...rot fungus, Lachnocladium sp. This enzyme was purified by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. Laccase activity was determined using ABTS (2, 2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulphonic acid) substrate. The culture filtrate had maximum laccase activity of 1.62 U/ml after 14 days of incubation. The purified laccase had an optimum temperature of 50 oC and its optimum pH was 6 for ABTS. The activity of this enzyme was enhanced by Fe2+, Cu2+, Zn2+and Ca2+, and was inhibited by EDTA and sodium iodide. Laccase from Lachnocladium sp. had a Km of 0.119 mM and a Vmax of 0.313 U. © 2012 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Lachnocladium sp., anion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, ABTS, DMP. INTRODUCTION Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2, p-diphenol: dioxygen oxidoreductase) belong to the...
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...SAMPLE ANSWER 01 CAM CAM Diploma Marketing and Consumer Behaviour December 2010 Contents Task 1: Marketing Principles Task 2: Communication Task 3: Communication, Advertising and Media Task 4: Consumer Behaviour Task 5: Channel Behaviour Appendices: Background information to THE AGE Appendices to task 2 4 - 14 15 - 20 21 - 31 32 - 43 44 - 47 48 - 54 References 55 - 57 Task 1 Word count 1618 Marketing Planning Planning is an essential task to ensure THE AGE continues to be a market leader. Drummond et al (2005) suggest planning should be systematic and structured, and is required in order to adapt to the changing business environment. The corporate objectives are at the heart of the marketing planning process (Brassington et al, 2000). The marketing plan will contribute to the corporate plan by developing specific functional strategies and tactics to achieve the corporate objectives. Figure 1.1 demonstrates the process. THE AGEs corporate plan is ‘to build on profits from the previous year and continue to be Britain’s number one quality selling newspaper’. From this, the marketing plan could be ‘to increase the number of subscribers’. Marketing planning process diagram A common framework to use in the planning process is the SOSTAC model, see figure 1.2 Marketing planning process • • Situational Analysis – The first stage of the planning process is to look at where the THE AGE is now - Britain’s number one selling quality newspaper with...
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...Vikram Duggal 2009EPGP 040 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 2 4 Executive Summary ................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. Disaster Management-Supply Chain Perspective .................................................... 4 No table of contents entries found. Executive Summary Disaster management deals with avoiding risks. It involves preparing, supporting, and rebuilding society when natural or man-made disasters occur. Disaster management is a continuous process by which all individuals, groups, and communities manage hazards in an effort to avoid or ameliorate its impact. A supply chain, or supply network is a coordinated system of organizations, people, activities, information and resources involved in moving a product or service in physical or virtual manner from supplier to customer. Customers in this case are people facing the crisis. They formed the focus of the entire supply chain development. Over the past few years, the natural disasters floods, hurricanes etc have highlighted the low levels of disaster preparedness and inability of the hospitals and relief organizations to respond effectively. The quick response of relief organizations in the early stages of disaster can lower its impacts afterwards, avoiding severe loss of human lives and physical assets. This necessitates forming Supply Chain Strategy as a major component of Disaster Management Plan (DMP). Only a quick response and operationally effective supply chain can successfully...
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...Transport Planning of Dhaka City: Some Contemporary Observations Adil Mohammed Khan; Assistant Professor; Department of Urban and Regional Planning; Jahangirnagar University; E-mail: adilmdkhan@yahoo.com Dr. Md Akter Mahmud; Professor; Department of Urban and Regional Planning; Jahangirnagar University; E-mail: aktermahmud@yahoo.com Abstract Traffic problem of Dhaka City is one of the major problems of the city that the city dwellers are facing in their everyday life. Despite all the planning programs and projects, designed by the successive governments, the situation is getting worse day by day. Hence, some underlying questions related to traffic and transport system of the Dhaka city are quite important here. Whether transport planning and management were given proper attention in the past years? What were the past planning efforts regarding transport and traffic in Dhaka city? Why these efforts have proved to be unsuccessful for better transport management of Dhaka city and what are the shortcomings of those plans? However, Strategic transport plan (STP) for Dhaka city has been approved in 2005 for an period of twenty years up to 2025. STP has proposed for installation of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) as a solution of transport problems of Dhaka City among ten alternative transportation strategies. This paper is an attempt to evaluate the existing plans and programs designed for efficient transport system of Dhaka city, to examine...
