived at by automatism or the exploitation of chance effects.” Surrealism was a movement in the 1920s, and is best known for the visual artworks and writings of the group members. Surrealist works feature the element...
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...Generation’s Inspiration Art has always been a medium of expression. Previous art styles like the classic Renaissance Art style of the Victorian era to the gruesome Dada Art Movement reflected the current society’s state of mind. The Renaissance Art style reflected the common enlightenment of society, the embracing of new ideas whereas the Dada Art Movement of the early twentieth century reflected the grotesque effects that World War I had on the general public. However, the Surrealist Art Movement, developed from the Dada Art Movement, didn’t reflect a society’s state of mind. The Surrealist Art Movement emphasized self-expression and the exploration of the mind. The one who revolutionized this change in the usage of art is none other than the most influential Surrealist artist, Salvador Dali. Dali developed a unique art technique that consisted of manipulating the subconscious mind, allowing viewers to uniquely perceive his art in various ways. With his unique technique, the paranoiac critical method, Salvador Dali changed how the world perceived Surrealism by creating a distinction between a branch of Dadaism, Surrealism, and the previously renowned Dada art style itself: the elaborate use of the subconscious mind. The Dada Art Movement was the first global art movement that revolutionized how art would be perceived. The Dada Art movement was “founded in 1916 in Zunich by artists who fled their homelands during the first World War”, a time where war plagued the entire world (Hapgood...
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