...E Coli is one of the three most deadly diseases in the world. It has a very high mortality and with thousands infected every year. It has had many major outbreaks since 1993. Due to how deadly it is, it is a huge topic to study by many biologists. E Coli has many different symptoms, causes, and preventions. E Coli has a large variety of symptoms. Some of the common symptoms out there include severe stomach cramps, diarrhea, and vomiting. The infected person may also have a mild fever. Around 10 % of infected victims develop hemolytic uremic syndrome which can be extremely fatal. This causes seizures, strokes, and kidney dialysis. There are also potential long-term effects of permanent kidney damage. Symptoms usually start after 3 to 4 days...
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...Escherichia Coli (E. Coli) are found in nearly all parts of the environment, foods, and even inside in all organisms. Majority of this bacteria is harmless, but it could also be potentially beneficial and even disadvantageous. Research has proven that some types of E. Coli can be the source of illness such as diarreach urinary tract infections, and many other varieties of illnesses. It is possible you many be exposed to this bacteria from the contamination found in our daily food and water (It is commonly present in raw and uncooked vegetables and meats.) Although the recovery process is can be easily facilitated, it is crucial prevent this illness as it may put you at risk for developing a life-threatening diseases linked to this bacteria. (MedicineNet, 2017). E. Coli cannot be seen, tasted, or even smaller, however, it can be deadly. Previously mentioned, E. Coli is commonly found in meat, unpasteurized milk, raw vegetables, contaminated beverages. Many of these examples have been recalled because of the contamination E. Coli caused. Some foodborne illnesses linked to this bacteria salmonella and cryptosporidium. The bacteria is most often spread person to person through hand or mouth contact (Who, 2018). However, there are certainly practices that are followed to treat...
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...ANTIMICROBIAL SCREENING OF BUYO (Piper betel L.) LEAVES AGAINST Escherichia coli AND Staphyloccocus aureus A baby thesis presented to the faculty of Alabel National Science High School Alabel, Sarangani Province In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Course Research ii-B Submitted by: KRIS CHARMAINE ALMOCERA ROY REINER OCTAVIO ADRIAN KIM ABALLE Fourth Year Emerald / Diamond Submitted to: SHIELA P. BUTIL, MST Research Teacher March 31, 2012 Republic of the Philippines ALABEL NATIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL Alabel, Sarangani Province APPROVAL SHEET This baby thesis entitled “ANTIMICROBIAL SCREENING OF BUYO (Piper betel L.) LEAVES AGAINST Escherichia coli ANDStaphyloccocus aureus” prepared and submitted by KRIS CHARMAINE ALMOCERA, ADRIAN KIM ABALLE and ROY REINER OCTAVIO in partial fulfillment of the requirements in Research II-B has been examined and is recommended for Oral Examination. SHIELA P. BUTIL, MST Research Adviser PANEL OF EXAMINERS Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination . DEXTER C. NECOR, MA Member SHIELA P. BUTIL, MST Chairman Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Course Research II-B. March 31, 2012 NORMA P. RENDON, MA Date Principal ACKNOWLEDGEMENT A work is not worthy to be considered a success if it is done merely by human strength. Fulfillment is a lot sweeter when done with the help of...
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...Escherichia Coli is a bacterium that is found in the environment and in the intestines of animals and humans. Most strains of E. coli are nonpathogenic and are important to the environment and for healthy human intestines. For the purpose of this paper, I will talk about the pathogenic E. coli, as known as diarrheagenic E. coli, that causes disease in humans. Pathogenic E. coli causes diarrhea and other intestinal problems and is transmitted through contaminated water or food, or through contact with animals or humans. (Bonenberger, n.d.) Escherichia Coli Description of the Microorganism Escherichia coli, or E. coli, is a major foodborne pathogen that is found within the environment and within the intestines of humans and animals....