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...Table of Contents 1.0 Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………1 2.0 Introduction/Overview 3.1 Introduction………………………………………………………………........2 3.2 Industry definition……………………………………………………………..3 3.0 Analysing Marketing Opportunities 4.3 Competitors Overview………………………………………………………….5 4.4 Macroenvironment Analysis……………………………………………………5 4.5 Consumer Behavour (DMP)……………………………………………………6 4.0 Selecting Target Market(s) 5.6 Market Segmentation…………………………………………………………...7 5.7 Profile of segment………………………………………………………………8 5.8 Target Market…………………………………………………………………...8 5.9 Proposed Positioning Strategies………………………………………………...9 5.0 Marketing Mix Strategies 6.10 Product………………………………………………………………………….10 6.11 Price……………………………………………………………………………..10 6.12 Place……………………………………………………………………………..10 6.13 Promotion………………………………………………………………………..10 6.0 Conclusion………………………………………………………………………………12 7.0 References…………………………………………………………………………….....13 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The following marketing plan forms the basis for introduction of new product and new brand to Malaysian market. The product is Missha Snail Cream from Missha Cosmetic, A South Korea Cosmetic Company. Missha Snail Cream is a skincare product that is effective in healing, soothing and regenerating the skin. The analysis allows us to select the best strategies for this product. Out main aim is penetrating the Malaysian market and become...
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...Term Paper on Traffic Jam in Bangladesh TERM PAPER ON Traffic Jam in Dhaka City Prepared For Mohd. H.R. Joarder United International University Prepared By MD. Aminul Islam Ariful islam MD. Mesbahuddin Shahanaz Parvin Mou Jeenniifeerr Islam Date of submission Name of Group Members Letter of Transmittal May 5, 2012 Mohd. H.R. Joarder Faculty School of Business Administration United International University Dear Sir, It is a great pleasure for us to submit our Term papers on “Traffic Jam in Dhaka city”. It is a great opportunity for us to implement the knowledge that we have learned in our academic career to work a Term papers on “Traffic Jam in Dhaka city”. We try our level best to make this Term papers to the required standard. We hope that this report will fulfill your expectation. We therefore, hope that you would be kind enough to go through this report for evaluation Sincerely yours ------------------------- --------------------- -------------------- MD. Aminul Islam Ariful Islam Shahanaz Parvin Mou ----------------- ------------------- Jennifer Islam MD. Mesbah...
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...UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Master‟s Degree Programme in Science and Bioengineering Vasilenko Maria: Feasibility of using biosensors for heavy metal detection in complex matrices such as bio-slurries. Seminar paper, 97 pages November 2012 Major: Biotechnology Examiners: Matti Karp, Raghida Lepisto Keywords: environmental pollution, heavy metals, biosensors, slurries The quality of bioslurries that are used in industrial production and agriculture need to be watched very closely to avoid spreading of contaminants on area and poisoning of humans and animals. Because heavy metals are very stable and toxic in many chemical compositions, their amount should be estimated very thoroughly. A new approach that involved biosensors was tested in this study. Because the slurries are complex non-unified matrices which composed of two phases – solid and liquid, the cell behavior can varies a lot from the one that explained in water and so the estimation of ion concentration can be not reliable. It was shown that the cell actually behave different in the slurries. Normally the dissolved compounds suppress the biosensor activity and, in the same time, the ions in the particles can released during the tests and interfere with the signal. So the concentration and the pretreatment of the samples should be chosen for every particular biosensor. Additionally, there was an attempt to measure the heavy metal amount and to compare it with the results that were obtained on AAS. The data declares that the...
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...The Domestic Bond Market and the Development of the Nigerian Capital Market: An Empirical Analysis Abstract The fixed income security (bond) market is an important segment of the capital market in market economies. Its importance lies in the fact that it provides short term investment opportunity for the private investors and long term financing for firms at low cost. Governments use it as a low cost financing instrument for deficit budgets. The domestic bond market is a source of huge liquidity in the financial market which eventually expands the size of the domestic capital market. Theory has it that, a combination of domestic and foreign participation in the domestic debt market generates liquidity, and lowers the national yield curve. This paper examines these theoretical assertions and relations as it applies to the Nigerian capital market. Using data from the Central Bank of Nigeria, we use the methodology of applied financial econometrics to analyse the various relationships. Keywords: Domestic bond market, bond market liquidity, capital market size, national yield curve, Nigeria Eurobond, capital market, foreign participation. Introduction This paper essentially examines how the growth of domestic bond market and foreign participation in the same market function to impact the development and growth of the Nigeria capital market and enhance financial stability. Peiris (2010) noted, “A vibrant and deep local...
