... (MacMillan, 2012). The question is, can I live without my oesophagus? And in fact, it is possible. Esophagectomy is the surgical removal of the esophagus. This procedure may be necessary for people with eosophageal cancer, benign tumors and cysts of the esophagus or any other esophageal abnormalities, (Duranceau, & Pandolfino, 2011). To enable life without an esophagus, a Gastric feeding tube can be inserted directly through the abdomen into the stomach for the delivery of food, (Stockeld, Fagerberg, Granstrom, et al, 2001). This is done via a Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy is an endoscopic medical procedure in which a tube is passed into a patient's stomach through the abdominal wall. It is most commonly used to provide a means of feeding when oral intake is not adequate, in this case, due to the absence of the eosophagus, (McCoy, 2011). A feeding tube may seem as though it would place a major burden on a person’s life, but feeding tubes are not painful and are not easily noticeable when wearing ordinary clothes. When not in use, they can easily be taped to the patient’s stomach to prevent them from moving around under the clothing, (Oral Cancer Foundation, 2013). While the functions of the esophagus are obviously an important part of everyday life, people who have a dysfunctional esophagus or must have their esophagus removed, can actually live a relatively healthy life without it. So the answer to...
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...How to prepare for an upper Gastrointestinal Series test? Upper gastrointestinal series test - that is quite a mouthful, isn't it? Hearing about such a long and complicated test is quite frightening. But, don't worry - it is not all that terrible. In this article we will create some awareness about this test and relieve you of any apprehensions that you may have. What is an upper gastrointestinal series test? An upper gastrointestinal (GI) series test is a radiological test that is done to envisage the structure of the upper digestive system. The test involves filling the upper digestive system with a white liquid called barium. The upper digestive system consists of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. Should your doctor like to see the...
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...Fluoroscopy is a type of procedure where they use constant x-ray radiation, that can show an x-ray video instead of one still image. Fluoroscopy is used for many surgical examinations. These surgical examinations range from orthopedic surgery like hip replacements to placement of intravenous catheters. During these examinations, the doctors use the help of x-ray to guide them through the surgery. The x-ray machine used in fluoroscopy is called a c-arm. A c-arm is different than a normal x-ray machine because it has an image intensifier. This allows low intensity x-rays into a brighter visible light that provides a more intense image. The c-arm is commonly used in operating rooms through-out the hospital. It was introduced to the medical world in 1955 and has since became a “must have” in hospitals everywhere. It is popular because of the c shape, which allows doctors and surgeons to work around the c-arm and the patient. Also, the c-arm is known for its ability to move horizontally, vertically, and in every angle. This makes it easier to x-ray the patient without the patient having to move around. In most surgical procedures, the patient is put to sleep, making the c-arm a necessary part of the exam due to the fact the patient can not move. The c-arm has a generator, which is where the x-ray source is, and an image intensifier. The generator is where the x-rays are produced, and the image intensifier is what transforms the x-rays to an image visible to the doctors. The c-arm...
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...disease is a common health problem that happens when the acid in your stomach flows back to your esophagus. That’s why the condition is more specifically referred to as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Reports have shown that in the United States, 25-40% of people experience the signs and symptoms of acid reflux at some point in their lives while 7-10% have to deal with the symptoms every day. The disease can affect all age groups...
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... The larynx is a cartilaginous organ located at the front of the neck (top of the neck) from the bottom of the lobe bone - The man's throat is more prominent in the neck than the lady's throat The larynx is a key organ in the respiratory system and acts as a safety valve to prevent the leakage of food or drink during swallowing to the respiratory canal. In addition, it is a basic organ in the speech system where the vocal cords are constricted as air passes through the lungs during exhalation. Anatomical description of the larynx: The larynx consists of several individual cartilages: thyroid cartilage, ring cartilage, and three cartilage cartilage : corneal cartilage, oesophageal cartilage, and cartilage cartilage. These cartilage are related to several ligaments (lining the inside of a mucous membrane) and muscles, and they work to close or distance vocal cords during inhalation or exhalation, as well as during swallowing or speech. At the entrance of the larynx is a cartilage covered with mucous membrane called the tongue of the pamper moving to close the larynx during swallowing food and on the inner surface of the larynx there are protrusions on each side called the upper bronzos with the two phonetic vocal cords. The lower bronzos are called the real vocal cords. These vocal cords control the sound tone by stretching and Thus making small muscles connected to the larynx of the throat. Skeleton of larynx (Cartilage) The structure of the larynx consists of several cartilages...
