...efficiency and economic viability of rearing African catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822) fingerlings and juveniles A. Z. Aderolu*, B. M. Seriki, A. L. Apatira and C. U. Ajaegbo Aquaculture Nutrition Unit, Department of Marine Sciences, University of Lagos, Akoka-Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria. Accepted 16 December, 2009 Feeding frequency effect on growth performance, feed utilization and economic viability of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings and juveniles were studied under natural photoperiods of 12/12 h light/dark cycle using a complete random design. Triplicate group of 10 fish with an initial mean weight of 8.5 ± 0.1 g and 34.3 ± 0.1 g respectively per tank (measuring 52 x 33.5 x 21 cm). A commercial feed (COPPENS) with crude protein of 42% and ether extract 12% was fed for 8 weeks over four feeding frequencies studied (once, twice, thrice and four times). Mean weight gain, relative growth rate and the specific growth rate were all significantly different (P < 0.05) across feeding levels except at thrice and four times feeding levels. The feed conversion ratio was lowest on three times a day feeding level both for the juvenile and fingerling (0.66 and 0.73, respectively). Although net profit value, in both juvenile and fingerling group are not significantly different, the investment cost analysis and the gross profit between fish fed thrice and four times are equally not significantly (P > 0.05) different. The results of this experiment, both at the juvenile...
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...Noram Foods was considering the impact of changing their package weight standards They are considering kind of trade-off between two policies: 1st Company current policy on weight control: At least 95 per cent of all packaged net weights shipped will be above the stated net weight 2nd Country legalization: “catch weight product” means a product that because of its nature cannot normally be portioned to a predetermined quantity and is, as a result, usually sold in packages of varying quantity -We believe that a more accurate control policy could reduce costs for Noram foods but we must insure net weight does not fall bellow stated amount - Let’s go through the case to see how we can achieve the previous mentioned statement COMPANY BACKGROUND “The head office of Noram International was located in New York. Head office control was primarily financial, as part of Noram’s success was based on giving international units a large amount of local autonomy. Moreover, food tended to be subject to specific and different legislation in each country in which Noram produced its products.” • We consider this as the primary company policy for Noram foods world wide Operation for Pre-Cooked Baby Cereals: Concentrate on a specific product line they choose pre-cooked baby cereals in which unit size and weight were small and uniform. As a result it is not difficult to control “Typically, the machine was allowed to continue if the condition was...
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...This Story of Mine It all started when I was in eighth grade weighing 120 pounds and four feet nine inches tall. During my eighth grade year, I dated a guy who was skinny to the bones. He had no fat nor did he have muscles; he was pretty much a stick. On the other hand, I had a chubby round face with wide fat hips; and let’s just say, a bunch of fat hanging in between. I always thought to myself that I wanted to be skinny so I’ll look good standing next to him. He always told me that I was fat and I would look prettier if I was skinny. I starting thinking and finally came to a conclusion. That was, to break up with him and I did; I was a lot happier, stronger, and more confident. But from then on, I kept his words. For someone who didn’t love me for who I truly was, I decided to transform myself into a different person. Later on, I realized that not only is appearance what matters, but it’s what’s inside that matters the most. When summer began, I started working out every single day and night; I pushed myself really hard for I wanted to look pretty faster. Then, my hard work finally paid off! I lost 20 pounds at the end of my freshman year and weighed 100 pounds with the height of five feet two inches. I was anorexic for three years and never went bulimic; however, I had always thought of becoming bulimic but I was too scared of the causes. I started starving myself, eating less than one meal a day, and drank Special K’s protein drinks. I also exercised every day during the...
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...pounds, four bottles of water that weight 4.8 pounds in total, and finally one water purifier that weighs .2 pounds. I need about 1,500 calories per day, however the situation I would be put in would need me to ration the 9,770 calories. I would also keep in mind that I can trade the Clif Bars in return for something that is vital to my health. I normally drink two bottles of water per day, so I would only drink water when it's extremely necessary. I would...
