...deployed soldiers, and has been doing so since the year 1919. I. Animal-Assisted Therapy A. Definition 1. Differences 2. The Heart B. In the Beginning 1. Thru the years 2. Documentation II. Deployment A. War Zone 1. SFC Boe and Budge 2. Trauma and Reassignment B. Lessons 1. Policy 2. Health III. Walter Reed National Military Medical Center A. Programs 1. Dog Tags 2. Warrior Transition B. Nonprofit 1. Qualifications 2. Benefits Abstract Information for this research paper was obtained by reading articles written for the U.S. Army Medical Department Journal, April-June, 2012. These articles were written about the use of canines by the military for Animal-assisted Therapy in the military. All articles are written either by men and women currently serving in the military or civilians working with the programs the military uses. The canines are used in a variety of settings from being used in a hospital setting to being used in the middle of a war zone. Animal-assisted Therapy is taken very seriously by the military and used on a daily basis to help...
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...1.Search Strategies are important in narrowing down your field, and to determine that you get the correct search parameters that you are looking for. There are numerous strategies that can be used to research literature online using the PsycINFO database. The best way to start a search is to determine the specific research questions in order to guide the search, using key terms and parameters. It is also important to determine all synonyms, alternate terminology and any word variations to narrow your search. The use of Boolear Operations such as the words; “and”, “or” will change the search results. Using the word “and” between each search term will give results that contain all the search terms, where using the word “or” between search terms will give results that contain at least one of the search terms. Focusing your search using limiters such as the document type, methodology, publication type and year are helpful search strategies to use in conjunction with the afore mentioned strategies. Using a variety of search strategies is important to limit your search to make it as efficient and effective as possible. When I first started the basic search I used the words pet ownership, beneficial, and health. The search options I used were to find any of my search terms, publication year 2005-2015, and English. This search generated 572 116 results. There were too many results to determine the relevance of these search results. I then used a basic search again using all the...
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...Angelica Carlos English 4 19 March 2012 Benefits of Animal Assisted Therapy Throughout human history, “animals have occupied a central position in theories concerning the ontology and treatment of sickness and disease” (Serpell 16). Animals have played a major role in the lives of humans in ways that have affected our entire being and survival. Countless amounts of people, animals, and time have been put into bringing AAT all over the world; as a result, five other countries have adopted this form of therapy. The volunteers and workers of Animal Assisted Therapy have pushed to bring an exciting new therapy to children and adults all around. Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is a familiar method of treatment and rehabilitation in many diseases and conditions, where the animal becomes an important “behavioral facilitator”, causing improvements in the behavior and health of the patient. “Numerous authors and medical professionals point to its importance and in particular that the positive feedback between the patient, the animal, and the therapist reduces many symptoms, and improves the quality of life” (Yeh 2005). The history of Animal Assisted Therapy can be traced back to the 9th Century. It is a goal-oriented intervention in which an animal that meets the criteria becomes an integral part of the treatment process for patients. The benefits of Animal Assisted Therapy far outweigh the risks, and should be used and recognized as an effective form of therapy...
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...Effect of Animal Assisted Therapy in Therapeutic Environments Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) has been a form of therapy used since the late sixteenth century. A considerable amount of research has been invested in the study and analysis of AAT because it has yielded significant health benefits. AAT is primarily used along with traditional therapies to treat the deficits that are common to many physical and emotional disabilities. Some include physical delays of Cerebral Palsy (CP), cognitive and language delays in those with Language Learning Disabilities (LLD), and emotional instability in those with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). While currently many forms of traditional therapies are available, the effectiveness of using animals in therapy...
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...improvements of symptoms through the use of canine therapy. Canine therapy is a type of therapy that uses certified therapy dogs...
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...grown and have moved in with their families or spouses who have passed away. (Beck &Meyers, 1996) * Provide opportunities to increase human-to-human social interaction * Interactions with pets enables them to live alone without being lonely B.) The elderly would be able to bond with the pet since it produces a “stress-reducing effect”. (Beck &Meyers, 1996) * Opportunities for fun and relaxation with the pet * Being able to talk to the pets to vent out their feelings or expressions C.) Studies show that those who experience bonding with their pets facilitate communication and interaction. (Condit, 2010) * Aids in the elderly achieving a positive attitude while conversing with people * Animals including dogs, cats, birds encourage social and verbal interaction 2.) Pet therapy provides emotional and physiological stability.(Condit, 2010) A.) Studies state that pet therapy enhances emotional well-being (Walsh, 2009) * Improves morale and decreases aggressive behavior * The elderly may attain attitudes and behaviors unattainable from human interaction B.) The human-companion animal bond is significant (Beck &Meyers, 1996) * Associated with connectedness between the human and animal * A holistic view as to how the bond increases the well-being of...
