...Fluoroscopy From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Fluoroscopy | Intervention | A modern fluoroscope | ICD-10-PCS | B?1 | MeSH | D005471 | A barium swallow exam taken via fluoroscopy. Fluoroscopy is an imaging technique that uses X-rays to obtain real-time moving images of the internal structures of a patient through the use of a fluoroscope. In its simplest form, a fluoroscope consists of an X-ray source and fluorescent screen between which a patient is placed. However, modern fluoroscopes couple the screen to an X-ray image intensifier and CCD video camera allowing the images to be recorded and played on a monitor. The use of X-rays, a form of ionizing radiation, requires the potential risks from a procedure to be carefully balanced with the benefits of the procedure to the patient. While physicians always try to use low dose rates during fluoroscopic procedures, the length of a typical procedure often results in a relatively high absorbed dose to the patient. Recent advances include the digitization of the images captured and flat panel detector systems; modern advances allow further reduction of the radiation dose to the patient. Contents [hide] * 1 History * 2 Invention of commercial instruments * 2.1 Analog instrument * 2.2 Digital instrument * 3 Risks * 4 Equipment * 4.1 X-ray image intensifiers * 4.2 Flat-panel detectors * 4.3 Contrast agents * 5 Imaging concerns * 6 Common procedures...
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...By Jonas Wilson, Ing. Med. Vascular Surgery The surgical branch dealing with disorders of the circulatory system, which includes arteries, veins and lymphatic vessels, is called vascular surgery. These specialists treat varying conditions, such as aneurysms and atherosclerosis. These are abnormal dilations in vessel walls and narrowing/ hardening of the arteries, respectively. Vascular surgeons are focused on fixing vessels in nearly all parts of the body with the exception of the brain and heart. They also deal with peripheral vascular disorders like ulcers on the lower extremities and poor circulation. Surgical approaches to vascular repair may be endovascular (i.e. closed) or open surgery. Endovascular surgery Procedures that fall...
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...and is the most commonly used system today. Furthermore, in modern medical practice, "there are two types of radiology: diagnostic radiology and interventional radiology" (5). The first type, diagnostic radiology, helps professionals examine prominent structures within the human body. Using this technology, radiologists are able to diagnose the cause of numerous internal symptoms, monitor body responses to treatments, and technologically analyze for different illnesses such as breast cancer, colon cancer, or heart disease (5). Conversely, interventional radiologists are doctors or surgeons specializing in the utilization of imaging technology, including CT, ultrasound, MRI and fluoroscopy to help guide medical procedures (5). Instead of physically viewing the operation with a camera or simply open surgery, doctors can use such technology to diagnose and treat conditions in almost every part of the body. Contemporary medical imaging has become an enormous part of the medical society today, which results in thousands of impacted lives all over the world. ...
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...Medical Technology and U.S. Health Care Medical Technology and U.S. Health Care Over the course of history, medical technology has continued to evolve in more ways than one. The advancements in surgical procedures, imaging techniques and the use of computer technology has allowed for patients to receive health care in a more convenient and efficient way, but with this convenience and the ever evolving technology comes the burden of cost on the U.S. economy. This paper will review how early medicinal practices have evolved into the technologically advanced world of medicine we live in today, as well as discuss how these advancements play a role in the accessibility, affordability and quality of life and care the patients of the United States receive today. In the early 1800’s, medicinal practice in the U.S. was considered to be very primitive. Unlike the European countries of Britain, France and Germany, “American medicine lagged behind in the advances of medical science, experimental research and medical science education” (Shi & Singh, 2008 p. 85). Instead, America focused more on applied science rather than the research of basic sciences. In return, the United States’ “early practices of medicine were regarded more as a trade than a profession. It did not require the rigorous course of study, clinical practice, residency training, board exams and licensing, without which it is impossible to practice today” (Shi & Singh, 2008 p.85). This meant that pretty much...
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...patient's pain and prevent progressive spinal deformity. Vertebral Fracture Surgery To provide relief of the pain of a vertebral fracture and prevent further collapse, two types of minimally invasive procedures are available. These procedures, vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty, are most commonly used in cases of severe, functionally disabling pain caused by a vertebral fracture that does not improve over a number of weeks with pain medication and treatment with brace immobilization. Both vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty procedures involve the placement of cement...
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...have artificial intelligence. Some, like Honda's ASIMO (Fig 1) robot, will resemble the human form. They may eventually become self-aware and conscious, and be able to do anything that a human can. When we talk about robots doing the tasks of humans, we often talk about the future, but robotic surgery is already a reality. Doctors around the world are using sophisticated robots to perform surgical procedures on patients. While robotic surgery systems are still relatively uncommon, several hospitals around the world have bought robotic surgical systems. These systems have the potential to improve the safety and effectiveness of surgeries. But the systems also have some drawbacks. It's still a relatively young science and it's very expensive. Some hospitals may be holding back on adopting the technology. Robotic surgery is the use of robots in performing surgery. Three major advances aided by surgical robots have been remote surgery, minimally invasive surgery and unmanned surgery. 1.1 History In 1985 a robot, the PUMA 560, was used to place a needle for a brain biopsy using CT guidance. In 1988, the PROBOT, developed at Imperial College London, was used to perform prostatic surgery. The ROBODOC from Integrated Surgical Systems was introduced in 1992 to mill out precise fittings in the femur for hip replacement. Further...