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...Esophageal Cancer The human body consists of millions of living cells. These cells grow, divide and die. This process goes on in our body without us even knowing it is happening. Our body is an amazing creation that scientist still can’t completely explain how and why all things happen. When our bodies are younger our cells divide faster which lends to our bodies growing. As we become older this process slows down and usually only divides to repair or replace old or injured cells. When cells begin to grow out of control this causes abnormal cell growth. The growth of these cells, start to take over other tissues, something that the normal cells can’t do. The growth and taking over the cells is what then begins the start of cancer cells. Depending on where this growth occurs depends on where the cancer begins to grow. The cells turn into cancer cells because the DNA becomes damaged. Usually when DNA is damaged our cells repair the damage, but with cancer these cells can longer be repaired and the cell is not able to die like it normally would. Then the damaged or sick cells start to grow and carry on the damaged DNA. This then begins the process of cancer. It is not fully understood how and why these cells become damaged and cancer sets in. But what we do know is that the damage to the DNA is usually caused by mistakes that happen while the normal cell is reproducing or by a cause in our environment. Exposure to obvious things like smoking and alcohol are clearly risk...
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...In an article recently published in the New York Times titled, “The Dangers of Eating Late at Night,” the author, Jamie A. Koufman, correlates the booming epidemic of acid reflux with night-time eating. With reported acid reflux cases growing 500 percent since the 1970’s, Koufman delineates on what may be contributing to the increase of these incidents. Poor diet with the consumption of sugary, fat and processed foods, combined with eating late at night are what scientist believe to be the main culprit of this condition. When we eat a big mean then lay down to sleep, gravity allows the contents of our stomach to rest at the bottom of our esophagus before the food can ever be digested. This condition can lead people to be at higher risks for esophageal cancer, as well as be the basis of acid reflux in nearly 40 percent of Americans. Although this article encompasses some of the authors opinion, the implementation of various factual studies give the article many elements of an informative passage. Language that portrays a clear sense of opinion is when Koufman compares our eating habits (without evidence) to Europeans. “In my experience,” Koufman says, “Europeans have fewer cases of reflux than we do, even though many of them still eat late.” Along with some opinionated sentiments, Koufman validates many of her opinions through research backed by undeniable data. While discussing how acid reflux medication alone does not control the disease, Koufman cites a Danish study in saying:...
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...Academic essay on Annie Proulx's "Job Story" Choices are something we all make. Not necessarily important choices, but there will always be a time to make them. It's not always good choices, but they have to be made. There will always be consequences, whether it's bad or good. Throughout the story, Leeland Lee has to make a lot of choices. Where to live, where to work and when to work. All the different choices he made, put him in the position he is now. Leeland Lee is an awkward-looking young boy. His face is heavily boned, which he has gotten from his mom, his neck is quite thick and he has red-gold hair. His eyes are as pouchy as a middle-aged alcoholic. His nose is broad and lays close to his face. Lori Bovee is Leeland Lee's wife. She has an undistinguished oval face, and hair of medium length. Leeland Lee is the protagonist of the story, because he is the main character. I would say Leeland is a flat and static character as he is an endless optimist. He doesn't give up when it comes to finding a new job, and despite his wife dying he still gets a job at Unique Eats. The reason he is a static character is because he doesn't change at all. After getting several different jobs he doesn't change anything, after his mom and wife dies he doesn't change one single thing except the fact he isn't listening to the radio anymore, but since that have been an important factor of the story all along, it can also show a lot about how he has changed. The story starts November...