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...Receiving The Receiving Control Point The receiving function is critical because at this control point ownership of the products is transferred from the supplier or vendor to the operation. Receiving comes into focus after the menu has been planned and the products dictated by the menu have been purchased. The objectives of the receiving function include inspecting deliveries to evaluate the quality and determine the Quantity of the products, checking prices, and arriving at an accept or reject decision. In reality, receiving practices range from carefully checking each item delivered to allowing the supplier's truck driver to put the order away and the manager simply signing the invoice. However, from a control standpoint, the former method is certainly preferable to the latter one. A carefully planned menu and skillful purchasing are useless if the operation accepts inferior products. Conversely, good receiving techniques can maximize the results of the other control points. Receiving success requires competent personnel, proper equipment, adequate receiving facilities, established receiving hours, and several types of receiving control forms. Receiving and Personnel The number of persons working at the receiving control point varies among food service operations. The major determining factor is the size of the operation and its annual sales volume. In a relatively small operation, the manager or the assistant manager is usually in charge of receiving. In a larger operation...
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...Lapodium Logistics Int’l Inc. Room 601, Roman Santos Bldg., Plaza Lacson, Sta. Cruz, Metro Manila1003 Philippines November 26, 2013 ASSAM Corp. Unit 1204, 139 Corporate Center Valero St. Salcedo Village Makati City . Attention: Mr. Jake Tansanco Subject: Standard FCL Quotation (1x20’ or 1x40’) Dear Sir: We would like to inform you the following charges: From Customs to Delivery |Measurement: Gross Weight : | |Duties, Taxes & Other Charges | |As per Computation | |Brokerage Fee with Vat | |As per CAO 1-2001 | |Processing | |1,000.00 | |Documentation | |500.00 | |Releasing | |500.00 | |Handling | |500.00 | ...
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...1 landlords having NRI connections and good education level. | Aspirations for matching the social status at par with NRI relatives. Need Rugged car along with Luxary for rural roads. | 6.25 | Segment 4 | Living in Bombay | Age 25 - 40 year | Successful TV/Movie actors | Having a requirement of stylish expensive car to match the standards of their public image | 4.85 | Assumptions * Car is best in class engineering. * Car has best looks in luxury segment. Selected Segment attractiveness factors 1. Potential segment size 2. growth potential 3. Profit potential 4. Competitive intensity 5. Cyclicality Weighting segment attractiveness factors Segmemt attractiveness factors | Weight | Volume growth potential | 30 | Profit Potential | 25 | Potential segment size | 20 | Competitive intensity | 15 | Cyclicality | 10 | Total | 100 | Parameters and their scores for segment attractiveness factors | Parameters | Parameters | Parameters | Segment Attractiveness factors | High (10-7) | Medium (6-4) | Low (3-0) | Volume growth potential | Industry Avg + 3 % |...
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...limit it to just the total or average Perception score. This is called SERVPERF and is used when Expectations are likely to be all the same (typically high). Weights can be applied here as well. STEPS TO OBTAIN UNWEIGHTED SERVQUAL SCORE Step 1. Select a business the service quality of which you want to assess. Using the SERVQUAL instrument, first obtain the score for each of the 22 expectation questions. Next, obtain a core for each of the perception questions. Calculate the Gap Score each of the statements (Gap Score = Perception – Expectation). Step 2. Obtain an average Gap Score for each dimension by assessing the Gap Scores for each of the statements that constitute the dimension and dividing the sum by the number of statements making up the dimension. Step 3. In TABLE 1 transfer the average dimension SERVQUAL scores (for all five dimensions) from the SERVQUAL instrument. Sum up the scores and divide it by five to obtain the unweighted measure of service quality. STEPS TO OBTAIN THE WEIGHTED SERVQUAL SCORE Step 1. In Table 2 calculate the importance weights for each of the five dimensions constituting the SERVQUAL scale. (The instructions are provided along with the table). Step 2. In Table 3 enter the average SERVQUAL score for each dimension (from Table 1) and the importance weight for each dimension (from Table 2). Then...