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...Mazor Robotics Renaissance is a robotic spine surgery guidance system that enables safe and accurate spinal surgery. The Mazor Robotics technology is a massive advancement in back and spine surgery as well as surgical techniques in general, moving the surgeon from 100% freehand methods to sophisticated software and robotic-guided procedures. “The accuracy rate of pedicle screw positioning with the system was found to be 98.5 percent, and no neurological, vascular or dural damage was observed in the case series” (Mazor). The technology is incredibly precise due to its guided instrumentation and image based planning, which has enabled accuracy in spinal surgical procedures that have never before been achievable. Renaissance is providing tremendous...
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...Name: Ariagna Briceno Date: 01/23/2012 CIS110 Smartlipo Smartlipo Laser Body Sculpting is a revolutionary, minimally invasive treatment that does something, no fitness routine in the world can: permanently destroy fat cells. Since your body has only a finite amount of these cells, no new fat cells come back. You can finally have that body you have always wanted. How does Laser Body Sculpting work? This laser-assisted lipolysis procedure is performed using a one millimeter cannula (or tube) inserted into the skin. A laserfiber inside of the cannula delivers energy directly to fat cells, causing them to rupture and drain away as liquid. Simultaneously, tissue around the area coagulates, resulting in overall tighter skin tissue. What areas of the body can be treated? Laser Body Sculpting is ideal for the neck, jaw line, arms, breasts, bra fat, abdomen, inner and outer thighs and knees. Who is a good candidate? A perfect candidate is in good health and of normal body weight. How does Laser Body Sculpting compare to conventional liposuction? Convention liposuction is meant to remove greater amounts of fat. However, since this can leave behind unsightly pockets of skin. Is there a recovery period? Laser Body Sculpting is a minimally invasive procedure which usually requires only local anesthesia. Some light trauma can occur, but you will be able to return to work in a couple of days and resume exercise after 2 weeks. How...
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...consulted with the physicians regarding the patients’ course of treatment. I began to realize what an integral role a PA can have in both a hospital and private practice setting, and the relationships that they develop with their patients. There were many times that I witnessed the PA’s spending more time and being more involved in the care and treatment of the patients than the physician for some of their regular patients. During this time, several PA’s and physicians I had worked with suggested to me that I would make an excellent physicians assistant, and that was when I first became inspired to pursue a career as a PA. I further explored the field by spending time shadowing several PA’s in various fields, including plastic surgery, vascular surgery and OB/GYN. This has inspired me to take 36 credits of prerequisite courses in one year, while still working full time. I constantly strive to excel in what I do, and I commit myself fully to any endeavor that I become passionate about. I am going back to school after almost ten years since graduating college in order to pursue my dream of becoming a PA because I believe in what I am doing, and I am passionate about my goals. I look very forward to a rewarding profession that combines my interests in clinical science and helping others while working in a team...
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...Case Study 2: Shouldice Hospital Kenneth Snell, David Drummond 1. How successful is the Shouldice Hospital? a. Perform a comparison of the cost to patients at Shouldice vs other Hospitals The cost to a patient at Shouldice is based on an average 3.5 day stay: ($320.00/day x 3.5 days) = $1120.00 $650.00 surgical fee $300 anesthesia fee (20% of the patients) = 300 x .2 = $60.00 Average cost to patient is $1120.00 + $650.00 + $60.00 = $1830.00 Average charge for operations performed at other facilities: $5,240.00 b. Perform an analysis of the profitability of the operation at Shouldice. Include Return on Investment (7,600 patients/year) x $1120.00/patient = $13,908.00 annually Operating budget for the clinic: $3.5M Operating budget for the hospital: $8.5M Estimated annual net income: $13.9M - $12M = $1.908M *Net income is the numerator for any return calculation, and typically shareholder’s equity and total assets would be in the denominator. Since insufficient data was given to estimate total INVESTED CAPITAL in this business, ROI cannot be effectively calculated. c. How is all this achieved? How do you account for this performance? The keys to financial success for the hospital is that Shouldice manages its expenses to reduce overhead costs through allowing patients to be active participants in the service delivery process, reducing...
