...Addiction Rehabilitation The use of drugs can impair a person’s judgement, causing the person to par take in criminal behaviors. Also the use of drugs may lead a person to steal money or property to be able to support their drug habit. More often than not they will commit crimes while under the influence of drugs and many drug users are sent to jail or prison. Yet if these offenders would have to attend some type of addiction consoling while incarcerated and have to continue after their release date as a stipulation of their probation they may never go back down that same path again. Drug-related crimes are often committed to obtain money or goods to sell to get money to support drug use. According to BJS national surveys, the most comprehensive information available, an estimated 17% of 1991 State prison inmates and 13% of convicted jail inmates in 1989...
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...Research Questions Questions from Drug addicts: 1) How often did you fail to meet responsibilities (educational, professional or social) because you were too busy trying to get the substance or were under its influence? 2) How often did you try but fail to stop using it? 3) Did you try to stop using it then felt withdrawal symptoms? 4) How often did you need to use more of it than you had previously to feel its effects? Questions from Psychologist: 1) What kind of treatments do you use and how do they work 2) How do you judge if the patient is getting better? What do you do if there are no signs of progress? 3) How will family members be prepared when the patient returns home? 4) How do you treat anxiety, mood disorders and other psychological problems? Family and friends 1) What was your first reaction when you found out about your son taking drugs? 2) How have you cooperated to help him recover? (Make up answers for these questions and include them in the analysis. Use the 4 articles of the literature review to write the analysis and answers) Research Tools: Field Research: We approached various people in different settings to determine the factors that prevail in society which may be encouraging drug addicts and preventing them from recovering. We visited schools and universities and observed the scenarios there. Usually it was seen that since universities had lenient control on students and did not monitor their students as strictly as they...
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...Drug Addiction Crime or Disease? Interim and Final Reports of the Joint Committee of the American Bar Association and the American Medical Association on Narcotic Drugs. INTERIM REPORT For the last half-century public authorities in the United States have been wrestling with the problem of controlling addiction to narcotic drugs. Since the twenties, legislation and enforcement policies have aimed at total repression, with criminal sanctions of notable severity attaching to every transaction connected with the non-medical use of drugs. Drug-law enforcement has become a major police activity of federal, state and local governments; the threat of long imprisonment, even of death penalties, hangs over not only the smuggler and the peddler, but the addict-victim of the illicit traffic. Addiction to narcotic substances has been recognized as a health problem for a long time and in many different countries. It has also in our times and in our national community, emerged as a criminal law problem of distressing magnitude and persistency. The fields of medicine and law are thus equally affected, and the Joint Committee which offers this report has undertaken its assignment with enthusiasm at the prospect of uniting its parent organizations in a common effort centered in an area where the concerns of each overlap and largely coincide. If the Joint Committee can contribute something towards mutual enlightenment and ultimate agreement between the medical and legal professions regarding...
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...RESEARCH ON THE TRENDS IN DRUG ABUSE AND EFFECTIVE MEASURES FOR THE TREATMENT OF THE DRUG ABUSERS IN ASIAN COUNTRIES AN ANALYSIS OF INNOVATIVE MEASURES FOR THE TREATMENT OF DRUG ABUSERS PREFACE Crimes related to drug abuse and the illegal manufacturing and trafficking of drugs are serious problems for virtually every country. The abuse of drugs has an adverse impact, not only on the individual abuser, but also on the economy and society of a country as a whole. Drug use and the problems that accompany it have an extremely deleterious effect on the healthy development of young people, especially. Due to the rapid increase in drug related crime and drug abusers in Asian countries, the establishment of effective countermeasures for demand and supply reduction are a pressing issue. In light of the above-mentioned situation, the United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders (UNAFEI); and the Research Division of the Research and Training Institute, Ministry of Justice jointly conducted a comprehensive study on drug abuser treatment, from 2002 to 2004, entitled “Research on the Trends in Drug Abuse and Effective Measures for the Treatment of the Drug Abusers in Asian Countries - An Analysis of Innovative Measures for the Treatment of Drug Abusers”. The Asian countries included in the study are: China (Hong Kong), Korea, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. This is the first phase of the study on drug abuser treatment; the second...
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...Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) strategies, including Discrete Trial Training (DTT), Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), and Treatment and Education of Autistic and Communication Handicapped Children (TEACCH), or other researched based methodologies; trains and supervises other staff; provides directed learning experiences; attends to the physical, emotional and therapeutic needs of the students; and maintains suitable learning environment; and performs clerical duties. Skills needed for the job, taken from both the job description and your own analysis of the job (Note: Be sure to list at least 5 skills, three of which are specific skills in the human services field): 1. Consults, co-teaches, and collaborates with teachers, speech/language pathologists 2. Writes and assists with the development of IEPs for students with autism spectrum disorder 3. Initiates, and conducts training activities for parents. 4. Participates in and develops local, regional, and statewide trainings 5. Assists in identification and evaluation of students of students suspected in having autism disorder. Explain why each of the skills listed are necessary for success in the position: In order to be proficient in this position it is important to have many different skills in different areas. Being able to communicate with your peers and develop strategies to assist with treating students with proper tools and training. Job 2 Job Title: Addictions Counselor Job...
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...The Disease Model According to the disease model of addiction, addiction is a brain disease. Marked changes in brain structure and function that, over time, lead to involuntary use or compulsive behavior are the key characteristics of the disease (Leshner, 2001). The behavioral expressions of addiction are uncontrollable, and in that aspect, similar to that of other brain diseases. For example, just as schizophrenics cannot voluntarily control their hallucinations and delusions or Parkinson’s patients cannot control their trembling, an addict cannot control the urge to use (Leshner, 2001). Once an individual has the disease, it is irreversible. It is an incurable, chronic illness. Proponents of this model purport treating the addict just as one would treat an individual with any other brain disease or chronic illness (McLellan, Lewis, O’Brien & Klecher, 2000). As with other diseases, a holistic treatment approach, combining medication therapy, behavioral therapy and any needed social services and rehabilitation is considered the best treatment approach (Leshner, 2001). Research would seem to support the position that chronic substance use produces long-lasting changes in the brain (Volkow, Chang, Gene-Jack, Fowler et al., 2001) that are responsible for the impaired cognitive functioning, including the compulsive urge to use, that is characteristic of addictive behavior (Leshner, 2001). The comparative analysis conducted by McLellan and others (2000) also suggests similar kinds...
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...The subject of recidivism in the Criminal Justice System has been long studied. It has also been argued over as to the extent of its effectiveness. Recidivism is defined as the repeating of a negative action after experiencing negative consequences from that action or receiving treatment for that action. In regards to the criminal justice system, recidivism occurs when one is rearrested after serving a sentence. With this in mind, recidivism is only discovered when an arrest and or conviction has occurred. Therefore the true number of recidivism cases only covers reported cases. The question develops of just how does incarcerating criminals affect the rates of recidivism? As of mid 2008 there was approximately a population of 2,310,984 held in federal or state prisons or jails in the United States. Of these 1,540,805 were serving out sentences under federal or state jurisdiction. There was an increase of 509 from 506 sentenced prisoners per 100,000 United States residents from yearend 2007. This was an overall increase of 0.8% from the previous yearend. This was however less than the average increase of 2.4% annually for the years 2000 to 2007. (1) These numbers show the growth of the United States inmate population which leads to problems with overcrowding. Within the next year the Federal Bureau of Prisons will open three federal correctional institutions which can hold an approximate 10,500 federal inmates at maximum capacity. (2) According to a national study in 2003 showed...