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..."NATURAL PRESERVATIVES" Anthony C. Dweck Research Director, Peter Black Medicare Ltd., White Horse Business Park, Aintree Avenue, Trowbridge, Wiltshire, UK. BA14 0XB SUMMARY This paper looks at the theoretical development of a natural preservative system using the author's data base on medicinal plants as a source of references. The legal aspects of this concept are considered. The traditional methods of preservation, many taken from the food industry are summarised. The use of alcohol, glycerine, sugar, salt, dessication, anhydrous systems and temperature are amongst examples considered. The definitions of the many words used to describe the act of preservation are considered, and the confusion that results from the presence of the many synonyms is considered. e.g. antimicrobial, antibiotic, antiseptic, bactericidal, etc. Specific organisms are identified as being of particular interest, especially those standard organisms that form part of the B.P. challenge test. These include Candida albicans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger and Staphylococcus aureus. A cross-section of plants mentioned in the literature as being specifically targeted at these organisms are considered. The paper concludes with Appendices of plant materials that have mention in the literature according to specific definitions, which may give researchers a potential introduction to future research. KEY WORDS Natural preservation, traditional preservation, challenge test organisms...
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...Available on line www.eijppr.com International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Phytopharmacological Research ISSN (Online) 2249 – 6084 ISSN (Print) 2250 – 1029 Int.J.Pharm.Phytopharmacol.Res. 2011, 1(3): 107-111 (Research Article) An Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Abelmoschus esculentus on Clinically Isolated Infectious Disease Causing Bacterial Pathogen from Hospital Yogesh Chaudhari*1, Dr. E. P. Kumar2, Manisha Badhe3, Hardik R. Mody1, Vamshikrishna B. Acharya1 1 3 Dr. L. H. Hiranandani College of Pharmacy, Ulhasnagar. India 2 Karapagam College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, India Nandha College of Pharmacy,Kora Palyam Pirivu,Pitchandampalyam,Erode-638052 Received on: 21/11/2011 Accepted on: 17/12/2011 ABSTRACT Six different organic solvents such as n-butanol, petroleum ether, methanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform were used to extract the bioactive compounds from the fruits of Abelmoschus esculentus to screen the antibacterial activity against infectious disease causing bacterial pathogens such as Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogens, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabillis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by paper disc method. The butanolic extract of Abelmoschus esculentus was more active against almost 90% of the organism tested. It was followed by Ethyl acetate, Methanol, Petroleum ether, Chloroform in inhibiting the growth of organism tested. Key Words: Abelmoschus esculentus, Pathogens...
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...What Are the Effects of Animal Cruelty? Dalvi Herrera English 135 Professor Michael Gurin August.25, 2012 Do you know what animal cruelty is? This is a common question where people would probably answer with the same response. The thing is that do you really know what animal cruelty is? Animal cruelty is not only physical abuse that animals receive but also on many other factors. This type of animal cruelty mostly occurs on industrial farms. You’re also probably wondering what an industrial farm is. Well let’s just say that it’s a bad thing. A traditional farm is a farm where they raise livestock the original way. What I mean by the original way is that the animals have freedom. Animals have the ability to roam around in big spaces and live how they want with human maintenance. With this freedom, they can grow up to be healthy. An industrial farm is the opposite farm. The purpose of an industrial farm is to raise livestock and then ship them out to be slaughtered. Animals here have no freedom and no right. Animals are made to live under very harsh conditions. The living conditions are very poor. They are forced to live in a small environment with the same kind of animals. It’s so small and crowded that animals could barely move. With so many animals living in a small area, they all live in their own manure. There is maintenance in the farm but sometimes animals just live in such a long period of time in their own manure. This causes many effects but I will explain them...