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...Essay on “Job History” written by Annie Proulx In the short story “Job History” written by Annie Proulx, we follow Leeland Lee from the time of his birth, until he is about fifty years old. In the short story we follow Leeland through his harsh life, with ups and downs, in the form of thoughts, feelings, incidents, etc. Leeland is born in a ranch in Wyoming, and lives there with his wife Lori. Leeland does not look particularly good, in fact he is a very unattractive man; (page 91, line 12)“Leeland’s face shows heavy bones from his mother’s side. His neck is thick and his red-gold hair plastered down in bangs. Even as a child his eyes are as pouchy as those of a middle-age alcoholic, the brows rod-straight above wandering out-of-line eyes. His nose lies broad and close to his face, his mouth seems to have been cut with a single chisel blow into easy flesh” And in the top of that, we see how Leeland through his life, tries to find a successful career, but fails consistently. He moves various times from place to place, too seek occupation and good business. But it is hard when you’re a high school dropout, without a career. Leeland have to changes his job constantly, because of his lack of luck, and since he can’t get along white his bosses. He is never able to stay at one job or place for long, which lead to problems in the family. He has a hard time supporting his wife, and their children financially. Throughout the story the author, Annie Proulx manages...
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...An essay is a piece of writing which is often written from an author's personal[->0] point of view[->1]. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism[->2], political manifestos[->3], learned arguments[->4], observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author. The definition of an essay is vague, overlapping with those of an article[->5] and a short story[->6]. Almost all modern essays are written in prose[->7], but works in verse[->8] have been dubbed essays (e.g. Alexander Pope[->9]'s An Essay on Criticism[->10] and An Essay on Man[->11]). While brevity usually defines an essay, voluminous works like John Locke[->12]'s An Essay Concerning Human Understanding[->13] and Thomas Malthus[->14]'s An Essay on the Principle of Population[->15] are counterexamples. In some countries (e.g., the United States and Canada), essays have become a major part of formal education[->16]. Secondary students are taught structured essay formats to improve their writing skills, and admission essays[->17] are often used by universities[->18] in selecting applicants and, in the humanities and social sciences, as a way of assessing the performance of students during final exams. The concept of an "essay" has been extended to other mediums beyond writing. A film essay is a movie that often incorporates documentary film making styles and which focuses more on the evolution of a theme or an idea. A photographic essay[->19] is an attempt to cover a topic...
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...We all know love. We have all loved in some kind of way. We love our parents, significant others and even our friends. But we can also love other things like animals or material things. But what is the difference between loving and liking? And is it better not to love and feel pain or to love and be hurt in the progress? Jonathan Franzen seeks to answer these questions in his essay “Liking Is for Cowards. Go for What Hurts”. The essay “Liking Is for Cowards. Go for What Hurts” is, as mentioned, written by Jonathan Franzen and published in The New York Times, May 28, 2011. Jonathan Franzen is born in 1959, and he is an acclaimed American novelist and essayist. The essay is based on the commencement speech he delivered at Kenyon College in Ohio, USA. “Our technology has become extremely adept in creating products that correspond to our fantasy ideal of an erotic relationship, in which the beloved object asks for nothing and gives everything, instantly. (…)” As Franzen claims in his essay, many people can feel like they love their technological object. It gives them a satisfaction, which human interaction maybe wouldn’t. Franzen however thinks, that people in general don’t love material things: they like them. There is a major difference between loving and liking – even though it might appear small. “Liking, in general, is commercial culture’s substitute for loving.” Products are made to be likeable, but if that concept in transferred to a person, you would instantly see...