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...In the firehouse, the tones sound for an emergency call, someone has overdosed and needs emergency medical care. Firefighters arrive on the scene to find an unconscious, unresponsive patient lying on the floor of the bathroom from a heroin overdose, while family members watch in terror. This scenario plays out across the United States hundreds if not thousands of times each day. When this scenario plays out, every firefighter knows they have just minutes to respond, which can be the difference between life or death. For this case study, in the last twelve months, 57 people in Anytown, USA, a city of 250,000 residents, have lost their lives due to drug addiction. The problem is an opiate, and heroin overdoses are killing people in this city at the rate of just over one person a week with no end in sight. What can be done to fix this growing problem and who should fix it? The problem is vast and multifaceted and will require a Taskforce comprised of Federal, State, local, and private partners and stakeholders to address this complicated issue. The Anytown Fire Department(AFD) is comprised of approximately 400 firefighters and supervisors that currently respond to urgent medical emergencies as first responders only. A private ambulance company provides pre-hospital treatments and transports to the local hospital. Due to the age of the...
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...revenue offset provision, and administrative simplification requirements (Physicians Billing Associates International, 2006). The article that I had read was about a woman who was a nurse and started to use the narcotic from the patient and it was also between an individual’s right to privacy. It shows the process of which the administrator determines a course of action is reviewed but his context of workplace realities through an ethical analysis. This article was about a woman named Jackie that was a nurse and she was overwhelmed with her job. She tried talking to her husband but was convinced to continue working because who pay check was making their saving grow extremely large. To make her husband happy she continues to work as a nurse. She was working in different units that she started to use the narcotic that were prescribing to the patient that she was caring for. She started to take the patient pain medications that weren’t asking for their medications. Then Jackie started to replace the medications with the saline. Jackie had an addiction to pain medication. The administrative Michelle found out because Jackie was working in the surgical unit and the pharmacist had notice there was errors on the medication log sheet. Michelle had requested for the entire narcotic log sheet and the names of...
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...What causes addiction, and what is the best approach to counteract it? One contemporary view on the main causes of addiction is positive reinforcement. While there are many factors that contribute to both chemical and physical addiction, including psychosis, a disruptive childhood, or cognitive impairment, positive reinforcement is the major underlying characteristic that envelops an individual’s substance addiction (Osher, 1989). Though the reasons for compulsive drug self-administration varies widely, most, if not all users of drugs do so to avoid negative feelings including anxiety, depression, angst and fear (Goldsmith, Holzer & Manderscheid, 1998). Positive reinforcement is a concept first described by psychologist B. F. Skinner in his theory of operant conditioning. Skinner introduced reinforcement to the law of effect (Thorndike, 1905) in psychology, stating that behaviour that is reinforced is likely to be repeated and strengthened, while behaviour that is not reinforced will likely be extinguished (McLeod, 2007). Positive reinforcement refers to the rewarding and confident emotions that drug users experience when self-administering drugs or other substances. This theory highlights that the common denominator of a wide range of addictive substances is their ability to cause psychomotor activation (Wise & Bozarth, 1987). This view is related to the belief that all positive reinforcers activate a common biological mechanism, with one of the most common components...
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...provision, group health plan requirements, revenue offset provision, and administrative simplification requirements (Physicians Billing Associates International, 2006). The article that I had read was about a woman who was a nurse and started to use the narcotic from the patient. It shows the process in which an administrator determines the course of action that will be taken. Also the context of workplace realities through an ethical analysis. This article was about a woman named Jackie that was a nurse and she was overwhelmed with her job. She tried talking to her husband but was convinced to continue working because who pay check was making their saving grow extremely large. To make her husband happy she continues to work as a nurse. She was working in different units that she started to use the narcotic that were prescribing to the patient that she was caring for. She started to take the patient pain medications that weren’t asking for their medications. Then Jackie started to replace the medications with the saline. Jackie had an addiction to pain medication. The administrative Michelle found out because Jackie was working in the surgical unit and the pharmacist had notice there was errors on the medication log sheet. Michelle had requested for the entire narcotic log sheet and the names of the nurses that were working on those days. Michelle had to inform Karen who was another administrative and explain to her...
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...Effective Method to Treat Opioid Addiction Jason Yarborough SOC 490 Dr. C. T. Rowley September 16, 2012 A Combined Approach: Seeking an Effective Method to Treat Opioid Addiction Background Addiction treatment approaches can take many forms. From Alcoholics Anonymous meetings to long term inpatient rehabilitation programs, there are many different choices available to those struggling with addiction. Understanding the nature of each type of addiction and determining the best course of treatment for the individual is important to ensure success. For opioid addiction, maintenance based programs, though controversial, show high rates of treatment retention, reduction in criminality, gainful employment, and improvement in health; offering an alternative to those who have not had success in abstinence based programs. Addiction is a challenging and complicated health issue. It affects people physically as well as mentally and socially, impacting nearly every aspect of life. Families can be torn apart. The effects of addiction can cause a person to lose employment and fall into poverty. Health issues such as HIV and hepatitis can affect addicts who share needles, or engage in prostitution to obtain drugs. The greatest consequence of addiction is death. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention states, “Drug overdose death rates in the United States have more than tripled since 1990 and have never been higher.” The negative consequences of addiction are many. This highlights...
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...Internet Addiction and Depression, Anxiety and Stress ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between internet addiction and depression, anxiety, and stress. Participants were 300 university students who were enrolled in mid-size state University, in Turkey. In this study, the Online Cognition Scale and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale were used. In correlation analysis, internet addiction was found positively related to depression, anxiety, and stress. According to path analysis results, depression, anxiety, and stress were predicted positively by internet addiction. This research shows that internet addiction has a direct impact on depression, anxiety, and stress. INTRODUCTION Cyber space is a virtual space in which we communicate with other people on the network due to the wide distribution of computers. Cyber space has appeared as a new environment basically different from the physical space in which we live. However, the advancement of Internet technology not only brings benefits, but also negative results. Of these negative aspects, excessive Internet use is increasing dramatically. Typical Internet behaviors included revolving around the PC rooms, participating in chat rooms, checking e-mailbox too many times, playing online games, and surfing pornographic contents. Internet addiction is described as an impulse control disorder that does not involve use of an intoxicating drug and is very similar to pathological gambling (Young, 1996)...
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...Maranda Harris Chris Bishop English 1302 12 October 2014 Should Non Violent Drug Offenders Be Imprisoned? With so much overcrowding and financial problems, it is obvious that non-violent offenders should not be incarcerated but instead they should be offered alternatives to incarceration. This argument will discuss the benefits of offering another option to offenders who have not committed a violent offense. Rehabilitation has been proven to be an effective alternative when offered to non violent offenders who are usually addicts. By incarcerating people who are not a threat to others and have not committed a violent crime we are simply wasting space in prisons that could be better used to house violent offenders such as murderers and rapists. In addition to wasting space, every state that continues to jail non violent offenders is wasting money. They are wasting money not only for salaries of correctional facility employees but also on housing and feeding these inmates. The amount of money it takes to keep a person imprisoned for one year is unbelievable. The average cost to house an inmate in California over one year is $47,102. (Brown, 2009) In Wisconsin that number is $31,806, much closer to the national average. (National institute of corrections, 2008) Think of all the money that could be saved by referring non violent offenders to rehabilitation instead of putting them in jail. Even with all the spending done each year on inmates, they are just as likely to...
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...Creating a Social Program HSM 240 2012 Creating a Social Program Drugs Intervention & Prevention Program The mission is to provide service to all clients seeking relief from drugs and related addictions. We will provide the best care at the least amount of cost to our clients. The caring staff is here to help the client re-enter society free from drug dependency. Drugs Intervention & Prevention program Introduction Drugs have been around for thousands of years. Humans always search for ways to make themselves feel better. The problem with wanting to feel better is this is costing people their lives. Addiction to drug is one of the most serious social problems that exist today. People are abusing illegal drugs and prescription medication, they are overdosing on both. Drugs are dangerous, although taken as prescribed they can produce exceptional results in curing diseases. The inefficiency and deficiency of drug prevention programs has resulted in wide spread involvement in drug use. The problem has gotten so bad that the United States have declared war on drugs. According to the former President he stated the drug problem in the United States is (public enemy number one Nixon, 1971). The Drugs Intervention & Prevention Program will assess the problems leading to drug dependency. This organization will provide various levels of prevention and intervention methods through individual and family counseling. This facility will provide...
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