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...Systematic Methodology used in the Identification and Isolation of Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus from an Unknown Culture. By: Richard Martinez MCB-2010L Microbiology Lab Dr. James Rogers 11/29/13 Unknown bacteria were determined to be Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus due to their morphological, physiological and metabolic properties. I. Abstract In a laboratory setting, it often becomes necessary to identify an unknown organism. In this experiment, researchers classified some unidentified bacteria based on their physical structure, colony morphology, optimal conditions and metabolic properties. A Gram stain using crystal violet, iodine, and safranin and a simple stain using methylene blue characterized the organism’s cell walls. Cultural behaviors were classified by inoculating the organisms onto nutrient agar and incubating them at 30° and 37° C for 48 hours, and observing their behaviors, as well as using Mannitol and phenol red media for fermentation and acid production. Optimal growth temperatures were determined by incubating nutrient agar plates of the organisms at 30° C and 37° C. The metabolic profile was created by inoculating the bacterium into broths containing lactose, mannitol, and citrate and incubating the tubes at 30° and 37° C for 48 hours, then observing them for color change. The stains revealed that the bacteria were both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacilli. Organism “A” was shown to not grow on MacConkey agar and to have...
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...CONSUMPTION OF FEU - EAST ASIA COLLEGE STUDENTS ON STREET FOODS IN THE VICINITY OF THE SCHOOL A Research Paper Presented to Ms. Fatima S. Foz Far Eastern University – East Asia College Nicanor Reyes Street, Sampaloc Manila In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Course ENGL303 – Modern Communication 1 Arvin Arevalo Vincent Buenagua Michael Pepz Datuin Joshua Ofreneo September 2013 Abstract This study is all about street foods served in the vicinity of FEU – East Asia College most commonly known as the ‘hepa lane’. The proponents of this research will also discuss vital information about street foods present in the ‘hepa lane’. Locations of the stalls present in the area will also be tackled including the factors why students indulge themselves to these kind of foods and also on how frequent does a student from the above-mentioned school visits these long stretch of stalls. The recommendations on how to lessen the number of students eating this kind of foods are stated in the last chapter. Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study Street food is ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall. Most street foods are also classed as both finger food and fast food, and are cheaper on average than restaurant meals. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Street_food) In the Philippines, particularly in the R. Papa St., selling of street foods is...
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...classified and characterized. My hypothesis when first starting the test was that this unknown was going to be something we had already dealt with in class. I thought our unknown would be Escherichia coli. Materials and Methods When we chose our unknown bacterial microorganism, it had the number one on the side. The broth had a one in turbidity on a scale from one (being the lowest) to four (being the highest). To see more clearly in the tube, swirling was used for sediment to be seen. The first experiment we did was testing the unknown to see if it was a gram-negative bacterium or whether it was a gram-positive bacterium. Majority of the bacteria that had been handled with in class fell under gram negative. How to tell whether the bacteria is gram negative or gram positive is by staining the bacteria and watching it change it’s color. If the bacteria turn purple, that would show that the bacteria are gram-positive. If the bacteria turn red, then that would...
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...| | |Food Safety | |A Matter of Ethics | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Professor: | | ...
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...“Reptile Blood a cure” Amy Parsons HCA/210 September 10, 2012 Cathy Wilburn Abstract In this paper, I will inform you of the ways that Reptile blood has been tested in hopes of finding cures for different diseases. There are several people testing the reptilian blood in experiments to help find a cure for a number of diseases. The thought of using a reptile’s blood to cure someone is a strange one. However, it was brought to the attention of Dr. Mark Merchant, of McNeese State University, that crocodiles, as well as other reptiles, heal with a great deal of quickness. He wondered how they could fight with such aggression and remain healthy. They fight to the points, sometimes, that they rip off limbs and expose bone and muscle. Then they swim off, into mucky, filthy water and yet they still do not get any kind of major infection. Humans exposed to the same type of battles and the same disgusting water they would have a devastating outcome, possibly death. This gave him and others ideas to check into their blood to see if they had something humans lacked. In 1998, Dr. Merchant found that American Alligators have a powerful antibiotic in their blood. Dr. Merchant demonstrated the “unscientific” evidence suggesting that reptile are resistant to bacterial infection. He identified reasons these creatures were immune to infection. Like humans, they have a natural defense system against invading bacteria, viruses, and fungi, which involves a group of proteins...