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....5 | 2 | 3 | .6 | 1.8 | 21.5 | | 3 | Potato SeedCenter | 4 | .8 | 3.2 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 5 | .8 | 4 | 5 | .8 | 4 | 5 | .7 | 3.5 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 3 | .8 | 2.4 | 5 | .8 | 4 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 32.3 | | 4 | Restaurant (Male) | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 5 | .8 | 4 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 5 | .7 | 3.5 | 4 | .6 | 2.4 | 3 | .8 | 2.4 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 5 | .7 | 3.5 | 29.8 | | 5 | AgriculturalTechnologyRentals | 3 | .6 | 1.8 | 4 | .6 | 2.4 | 4 | .6 | 2.4 | 4 | .5 | 2 | 4 | .7 | 2.8 | 3 | .6 | 1.8 | 4 | .6 | 2.4 | 3 | .7 | 2.1 | 4 | .6 | 2.4 | 4 | .6 | 2.4 | 21.5 | | Legend: Rating: Criterion: R-Rating 5- Excellent A- Market Availability 4- Very Satisfactory B- Raw Material Availability W- Weight 3-Satisfactory C-Technology Availability 2-Fair D-Skills Availability WS- Weighted Score 1-Poor E-Government F-Strategic Fit G-Ease of Implementation H-Risk of Exposure I-Profitability...
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...INTRODUCTION In this investigation, I intend to find out whether there is a relationship in height and weight in students, and how this relationship changes between girls and boys, with age. I have chosen to investigate the relationship between the height and the weight as I think that the height and the weight are the only two categories that will give a clear correlation. If I was to investigate the relationship of two other categories, like the eye colour and the IQ, I believe that however interesting and amusing the results would be, they would not provide too clear a relationship, or any conclusive information. The data provided gives information about 1183 girls and boys at Mayfield High School, who have been categorized into their year groups. These year groups begin with the students entering their teens, and end in their mid-teenage years. In order to be able to compare girls and boys in each year, I will represent the distribution of heights and weights for both sexes in each year in various forms. I plan to use stem and leaf plots, scatter graphs and box plots, and a wide range of calculated data, like the mean of the heights and weights, their interquartile range and their Body Mass Index. The data that will be represented will not be all the data provided, as if I were to do this, then I would be plotting 2366 datum points which would be ideal, however time does not allow for this number of points. So, instead...
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...create the IFE matrix? The IFE matrix can be created using the following five steps: Key internal factors... Conduct internal audit and identify both strengths and weaknesses in all your business areas. It is suggested you identify 10 to 20 internal factors, but the more you can provide for the IFE matrix, the better. The number of factors has no effect on the range of total weighted scores (discussed below) because the weights always sum to 1.0, but it helps to diminish estimate errors resulting from subjective ratings. First, list strengths and then weaknesses. It is wise to be as specific and objective as possible. You can for example use percentages, ratios, and comparative numbers. Weights... Having identified strengths and weaknesses, the core of the IFE matrix, assign a weight that ranges from 0.00 to 1.00 to each factor. The weight assigned to a given factor indicates the relative importance of the factor. Zero means not important. One indicates very important. If you work with more than 10 factors in your IFE matrix, it can be easier to assign weights using the 0 to 100 scale instead of 0.00 to 1.00. Regardless of...
