...Anthropology is the study of different ways of life, both past and present. It is comparative and cross-cultural, combining elements form biology, sociology, psychology, and history into a grand synthesizing endeavor (Heider, 2007). The focus of this essay is to take a holistic approach to the culture of Bali. Bali is an island located in Indonesia. Bali is full of traditional culture, belief, arts and performance. There are five main topics I would like to cover in this essay. The first is Social organization, what kinds of structure to the Balinese have? The second two topics are family and religion, we will find out that the two go hand in hand. The fourth topic is food, or rice cultivation, which is an important staple in the country. Finally we will cover the topic of Art. Art is important not only to the culture, but also to its economy. Social organization: The way in which Balinese culture is subdivided into smaller groups whose membership is determined by kinship, age, location. Most of Balinese social organization starts with its religious community. Hinduism is the most common religion in Bali. Villages in Bali have many different kinds of temples, but they all have a pemangku (priest): the more important ones also have a klian (secretary) and a beddesa (calendrical expert). The klian and bedesa are elected; the pemangku may be designated by patrilineal succession, elected by the congregation or chosen by God through a possessed temple medium (Barth, 1993). There...
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...The main focus of this essay is to discuss how the two countries can benefit from consumption of both goods they produce through specialization and trade. In this particular case, the two countries are Sri Lanka and Kenya, and the both goods they produce through specialization and trade are rice and tea. Initially no trade occurs. Both countries are facing trade-offs between producing tea and rice, where trade-off is an exchange of one thing in return for another, especially relinquishment of one benefit or advantage for another regarded as more desirable. Sri Lanka is able to produce either 1,000 bags of rice or 3,000 bags of tea. Kenya is able to produce either 1,000 bags of rice or 1,000 bags of tea. Also given the condition the two countries have similar resource endowments, Sri Lanka was consuming 400 bags of rice and 1,800 bags of tea. Kenya was consuming 500 bags of rice and 500 bags of tea. The opportunity cost of producing 1 bag of rice for Sri Lanka is 3 bags of tea, compared to 1 bag of tea in Kenya. Comparative advantage here refers to the ability of a country to produce a good in a lower opportunity cost, and the opportunity cost is the best alternative that is forgone when making a decision. Thus Sri Lanka should specialize in producing tea, and Kenya should specialize in producing rice. Specialization is a method of production where a business or area focuses on the production of a limited scope of products or services in order to gain greater degrees of productive...
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...Mortgage rice price policy in Thailand and its hiding aim 08 Fall 08 Fall Abstract Thailand has had a great influence on the global rice market for decades due to its huge stock and export. Hence, the Thai government has intervened in the paddy rice market by introducing the mortgage rice price policy. The policy was first implemented in 1980 in order to resolve the low-price problem in the paddy rice market. However, in the 21st century the government attempted to re-issue the policy, even though the paddy rice market price was already high at that time, resulted in a marketing failure to both domestic and international markets. Furthermore, the cost of the policy was excessively high raising concerns that the main reasons for presenting the policy could not be purely economical. Therefore, I argue that there were political reasons behind the aim of amending the policy in 2001. This essay will examine this argument by providing the process of the policy, the effects and problems of the policy, the cost of the policy and the hidden aim of the policy. CONTENT * Introduction * The process of the mortgage rice price policy * The rice distribution system * The effects of the policy * The problems and errors of the policy * The cost of the policy * The hidden aim of the policy * Conclusion * References What was the main reason for presenting the mortgage rice price policy in...
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...The Threats to Global Food Supplies Weiwen Huang Student Number: 2171584 Class: Syllabus 4/1 Tutor: Siriol Lewis In the past half-century, food production had a significant growth. At the same time, the global demand for food rose rapidly. It is required more food supply to feed the global growing population. Thus the global population growth is the main factor of rising food need. It was predicted that the global population will reach over 9 billion people by 2050(Black, 2010 cited in Slaght, 2012, p.28). Another factor is that food consumption per person shows a rising trend with increased consumption of animal protein (Leaver, 2011). Therefore, the primary task of global food supplies is that making sure the global food production can match the global food demand. It is not easy to be done, because there are many menaces to global food provision. This essay will discuss some threats for food supplies and identify several solutions to make the assignment easier to be fulfilled. First of all, different resources constrict food production, such as land. It is well known that if food output want to be increase, it is necessary to increase the area of farmland. However, over the past 50 years the global farmland acreage just grew slightly, which did not match the growth of population. The agricultural land area for each person had fallen from 1.3 hectares to 0.72 hectares during 1967-2007. (Leaver, 2011) This means that average amount of food that can be consumed per person...
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...Discuss the antecedents of International Business Models. International business models can be classified into two main categories: country-based theories and firm-based theories. Country-based theories view business in a macro perspective from a point a view of a nation and focus on trading phenomenon particularly in exports and imports. While firm-based theories are modern theories that emerged after the Second World War as it views business in a micro perspective from the angle of a firm. Despite the different perspectives of firm-based theories and country-based theories, they are interlinked and complement each other. The firm-based theories were developed from classic country-based theories and supported with empirical research. Country-based theories are international business theories that argue on the evolvement of business since the 16th century. The theories are classical theories that derived from an economic perspective. There are 4 theories involved in country-based theories. They are Mercantilism Theory, Absolute Advantage Theory, Comparative Advantage Theory and Heckscher-Ohlin Theory. Firm-based theories attempt to explain business phenomena related to international trade. Mercantilism theory was the first theory of international business that emerged in England in the mid of 16th century. The principal affirmation of the theory was its gold and silver were the mainstays of national wealth and essential to dynamic business. It was a political economy...
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...grade of Non-GMO (California rice Industry against Liberty Link GMO contamination) medium and short grain paddy rice from local growers in the Sacramento Valley, California. They offer seed financing and competitive green freight rates in order to attract premium raw product. This company produces and specializes in Medium and short grain milled and brown rice. The company package and label their products. They work together with PG&E to implement energy plans through their operations. They are active participants in the PG&E’s ClimateSmartTM program, balancing their entire facility’s greenhouse emissions through energy and environmental conservation, restoration and protection projects to address climate change and reduce their carbon footprint. In addition, they work with local agricultural by-product agencies to make sure that all the rice produce at the mill enter the supply chain to be used also as livestock feed to fuel co-generation utility plants. (California Family Foods) The rice is transferred to the processing plant after being harvest where foreign objects (tree stomps, dirt, and stones) are removed; the husk (outer shell of the grain) is removed and the produce is called brown rice and it is ready for the milling process. This process removes the bran layer of rice turning it from brown to white. It goes to a polishing station where it is smoothened and given a shine look. Following is the grading which broken rice is separated out and also...
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...← Essay writing Topic: What pros might Cambodia get from ASEAN? Nowadays, it is well known that Cambodia is going to join with the ASEAN Economic Community in 2015, making every organization of the country are eager to develop and prepare in various ways to a par with international economics, politics, education and culture. It was also featured on the cultures of neighbouring countries. The majority point of ASEAN wants people, business, and many others organization in south East Asia become one. So, at this time, each country in south east Asia have to learn about ASEAN, but what is going to happen when ASEAN has started? , and is it good for people or business in Cambodia? So, they are sure that the prediction of ASEAN will be very great for almost every business in every single countries member. However, