...The Benefits of Naps on Cognition Sarah Quitzau July 20th, 2016 Douglas College 1 1 The Benefits of Naps on Cognition During sleep, the brain sequences through a pattern lasting about 90 to 120 minutes. These stages are separated into two big categories, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM). During NREM sleep one enters into a slow-wave sleep, which is the deepest kind. Slow-wave sleep helps remember facts, places, and faces, while REM sleep is associated with dreaming (Ficca, Axelsson, Mollicone & Muto, 2010, p.249). The amount of time humans spend in REM sleep depends on age. Newborn babies sleep about 16 hours per day and spend about 50% of that time in REM sleep. Older people (50+ years of age) sleep an average of six hours per day and spend 13-15% of that time in REM sleep. Moreover, the suggested amount of sleep for a healthy adult is eight to nine hours, yet many adults do not receive this much sleep each night (Hershner & Chervin, 2014. p.73). While some people rely on caffeine or motivation to make it through the day, some rely on daytime sleeping, also known as naps. Through empirical research, it is suggested that naps positively impact our cognition, especially our alertness, memory consolidation, and stress levels. The results from a 2007 study published in the Journal of Sports Sciences conducted by Waterhouse, Atkinson, Edwards & Reilly found that a post-lunch power nap improves alertness and aspects of mental and physical...
Words: 4281 - Pages: 18
...Justice System Position Paper Amber Spencer CJS240 August 19, 2012 John Beazoglou Justice System Position Paper Schools are filled with gangs, violence, weapons and drugs. The illegal opportunities are surrounding the children of today. Some children grown up in very attentive homes where their parents are involved with their schooling, friends and activities and then we have those parents who are less attentive and preoccupied with their own needs and wants. There has been some question to weather the juvenile system should focus on rehabilitation or punishment, my stand is that they should most defiantly focus on rehabilitation more so than punishment. I have come to find though our learning’s and discussions that not all delinquent children choose to do so for the want of being “bad” or defiant but rather to feel complete, needed and wanted. We see this pattern more so in those who choose to become a member or a gang. I feel that when this is the case they should not be punished but rather redirected, counseled, and educated on why they are choosing a life of crime for their future rather than choosing to be a full functioning member and assent to the community. Each child is different just as their choices and reasoning’s are and should be rehabilitated according to their needs so that they can become our positive future rather than our future inmates. When rehabilitation is used it corrects the reason of why someone is choosing to be delinquent, and this...
Words: 1503 - Pages: 7
...Theories of Social Movements Relative Deprivation Theory Relative deprivation theory, developed by Denton Morrison (1971) is a more general theory about why individuals join social movements. A person experiences relative deprivation when she feels that she is not receiving her “fair share” of what seems to be available. Therefore, the people who are the worst off are not necessarily the ones experiencing relative deprivation. For instance, research in the Civil Rights movement showed that African Americans who were the most active were not most deprived but were fairly well-off, such as college students or religious leaders but they were the ones who felt the most relatively deprived. Key to the idea of relative deprivation is the notion of expectations, that is, what people think they deserve and want in life. If these expectations are met, people do not experience discontent or relative deprivation. On the other hand, if people compare themselves to their reference groups and find that they have less, they will experience relative deprivation. If an individual feels that everyone else seems to be wealthier or generally seems to have it better, they will experience relative deprivation. A second key to the idea of relative deprivation is the notion of legitimate expectations. Relative deprivation is not simply the idea that people want what everyone else has. It is the idea that they think they deserve it and have a right to it. Therefore, if they do not get what they...
Words: 4562 - Pages: 19
...John Padilla ADJU 102 Term Paper outline Case Analysis: Tennessee vs Garner 5/02/2017 Tennessee vs Garner A Tennessee statute provides that if, after a police officer has given notice of an intent to arrest a criminal suspect, the suspect flees or forcibly resists, "the officer may use all the necessary means to affect the arrest." (Findlaw.com) In Memphis, Tennessee a cop shot the defendant(Garner)’s son while under the authority of this statute. The officer shot Garner’s son who was fleeing after burglarizing a home and asked to halt. As he refused to stop, he was then shot while attempting to climb over the fence “The father subsequently brought an action in Federal District Court, seeking damages under 42 U.S.C. 1983 for asserted violations...
Words: 1291 - Pages: 6
...a major differentiating point when it comes to comparison between subjects with and without insomnia however personality differences between insomniacs and controls might rather be state-dependent instead of trait-dependent. Treatment of insomnia can be by two major ways namely pharmacotherapy and nonpharmacologic interventions. Herbal treatment as per 82% of Canadians are also very effective when it comes to treating insomnia. Rest and little exertion can also play a vital role when it comes to curing insomnia. Effects Of Insomnia On Quality of Life Insomnia is derived from the Latin word which means “no sleep”. A recent report estimates that 60 to 70 million American suffer from some form of sleep problems and that sleep deprivation costs $150 billion a year higher stress and reduced work place productivity. Insomnia is defined as difficulty initiating, or maintaining sleep at least 3 nights per week, in addition to complaints of sleep related daytime impairment. Sufficient and restful sleep is a human necessity. The average adult needs slightly more...
Words: 5148 - Pages: 21
...There are numerous debates in regards to developmental psychology. One of the main debates to begin with is nature vs nurture; some individuals believe that we are products of our environment while others regards us while others believe that we are products of our genetics. John Locke believes that when we are born we are a “tabula rasa” a blank slate which means that he supports the idea that we are products of our environment and also supports behaviourism. Another debate is continuity v discontinuity, some individuals have created continuity theories and others have created discontinuity theories. Continuity theorists believe that the development of an individual is constantly continuous while discontinuous theorists believe that there are specific periods where individuals develop. For example Freud’s psychosexual stages are a discontinuous theory. There is also an issue of nomothetic vs idiographic; some theorists adopt a nomothetic approach while others adopt an idiographic approach. Individuals that adopt a nomothetic approach create theories based on what we share with others, and find general laws that can be applied to large groups of people, for example behaviourism is a nomothetic approach. On the other hand the idiographic approach goes into large detail for the individual to investigate why we are unique, for example Freud’s theory is an idiographic approach. There are six principle psychological perspectives which are applied to the understanding which includes;...
Words: 7676 - Pages: 31
...Version 3.0 General Certificate of Education January 2013 Sociology 1191 SCLY2 Education with Research Methods; Health with Research Methods Unit 2 Final Mark Scheme Mark schemes are prepared by the Principal Examiner and considered, together with the relevant questions, by a panel of subject teachers. This mark scheme includes any amendments made at the standardisation meeting attended by all examiners and is the scheme which was used by them in this examination. The standardisation meeting ensures that the mark scheme covers the students‟ responses to questions and that every examiner understands and applies it in the same correct way. As preparation for the standardisation meeting each examiner analyses a number of students‟ scripts: alternative answers not already covered by the mark scheme are discussed at the meeting and legislated for. If, after this meeting, examiners encounter unusual answers which have not been discussed at the meeting they are required to refer these to the Principal Examiner. It must be stressed that a mark scheme is a working document, in many cases further developed and expanded on the basis of students‟ reactions to a particular paper. Assumptions about future mark schemes on the basis of one year‟s document should be avoided; whilst the guiding principles of assessment remain constant, details will change, depending on the content of a particular examination paper. Further copies of this Mark Scheme are available to download...
Words: 6483 - Pages: 26
...Analysis of Purchase of Rival Company Analysis of Purchase of Rival Company 08 Fall 08 Fall I. “Good Business” Analysis of Rival Criterion | Rival | Market position | Major competitor | Market growth | Around 1% | Market share | Holding share | Business cycle risk | Average cyclical risk | Flow cash flow generation | Positive cash flow in most years | Return on capital | ROCE above 15% | Market Stability | Stable | * Market position: Three firms (Hamilton Beach/Proctor Silex, Black & Decker/Windmere, and Sunbeam) dominated the kitchen market, capturing approximately 60% market shares. So Rivals is just a one of major competitors in this market. * Market growth: The kitchen product sector totaled $2.3 billion in sales in 1997 and was expected to grow 1% annually. * Market share: Rival didn’t perform well in the recent years is related to the depreciation of Asian currencies following the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997. So after this crisis, their performance would recover and hold the market share. * Business cycle: Sales of Rivals were dominated by The Crock Pot, the best-selling slow cooker in the U.S, which accounted for 24% of the company’s revenue and 47% of its EBIT. Slow cooker and its other products are influenced by the income of its customers. In addition, Rival outsourcing only 30% of its production in Asia, while competitors used Asian manufacturing for a greater share of their production. So as...
Words: 2048 - Pages: 9
...Crime and Punishment: A Dissection of its Various Elements. “The true measure of crimes is the harm done to society” – Cesare Beccaria. Crime as a concept and its origin There is no easy definition for what denotes a crime. Any theory on criminal law has to answer two questions – ‘What acts should be punished?’ and ‘To what extent can it be punished?’ Glanville Williams, admitting the impossibility of a workable content based definition of a crime, points out that the definition of crime is one of the thorny intellectual problems of law. Russell also admitted that ‘to define crime is a task which so far has not been satisfactorily accomplished by any writer’ Personal safety, particularly security of life, liberty and property, is of utmost importance to any individual. Man realized this when he started living in a community. He realized that he had certain rights. Rights are essentially conditions for self-development. At the same time he understood that he was also obligated to behave in the same manner in which he expected his neighbour to behave. This was the crux of the social contract which man entered into with his fellow beings. The social contract allowed men to live together in a community and leave behind the “nasty, short and brutish” life he led hitherto. The social contract paved way for the State to come into force and start making laws for everyone. Naturally, the rational and selfish nature of man would make him look out for his best interests and...
Words: 3376 - Pages: 14
...What Is Binge Eating? Binge eating, also called compulsive overeating, affects approximately 5% of Americans at some point in their lives.2 Prospective research estimates that approximately 2% of men and 3.5% of women will be diagnosed with BED in their lifetimes.3 While experts debate on the exact parameters of a binge, the term generally refers to a discrete period of time during which an individual overeats to the point of being uncomfortably full without hunger or a metabolic need driving eating behavior.2 Accompanying the excessive caloric consumption that occurs during a binge are feelings of loss of control and psychological distress, such as guilt, disgust, embarrassment, or depression.2,4 Binge eating triggers reported in the literature include exposure to physical or psychological stressors, food deprivation or restriction (eg, dieting), patterns of emotional eating, and the restriction or abstinence from, and then reintroduction of, highly palatable foods.2 Unsurprisingly, individuals who binge most often do so on high-fat, high-carbohydrate foods.2 The clinical manifestation of frequent binge-eating behavior results in a diagnosis of BED. While not formally defined as a psychiatric disorder like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, BED is included as a provisional diagnosis in the current edition of the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) under “eating disorders not otherwise specified” (EDNOS)...
Words: 2253 - Pages: 10
...Community Interest Company: a Social Enterprise Organisation Project Report Health Needs Assessment: Stroke in South West and South East London Author: Version: Date: Client: Ref No: Dr John Hayward, Sarah Martin, Dr Michael Soljak Final Version 16.03.09 South West and South East London Cardiac and Stroke Network Boards P132 A Social Enterprise organisation and Community Interest Company Registered office: PO Box 1295, 20 Station Road, Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire, SL9 8EL English Company Number: 06480440 VAT Registration: 926 9466 78 www.phast.org.uk E&OE Final Project Report P132 Health Needs Assessment: Stroke in South West and South East London Public Health Action Support Team (PHAST) The Public Health Action Support Team (PHAST) is a Community Interest Company. This is a type of social enterprise that is committed to using its surpluses and assets for the public good. Social enterprises are social mission driven organisations which trade in goods or services for a social purpose.1 PHAST is based at Imperial College, London. It has over 60 experienced and expert public health professionals whose aim is to improve the health of the population and reduce inequalities. Many have worked at high level in the NHS, the Department of Health or in academia. Quality assurance and due diligence processes are in place to ensure all associates work to the highest standard. PHAST also has associates with economic, ethical and legal expertise. For further details see www.phast...
Words: 29085 - Pages: 117
...Assignment Cover Page ENGLISH COMPOSITION II 2012-12-ENC-102-OL013 Assignment: Module 6 Unit 10 Assignment Due Date: 02-23-2013 A Compulsory Review of Quixotic Gun Control Distributed February 23, 2012 Prepared for Ms. Catherine Peck TESC English Comp Mentor Abstract Few events in life demand your immediate attention like gun violence. These events are always shocking and bring about deep emotions that can take us on quixotic crusades, resulting in ineffective and restrictive regulations. Universal evidence and correlations have long been offered as proof of the mantra that more guns mean more violence and fewer guns, therefore, mean less violence (Godwin 281). While the hearts and souls of the regulatory author are well placed, all too often the resulting debate is rooted in erroneous statistics and unrepresentative comparisons. To illustrate Senator Dianne Feinstein introduced Assault Weapons Ban legislation that would ban any weapon with a grip on the premise they are too easy to get and used too often for bad (Feinstein). The NRA states “the average annual number of background checks for the last five years, 2007-2011, is 25 percent higher than for NICS’ first five complete years, 1999-2003” (NRA). The NRA also states “In 2009 alone some 1,868,268 pistols were imported or exported by U.S. manufacturers, according to Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (BATFE) data (NRA). If the old mantra holds true overall crime should...