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...Reaction – “Salvation” The nonfiction short essay “Salvation” written by Langston Hughes in 1940, presents a theme on the literal and often manipulated perception of children. Hughes narrates the essay as he recounts his disappointing attempt at salvation. Hughes aunt told him that when she was saved by Jesus she saw a light, and felt something happen within herself. As children will do, Hughes took her story literally and was heartbroken as he sat in front of the church and watched other children “saved” while he was not. He believed that Jesus must not want him because he did not see or feel anything. In the end, Hughes is forced to lie about accepting Jesus and in turn rejects the Christian faith all together. I related to Hughes story on many accounts. I am a mother of three young children who perceive everything in life literally, and as a young girl I was raised in a very religious environment. I could visualize and almost feel Hughes devastation as he sat at the front of the church crushed by the thoughts of God not wanting him. “Still I kept waiting to see Jesus” (Barnet, Cain, & Burto, 2011, pp. 351). One of the churches that my family attended for a short time during my childhood practiced speaking in tongs. I specifically remember feeling just like Hughes during a service when other children were speaking in unnatural languages perceived to be sent from God himself. I could not understand why I was not chosen to talk for God and intern was hurt and...
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...write an essay on drugs for this topic. Drugs are very harmful and keep the capability of dragging an individual towards death and destruction. People all over the world want to eradicate the adverse situation of drug addiction from this world and this is the reason why they are busy in writing essays on drugs. Essays on drugs are of many types such as war on drugs essay, essay on performance enhancing drugs in sports, essay on drug abuse, essay on illegal drugs, essay on drug addiction, essay on drug use, essay on drugs and alcohol and essay on drug testing, etc. The essays on drugs should be initiated by bringing in the information related to the topic of the essay on drug. You should know what drugs are. In an essay on drugs, you will have to write about drugs, their affects and the reasons due to which people use them, you have to include the information about why the drugs are so famous and how harmful are they. A persuasive essay on drugs will be one, which will be according to the topic of the essay on drugs. It should have a full-fledged introduction, which should introduce the topic completely. The introduction should also have a thesis statement that should be the main idea of the essay on drugs. A thesis statement should be based on the essay question to which your essay on drugs is an answer. A thesis statement of an essay on drugs can be one sentence or more than one sentence but it is suggested that it should be only one sentence. Essays on drug abuse or essays on drug...
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...Dog Food Fried, Flipped and Devoured Eating dog food may not be seen as the easiest thing to stomach because the smell, texture and by-products found within the mixture are thought of as awful and revolting. In Ann Hodgman’s “No Wonder They Call Me a Bitch”, although the title may suggest otherwise, different types of dog food are discussed. In this essay, Hodgman aims to inform her readers about the inequality in different types of dog food, as well as to entertain and amuse. Hodgman is writing to a broad audience, one of dog lovers and owners, as well as those that may be curious as to what is really in dog food, or more generally the packaging and processing of mass-produced food of any kind. Language, description and humor are techniques Hodgman skillfully uses to create a strong, convincing essay. Within this essay, Hodgman continually uses diction and syntax that a diverse audience can understand and relate to. In the beginning, the reader feels repulsed by what is written. However, through a light tone of voice and sentence structure, the levity of the experiences and feelings occurring throughout the experiment is conveyed. The personal anecdotes and thoughts make the tone feel less formal and much more story-like. In this way, Hodgman produces a piece that connects the information and readers Shortly after capturing interest through stating questions, Hodgman begins using large amounts of description. Each type of dog food is explained and illustrated so well that...
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...Business Essay Format and its Structure What Makes Business Essay Format? Those students, who study different business courses, for example management, marketing, have to write many different business essays. This type of essay as well as the others (argumentative essay, classification essay, cause and effect essay, persuasive essay, comparative essay, etc) has peculiar features that should be observed carefully in order to produce an essay in conformity with all instructions of research paper writing. One of these features to be observed at writing is business essay format as there is no doubt that format of the essay plays the same important role as the content of business essay. When student has made comprehensive research of the object and has found interesting ideas and sources to support hisher position, it does not mean that heshe has coped with a writing task. The writer should make the next step that is to organize hisher research paper writing in a proper way. It means that attention should be paid to the business essay format. In general, there are different formats of research paper – ChicagoTurabian, Harvard, APA, AMA, MLA format paper; which of them suits you the most depends on the business essay topic, subject, requirements set by the professor. When the student has chosen the format of the business essay it is very important to follow it and not use any elements of the other essay format. In case when you do not get any instruction as for the business...
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