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...MDMA Influence and Clinical Implications Northern Illinois University Sassalee Tate and Arlilian Tisden Abstract: The purpose of this research is to identify causing factors of Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) addictions. MDMA has a target population of young adults, more specifically college students. The drug has been used to distort perception and create a euphoric sensation among users. MDMA was not created for recreational usage, but to treat Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD). Through MDMA’s growing popularity referenced in social media as “Molly” the clinical intention has been depleted. Introduction Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) has been highly influential on society throughout the course of time. The drug has served multiple purposes such as a psychotherapeutic treatment and recreational usage. MDMA provides a euphoric experience for participants, heightening their emotional status at the time of ingestion. MDMA has become extremely potent and easily accessible to youth and young adults. This once military based substance has become a mainstream party drug. Many refer to MDMA as “Molly” or “Ecstasy”. The drug appears as a powdered substance withheld in a capsule or tablet. Most individuals administer the drug orally. Due to popularity in social media, MDMA’s use among young adults has increased. History MDMA was first introduced and produced by Merck in 1912, a manufacturer and pharmaceutical corporation (Bouso, Doblin, Farré, Alcázar &...
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...The overall intention of this project was to explore the available research into how canine therapy can be widely utilised in different contexts such as counselling situations, working with individuals with autism and how dogs are utilised as co- therapist. The literature is inundated with accounts reporting successes with Animal Assisted Therapy (AAT) and the number of professionals, programs and organisations that have embraced AAT continues to rise. Chapter One offers an explanation of Canine therapy and who it is used for and the theoretical perspectives that underpin the use of canine therapy. Chapter Two will be exploring the Benefits of Using Canines as Companion Animals for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Chapter Three will...
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...learned tenacity while staring down the barrel of a Nicaraguan-rebels pistol, or as a Haitian ruler after over-throwing a rebel stronghold, but the most meaningful experience were he gained wisdom and humility, was during his time as the Commanding General of Camp Pontanezen in France during WWI, were he raised the motivation of troops and assisted to sanitized a once flu epidemic sweeped base. Though these accomplishments aided him in achieving a prestige reputation with American citizens, these hardships and tribulations endured by him only helped him come to the realization that after 33 years of active duty service, he spent most of his time as a high class muscle man for big businesses. But as a civilian patriot, he would make things right during prohibition as the Director of Public Safety and about being outspoken about an existence of a political conspiracy. Despite his fortunate up-bringing and prominent family ancestry, he decided to enlist as an officer in the United States Marine Corps at the young age of seventeen after the, “USS Maine blew up in Havana Harbor in February 1898 and war fever swept through the country,” (Devil Dog, pg.20). Once completing training and becoming a second lieutenant, he was shipped off to fight the war in Cuba, but arrived too late to see much action because he would be destined to prevail in China. There, he would prove to be a natural born...
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...Natural Vs Artificial Selection in dogs that has been altered to suit a person’s need Introduction Dogs exist in both wild and domestic set-up whereby they vary in shape and size. This means that there are different breeds of dogs resulting from artificial and natural selection. Each existing species was created separately but they can be modified by the environment. However, these changes are limited hence cannot produce a new species. Artificial selection is whereby a species of a particular plant or animal is modifies by breeders into a distinct breed with unique physical attributes. The offspring obtained from each breeding process may exhibit minimal differences that only a breeder can identify. The aim of this breeding process is to breed an offspring with desired physical attributes, which is then allowed to breed further. An offspring with undesired physical attributes is not allowed to breed. The breeding process is repeated until the small differences observed increase gradually. This represents the process of artificial selection (Venemma). Natural selection represents a similar process that occurs in nature. In a natural setup, organisms normally vary hence reproduce at a specific geometric rate. Survival of these organisms depends on adaptation to the natural environment (Pollan 23). This creates a division whereby organisms that are environmentally suited will reproduce and those not suited will die. This is a resemblance of artificial selection, but this natural...
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...Name: Institution: Date: 1. Horatio Greenough was the first American sculptor who had the passion of art who made the sculpture ‘Rescue’. The Rescue is a sculpture that was erected at the right of the Capitol steps. It signified the struggle for supremacy and achievement of culture, civilization and Christianity between the Indian and white man. The sculpture was brought down some time later to create room for the extension of the building. The rescue sculpture was removed in 1958, and it was never seen again. At a later time, the sculpture was crashed down by a tractor when being transported and the only piece that remained was the dog which is used for study purposes. The statue was rated as the most embarrassing statue hence it brought about controversies, it discouraged greenough’s interest in art. 2 (b). The 19 federally recognized native American tribes in southern California are; the Barona band of mission Indians, campo kumeyaay nation, inaja-cosmit band of Indians, jamul Indian, la jolla of luiseno Indians, la posta band of mission Indians, los coyotes, Manzanita band, pala band of cupeno Indians, pauma band of mission Indians, Mesa Grande band, Viejas band, Sycuan band, Santa Isabel band, san Pasqual band, Rincon band, Pala band, mesa Grande band The Chemehuevi Tribe is one of the Native American tribe in the southern California which is federally recognized. The Chemehuevi is an Indian majored term that means ‘those who play with fish’’. In the mid 18th century...