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...Consumer Behaviour Report for: VERTU “Life. Beautifully Arranged” 08 Fall Table of Content: 1. Summary 2. Research 3. Target DMP 3.1 Situation & influences 3.2 Information Search 3.3 Evaluation & Post-purchase 4. Factors Influencing Consumer Behaviour 4.1 Store image & Service scape 4.2. Values & Behaviour 4.3 Values impact on choice & decision-making 4.4. Social class & lifestyle 4.5. Self-image & Culture 5. Conclusion 6. Recommendations 1.Brief Summary: Vertu is a subsidiary to Nokia and its most profitable unit (Sanderson, 2006). Vertu is taking a unique approach to that of the technology-obsessed mobile-telephone industry. Its concept is based on craftsmanship (i.e. uniquely customized handsets), style and service- in the same vein as luxury watch and jewellery manufacturers. Vertu Signature mobile phone is encased in metals from stainless steel to platinum and decorated with sapphires (vertu.com). The design reflects poise and stature. Hence, Vertu performs highly on the symbolic (i.e. expressive) level and giving the perception of being more a piece of art, rather than just a high technological (i.e. instrumental) mobile phone (Sanderson, 2002). Added values such as 24 hrs concierge service which can organise restaurant, travel and hotel bookings are included in the purchase. Its flagship store opened in Paris 2002, and now exists in over 70 countries worldwide. It also has a well-developed online...
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...HARVARD CASES Case 14 WESCO Distribution, Inc. Synopsis In June 1997, Jim Piraino, VP of marketing for WESCO Distribution, Inc., is preparing for a yearly review meeting with WESCO CEO Roy Haley. Haley wants the firm to reach annual growth goals of 6% to 8% in revenues and 12% to 16% in profitability over the next five years. The centerpiece of this growth strategy is the National Accounts program, which WESCO has developed to serve its major industrial customers in response to recent changes they have made to their business processes. However, as of June 1997, the NA program has not delivered the expected increases in sales and profitability. Jim Piraino has to give Haley his recommendations for the future of the NA program, in particular, whether WESCO should continue to pursue NA business with the intensity it has in the past, or whether to assume a more reactive stance and offer the NA program only when it is requested by current customers. As well, he must account for how WESCO will achieve the desired increases in profitability and overall revenues when its current program already seems to be encountering difficulties in generating the desired numbers. Use Although the "customer" is at the heart of marketing strategy, "effective customer management" is still not a very well understood concept in industrial marketing practice. This case can be used to explore the difficulties encountered in developing and implementing new ways...
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...A Five-Year Study of File-System Metadata Nitin Agrawal University of Wisconsin, Madison nitina@cs.wisc.edu William J. Bolosky, John R. Douceur, Jacob R. Lorch Microsoft Research {bolosky,johndo,lorch}@microsoft.com Abstract For five years, we collected annual snapshots of filesystem metadata from over 60,000 Windows PC file systems in a large corporation. In this paper, we use these snapshots to study temporal changes in file size, file age, file-type frequency, directory size, namespace structure, file-system population, storage capacity and consumption, and degree of file modification. We present a generative model that explains the namespace structure and the distribution of directory sizes. We find significant temporal trends relating to the popularity of certain file types, the origin of file content, the way the namespace is used, and the degree of variation among file systems, as well as more pedestrian changes in sizes and capacities. We give examples of consequent lessons for designers of file systems and related software. characteristics of file systems, including file and directory population, storage capacity, storage consumption, and degree of file modification. The contributions of this work are threefold. First, we contribute the collected data set, which we will sanitize and make available for general use later this year. This is the largest set of file-system metadata ever collected, and it spans the longest time period of any sizeable metadata collection. To obtain this...