Words: 2371 - Pages: 10
...MANAGING HUMAN CAPITAL ASIGNMENT 1 | LECTURER: MERVIN SOOKUN TUTOR: DR. RUMESH KUMAR LECTURER: MERVIN SOOKUN TUTOR: DR. RUMESH KUMAR COURSE: MBA-PART TIME | | | | NAME LIM HUI YEN (JESSICA) STUDENT ID: 0031MWMW0913 SUBMISSION DATE: 26TH OCTOBER 2013 WORD COUNT: NAME LIM HUI YEN (JESSICA) STUDENT ID: 0031MWMW0913 SUBMISSION DATE: 26TH OCTOBER 2013 WORD COUNT: 10/26/2013 10/26/2013 Table of Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 3 I. PA Critique 4 Subjectivity and bias 5 Difficulty in measurement 5 Uncorrelated Costs vs Benefit: 6 Feedback Gone Awry 6 Non-clarity of Purpose 6 The Problem with Hierarchy 7 Pitfalls of Performance Related Pay 7 Non-continuity 8 II. PMS Evolution and Strategic Human Capital Management (SHCM) 8 Move toward Theory Y 9 Clearly Communicated Objectives 9 Designing for Involvement and Participation 11 Understanding Motivation 11 Determining Frequency 12 Importance of Stakeholder Input 13 Training and Implementation 14 Monitoring and follow-up 15 Continuity and Improvement 15 III. Challenges Faced in the Implementation of Integrated PMS 15 Change 16 Globalization & Culture 16 Open Talent Economy 17 Performance-Directed Corporate Culture 18 Leadership 18 Support Structure 19 Organizational Justice 20 Cultivating Commitment and Creativity 22 Conclusion 23 References 24 Bibliography 28 Abstract Many experts are lauding traditional performance...
Words: 6342 - Pages: 26
...SLEEP DISORDERS UNCOVERED, | Sleeping Disorders Uncovered | Jeffery J. Dowling | | Mitchell College | 10/31/2013 | [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] | Sleep could very well be the most important aspect of a healthy life. Not only physical health, but mental, and emotional as well. Without sleep it is hard to manage life day to day. Everyone knows that sleep is the most important thing for a healthy body because sleep is the time to relax. When someone is sleeping they do not have to think about life’s problems. The nature of today’s world hinders the opportunity for good sleep habits. Multiple studies have shown direct relationships between work hours and total sleep time. The more time a person spends working means less time they have to sleep. This proves how today’s world inhibits people of quality sleep (Swanson, et al., 2001.). Sleep is worth its weight in gold times ten. With immense exploration and study of sleep, new statistics and ways of assessing peoples sleeping habits have been fabricated. Sleeping Disorders come in all different shapes and forms. There are many factors that can cause these disorders that some people are born with, and other people get through some environmental factor. The four most prevalent disorders that people have are Insomnia,...
Words: 5157 - Pages: 21
...1 Globalization and Cultural Reassertion in Karnataka “I do not want my house to be walled in on all sides and my windows to be stuffed. I want the cultures of all lands to be blown about my house as freely as possible. But I refuse to be blown off my feet by any.” —Mahatma Gandhi 1. Introduction Globalisation is a generalised term for a complicated series of economic, technological, social, cultural and political changes, seen as the ever- increasing interdependence and integration among people, societies and businesses in different locations. Such international links have existed for many centuries, but, having broadened, intensified, and changed the nature of these links many times; the modern world economy is unlike any previous international economy. Despite being in theory, in existence for centuries, the term ‘globalisation’ was first used in 1944, although its prominent use by economists commenced in the 1980’s. Globalization can be broken down into separate aspects: industrial globalization, financial globalization, political globalization, cultural globalization etc. Globalization is a process of something becoming global. It is facilitated by the media of communications. Through radio and satellite information can reach the whole globe almost instantaneously. Important events, whether social, political or sportive, have global audiences. Another aspect of global communication is the rapidity of movement. People can travel and move goods rapidly anywhere in...
Words: 7131 - Pages: 29