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...PDF and full text (HTML) versions will be made available soon. Polar extracts from (Tunisian) Acacia salicina 'Lindl. Study of the antimicrobial and antigenotoxic activities BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2012, 12:37 doi:10.1186/1472-6882-12-37 Jihed Boubaker (jihed.boubaker@yahoo.fr) Hedi Ben Mansour (hedi.mansour@hotmail.fr) Kamel Ghedira (kamel.ghedira@gmail.com) Leila Chekir-Ghedira (leila.chekir@laposte.net) ISSN Article type Submission date Acceptance date Publication date Article URL 1472-6882 Research article 3 September 2011 10 April 2012 10 April 2012 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/12/37 Like all articles in BMC journals, this peer-reviewed article was published immediately upon acceptance. It can be downloaded, printed and distributed freely for any purposes (see copyright notice below). Articles in BMC journals are listed in PubMed and archived at PubMed Central. For information about publishing your research in BMC journals or any BioMed Central journal, go to http://www.biomedcentral.com/info/authors/ © 2012 Boubaker et al. ; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Polar extracts from (Tunisian) Acacia salicina ‘Lindl. Study of the antimicrobial and antigenotoxic activities ...
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...November 21, 2015, Reference Fisher, L. E., Hook, A. L., Ashraf, W., Yousef, A., Barrett, D. A., Scurr, D. J., … Bayston, R. (2015). Biomaterial modification of urinary catheters with antimicrobials to give long-term broadspectrum antibiofilm activity. Journal of Controlled Release, 202, 57-64. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.01.037.Epub Retrieved November 15,2015, from ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Since urinary catheter infections are so prevalent in hospitalized patients; short-term bladder drainage or long-term management of bladder dysfunction can posed serious infections. The purpose of this research is to see, if applying Biomaterial modification to urinary catheters such as anti-microbial agents will prevent foley catheters related infections. The aim is to try to keep the indwelling catheter as long as possible without the development of catheter related infection.(Fisher et.al,2015). The questions to keep in mind are that is it effective to apply the Biomaterial agent in reducing catheter related infection? What is the objective of patients who has an indwelling catheter with anti-microbial agent? Applicability The variables used in this study are silicone catheters. The independent variable used to run this test are pathogens such as Esherichia Coli, Proteus Mirabis, and Klebsiella Pneumaniae and anti-microbial agents are 0.2% Rifampin, 1% Triclosan, and 1% Sparloxacin.(Fisher et al,2015) In this study, there were no actual people samples, but the specimens of...
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...Root Extracts for Their Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity and Brine Shrimp Lethality Mohammad Abu Basma Rajeh 1, Zakaria Zuraini 1, Sreenivasan Sasidharan 2, Lachimanan Yoga Latha 2 and Santhanam Amutha 2,3,* 1 2 3 School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; E-Mail: zuraini@usm.my (Z.Z) Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia; E-Mail: srisasidharan@yahoo.com (S.S) School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai 625021, India * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: amutha_santhanam@yahoo.com; Tel.: 00604-6534818; Fax: 00604-6534803. Received: 25 July 2010; in revised form: 7 August 2010 / Accepted: 20 August 2010 / Published: 31 August 2010 Abstract: The antimicrobial activities of the methanolic extracts of Euphorbia hirta L leaves, flowers, stems and roots were evaluated against some medically important bacteria and yeast using the agar disc diffusion method. Four Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus sp., Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringensis), four Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi and P. mirabilis) and one yeast (Candida albicans) species were screened. Inhibition zones ranged between 16–29 mm. Leaves extract inhibited the growth of all tested microorganisms with large zones of inhibition, followed by that of flowers, which also inhibited all the bacteria...
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