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...Executive Summary The Gold Coast is indisputably Australia's most popular holiday destination and offers many different types of beachfront accommodation, award-winning dining, shopping and thrilling attractions. This marketing report aimed to devise a marketing strategy for this location. It began by scanning the macro environment and found that the location is politically stable, although currently the entire world is being severely affected by the economic recession. This has therefore meant that non-essential spending is down, which will have a negative economic impact. Conversely, new technologies such as efficient aircraft are allowing for more visitors to the region. A current concern is that of global warming, being a beach front city, this will affect the climate and cause beach erosion. The Gold Coast and Queensland are famous for the Sun and Surf as well as a very active party and bar scene, and some world famous events. The existing marketing plan has made good use of these factors, although the report has shown that it may be further refined. A brand-new aspect of the Gold Coast promotion has been introduced in the form of a new logo which consists of a rainbow theme. It has been designed to appeal to several markets such as self discoverers, active explorers, and stylish travellers, un-winders, social fun-seekers and connectors which are further outlined in the target market section. In order to promote the destination effectively, this report...
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...HARVARD CASES Case 14 WESCO Distribution, Inc. Synopsis In June 1997, Jim Piraino, VP of marketing for WESCO Distribution, Inc., is preparing for a yearly review meeting with WESCO CEO Roy Haley. Haley wants the firm to reach annual growth goals of 6% to 8% in revenues and 12% to 16% in profitability over the next five years. The centerpiece of this growth strategy is the National Accounts program, which WESCO has developed to serve its major industrial customers in response to recent changes they have made to their business processes. However, as of June 1997, the NA program has not delivered the expected increases in sales and profitability. Jim Piraino has to give Haley his recommendations for the future of the NA program, in particular, whether WESCO should continue to pursue NA business with the intensity it has in the past, or whether to assume a more reactive stance and offer the NA program only when it is requested by current customers. As well, he must account for how WESCO will achieve the desired increases in profitability and overall revenues when its current program already seems to be encountering difficulties in generating the desired numbers. Use Although the "customer" is at the heart of marketing strategy, "effective customer management" is still not a very well understood concept in industrial marketing practice. This case can be used to explore the difficulties encountered in developing and implementing new ways...
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...WHO DRUG INFORMATION V O L U M E 10 N U M B E R 4 19 9 6 P R O P O S E D INN LIST 76 INTERNATIONAL NONPROPRIETARY NAMES FOR P H A R M A C E U T I C A L S U B S T A N C E S WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION • GENEVA Volume 10, Number 4, 1996 World Health Organization, Geneva WHO Drug Information Contents General Policy Topics Meeting the challenge of biotechnology 175 Regulatory Matters Acellular pertussis vaccine for infants Breath test for Helicobacter pylori Restrictions on use of anorectics Coumarin: regulatory action Laxatives: reclassification of common ingredients Is melatonin a prescription drug? NSAIDS, antimicrobials and angioedema Drug-induced liver disease Fluoxetine and hepatitis Hepatitis B vaccine and musculoskeletal reactions Pyrithyldione-diphenhydramine and agranulocytosis Roxithromycin associated with cardiac arrhythmias 187 187 187 188 189 189 189 189 190 190 190 190 Reports on Individual Drugs Confirmation of increased chloroquine resistance in South Africa Which malaria drug for children? Post-malaria neurological syndrome and mefloquine Driving ability in cancer patients treated with morphine Hormone replacement therapy and venous thromboembolism 177 177 177 178 179 Safety Issues Documentation requirements for approval: safety Drug safety monitoring centres 180 181 Recent Publications WHO Expert Committee on Specifications for Pharmaceutical Preparations: Thirty-fourth report International Nonproprietary...
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...THE EC-PHILIPPINES STRATEGY PAPER 2007-2013 i TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................................... iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................... 7 1. COUNTRY ANALYSIS ............................................................................................ 9 1.1. Analysis of the political situation...................................................................... 9 1.2. Analysis of the economic situation.................................................................. 11 1.3. Trade structure ................................................................................................ 13 1.4. Analysis of social developments...................................................................... 14 1.5. Analysis of the environmental situation......................................................... 16 2. THE PHILIPPINES’ POLICY AGENDA ............................................................ 17 2.1. The Medium Term Philippine Development Plan ........................................ 17 2.2. Assessing the reform process .......................................................................... 17 2.3. Cross-cutting issues: human rights, gender, governance ............................. 19 3. OVERVIEW OF PAST AND ONGOING EC COOPERATION, COORDINATION AND COHERENCE ........................................
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