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...Memorandum To: Hospital Staff, Peer Review Committee, Hospital Trustees From: -Lead Surgeon Date: January 20, 2013 Subject: Heart Transplant Candidate The purpose of this memorandum is to come to a conclusion about which individual should receive the heart transplant taking into account ethics. There are three people who are in need of the organ transplant; Jerry, Lisa, and Ozzy. In order to make an informed decision it is important to look at all three cases. Candidate #1- Jerry is a 55 year old male with three children. In his early 20’s Jerry used steroids which in turn damaged his heart. His life expectancy would increase by about 10-15 years with this transplant. Candidate #2- Lisa is a 12 year old female. Her heart was damaged when she contracted pneumonia a year ago. Lisa has had health problems all her life due to a lupus-like immune deficiency. Even with the transplant, it is unlikely that Lisa will live through her 20’s. Candidate #3- Ozzy is a 38 year old male who has a history of drug abuse. As a result of Ozzy’s drug use, he will not be able to live past the month. With the transplant Ozzy has the life expectancy of 10+ years. The Rights Theory The Rights Theory state that an action is ethical is it respects the rights that all individuals have. Taking this theory into account, I do not think it is ethical to accept the 2 million dollars which are being offered to the hospital in exchange for Lisa to receive the transplant. All three of the candidates...
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...in each man. Roman Catholic accounts report the 3rd-century saints Damian and Cosmas as replacing the gangrenous leg of the Roman deacon Justinian with the leg of a recently deceased Ethiopian. The first successful corneal allograft transplant was performed in 1837 in a gazelle model; the first successful human corneal transplant, a keratoplastic operation, was performed by Eduard Zirm at Olomouc Eye Clinic, now Czech Republic, in 1905. Pioneering work in the surgical technique of transplantation was made in the early 1900s by the French surgeon Alexis Carrel, with Charles Guthrie, with the transplantation of arteries or veins. Their skilful anastomosis operations, the new suturing techniques, laid the groundwork for later transplant surgery and won Carrel the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. From 1902 Carrel performed transplant experiments on dogs. Surgically successful in moving kidneys,...
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...The job description listed is the rewritten version based on the tasks that the writer accomplishes daily. The original job description follows the updated version for comparison. There were changes primarily because the original document did not discuss all of the required daily tasks the employee completes. The areas in red are the changes and additions to the original job description. Opening Date: August 31, 2011 Closing Date: September 09, 2011 Position: Lead Medical Supply Technician, GS-0622-06 Salary: $34,907 - $45,376 Annual Place of Work: BAMC, Department of Anesthesia & Operative Services, Fort Sam Houston, Texas Position Status: This is a Permanent position. -- Full Time Number of Vacancy: 01 Duties: Leads 2-3 civilian personnel in accomplishing the work of the unit. The primary responsibility is to oversee personnel workload and section work processes that promotes efficiency and compliance. Responsibilities include but are not limited to: • Must maintain, order, receive, and verify quantity, quality, and storage of the supplies for the Operating Room, Central Materiel Section, Post-Anesthesia Care Unit, and Anesthesia Service in the Department of Anesthesia and Operative Services. • Monitors price changes and conducts inventories within PYXIS and the Vascular Room. Establishes, revises, and cancels stock levels on items based on demand. • Projects reorder requirements based on demand supported stock levels, expiration dates, and thorough...
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...scope of influence overseas. Hospitals are now sending surgeons overseas to perform surgical procedures with real time information being delivered back and forth electronically between physical locations. This allows major hospitals here at home to now compete internationally and push back against the increasing popular phenomenon known as medical tourism, the practice of seeking low-cost healthcare in foreign countries. The Cleveland Clinic not only engages in this practice but is now actively expanding and building hospitals overseas. Electronic medical records and medical robotics have allowed the Cleveland Clinic health system here in Ohio to monitor all procedures being done overseas and even allows surgeons here in the US to perform surgery on international patients from right here at home. The advancement of surgical robotics and information communication technologies have allowed surgeons to transcend traditionally human limitations. These new technologies allow major hospitals like the Cleveland Clinic to increase their capacity for competition in foreign countries. Having said that, the flattening of the industry also increases competition from foreign countries against major hospitals here at home. The flattening of the healthcare industry due to technological advancements hospitals here in the US will begin facing an increased amount of competition as other countries around the world invest more resources into becoming...
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...Jenny Ramos HCA 240 1/16/2013 Tirizia York Explanation of the Monthly Budget A variance report is a report where it demonstrates and compares the cost for our hospital. This reports shows what the budget was estimated for, the actual amount spent, and the variance. The variance means what we profited in or lost. I work in one the few bigger hospitals as a finance manager. There was recently a tornado that killed eight people, destroyed over a couple dozen homes, and injured about hundred people. Obviously, this was an unexpected event that had impacted my budget. Many of these patients did not have medical insurance, therefore, we were not receiving as much profit as we were losing. Even though my Vice President was aware of the tornado he asked me to explain and write out a variance report on why we went over our allowed budget. I wrote a letter of explanation for our Vice President which gives details on why did not meet our budget. This is a letter intended to explain why our monthly budget results were not as planned. For this month, we exceeded our monthly budget. This month our salary cost was higher than what was budgeted. Our budget count estimated for salary for our employees was 200,000 dollars. This budget was supposed to cover the salary for the whole hospital. The actual amount calculated was 240,000. The variance for this was 40,000 dollars. This means that our budget was exceeded by twenty percent. As you already know there was a tornado in our city...
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