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...Midterm Study Guide Midterm: March 6th • • • Make sure to bring a pen to class. The midterm will have 15 multiple-choice questions, and 2 short-answer questions. Make sure to read the whole question before answering. The short-answer questions have multiple parts. Make sure to fully answer every part of the question. The Midterm covers all the material discussed in class so far. What you need to know: Logic • • • You should know what the following are: proposition, argument, premise, conclusion, circular argument, conditional statement, antecedent, consequent. You should be able to give precise definitions of validity and soundness, and be able to evaluate whether an argument is valid or sound. You should be able to recognize the following forms of an argument, and know whether they are valid: Affirming the Antecedent (Modus Ponens), Denying the Consequent (Modus Tollens), Denying the Antecedent, and Affirming the Consequent. Ethics • • • • • • • You should know what the following words mean: ethics, right, wrong, permissible, obligatory, impermissible. You should know the difference between ethics and axiology, and the difference between ethics and law. You should understand: Ethical Relativism, Personal Relativism, and Cultural Relativism. o You should understand the objections to these views that we discussed in class. o You should understand and be able to assess the Cultural Differences Argument and the Provability...
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...The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris)[2][3] is a subspecies of the gray wolf (Canis lupus), a member of the Canidae family of the mammalian order Carnivora. The term "domestic dog" is generally used for both domesticated and feral varieties. The dog was the first domesticated animal[4] and has been the most widely kept working, hunting, and pet animal in human history. The word "dog" can also refer to the male of a canine species,[5] as opposed to the word "bitch" which refers to the female of the species. MtDNA evidence shows an evolutionary split between the modern dog's lineage and the modern wolf's lineage around 100,000 years ago but, as of 2013, the oldest fossil specimens genetically linked to the modern dog's lineage date to approximately 33,000–36,000 years ago.[4][6] Dogs' value to early human hunter-gatherers led to them quickly becoming ubiquitous across world cultures. Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship, and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This impact on human society has given them the nickname "man's best friend" in the Western world. In some cultures, however, dogs are also a source of meat.[7][8] In 2001, there were estimated to be 400 million dogs in the world.[9] Most breeds of dogs are at most a few hundred years old, having been artificially selected for particular morphologies and behaviors by people for specific functional roles. Through...
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...present days, many people still believe in animal’s supernatural power and think that to have a pet in the house will help them to keep evil spirits away and keep households safe. Of course, animals have no supernatural power but for example to have a dog in the house is truly good for protection like burglary or a cat can keep rodents away. Unfortunately, people do not think of a pet more than protectors or somebody to have around the house. It is not so ordinary to have a pet these days and people used to them so much that they do not think about how many health relating benefits pets bring to a household. Back in 18th century, Dr. William Tuke in his mental institution, that located in York, England, conducted an experiment that used animals in therapy (Perelle & Granville, 1993). His idea was to help patients to control themselves by having a dependable creature (Perelle & Granville, 1993). He was the first person to record such an experiment (Perelle & Granville, 1993). After Dr. Tuke’s success in animal- therapy, many other facilities from different countries begun to use the same method with positive results (Perelle & Granville, 1993). In 1969 Dr. Boris Levinson also noticed the positive effect of his dog on children therapy sessions (Kruger & Serpell, 2006). Dr. Levinson organized studies to show how beneficial animals are and insisted to continue studies in this field (Kruger & Serpell, 2006). He was the first who used term “pet-therapy” (Kruger...
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...The YouTube Effect How a technology for teenagers became a force for political and economic change. BY MOISÉS NAÍM | DECEMBER 27, 2006 A video shows a single line of people slowly trudging up a snow-covered footpath. A shot is heard; the first person in line falls. A voice-over says, "They are shooting them like dogs." Another shot, and another body drops to the ground. A uniformed Chinese soldier fires his rifle again. Then, a group of soldiers examines the fallen bodies. These images were captured high in the Himalayas by a member of a mountaineering expedition who claims to have stumbled upon the killing. The video first aired on Romanian television, but it only gained worldwide attention when it was posted on YouTube, the popular video-sharing Web site. Human rights groups explained that the slain were a group of Tibetan refugees that included monks, women, and children. According to the Chinese government, the soldiers had fired in self-defense after they were attacked by 70 refugees. The posted video seems to render that explanation absurd. The U.S. ambassador to China quickly lodged a complaint protesting China’s treatment of the refugees. Welcome to the YouTube effect. It is the phenomenon whereby video clips, often produced by individuals acting on their own, are rapidly disseminated throughout the world thanks to video-sharing Web sites such as YouTube, Google Video, and others. Every month, YouTube receives 20 million visitors, who watch 100 million video clips...
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