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...SEONGNAM-SI, GYEONGGI-DO, KOREA Vessel (see clause 1 + 19) Voyage No. Place of Delivery. Applicable only when document used as Multimodal Transport B/L. (see clause 1) RHL ASTRUM Port of Loading 1302 Port of Discharge Davao City, Philippines Pyong Taek, Korea, South PARTICULARS FURNISHED BY SHIPPER - CARRIER NOT RESPONSIBLE Kind of Packages; Description of goods; Marks and Numbers; Container No./Seal No. Gross Weight Measurement 2 containers said to contain 1200 BALES COCO PEAT NET WEIGHT: 36,830 KGS COUNTRY OF ORIGIN: PHILIPPINES PRICE TERMS: CFR PYONGTAEK DOCUMENTARY CREDIT NUMBER: M04T6301NU00356 37230 KGS 80 CBM SHIPPER DECLARES THE CARGO TO BE (COUNTRY OF ORIGIN: PHILIPPINES). THIS DECLARATION, INCLUDING OTHER CARGO DETAILS HAS NOT BEEN VERIFIED BY OR FOR THE CARRIER WHO SHALL BE WITHOUT ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR ITS CORRECTNESS - AS PER CLAUSE 14.2 HEREOF MRKU2958840 ML-PH0630455 40 DRY 9'6 600 BALES 19780 KGS 40 CBM MRKU3150815 ML-PH0630531 40 DRY 9'6 600 BALES 17450 KGS 40 CBM FREIGHT PREPAID SHIPPER'S LOAD, STOW, WEIGHT AND COUNT CY/CY VERIFY COPY Rate Unit...
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...ranking is better, second or worst. In this case, if you have two that are the same, that doesn’t matter, as both will receive the same score. For example, conference costs are $25,000, $20,000 and $15,000 for Chicago, New York and Las Vegas. Using three as the best and 1 as the worst, you would rank Chicago 3, New York 2, and Las Vegas as 1. Now do this for each of the dimensions based on whether or not the metric is good, second or worst. You should get a table that looks like this: Scoring Model (3 = Best, 2 = Second Best, 1 = Worst) | Chicago | New York | Las Vegas | Airfare | 3 | 1 | 3 | Hotel Room Rate | 3 | 1 | 2 | Conference Costs | 1 | 2 | 3 | Survey Rank | 3 | 2 | 1 | SCORE | 10 | 6 | 9 | Last, let’s now weight the scoring model. To do this please review the tutorial for the details – it is a really good description. With that being said, you should get a table that looks something like this: FIRST, access the Weighted Scoring Model area of the assignment. As you read through the Case Analysis, you will find that Conference costs are twice as...
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...shown below: User requirement Specification | Weighting | 1. Survive drop of 1m. Not become disconnected from any pieces. | 5 | 2. Reach a speed along flat terrain of 1ms-1. | 2 | 3. Use minimum number of parts, thereby keeping costs at a minimum. | 4 | 4. Design which is light as possible, reduce risk of becoming stuck. | 1 | 5. Achieve an aesthetically pleasing design. | 3 | The URS can be used to rank each concept, with each requirement having a score of a certain weighting. This will allow for a clear analysis of each model, and will aid in choosing which parts of each design should be taken forward and developed. It was decided to build 3 models: * Durable/Tough - Survive drop from 1m intact * Light weight – Use as few parts as possible * Aesthetically pleasing design By building these models, we can observe which aspects are most important in...
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...One common and useful technique is constructing a competitor array. The steps include: Define your industry - scope and nature of the industry Determine who your competitors are Determine who your customers are and what benefits they expect Determine what the key success factors are in your industry Rank the key success factors by giving each one a weighting - The sum of all the weightings must add up to one. Rate each competitor on each of the key success factors Multiply each cell in the matrix by the factor weighting. This can best be displayed on a two dimensional matrix - competitors along the top and key success factors down the side. An example of a competitor array follows:[4] Key Industry Success Factors Weighting Competitor #1 rating Competitor #1 weighted Competitor #2 rating Competitor #2 weighted 1 - Extensive distribution .4 6 2.4 3 1.2 2 - Customer focus .3 4 1.2 5 1.5 3 - Economies of scale .2 3 .6 3 .6 4 - Product innovation .1 7 .7 4 .4 Totals 1.0 20 4.9 15 3.7 In this example competitor #1 is rated higher than competitor #2 on product innovation ability (7 out of 10, compared to 4 out of 10) and distribution networks (6 out of 10), but competitor #2 is rated higher on customer focus (5 out of 10). Overall, competitor #1 is rated slightly higher than competitor #2 (20 out of 40 compared to 15 out of 40). When the success factors are weighted according to their importance, competitor #1 gets a far better rating...
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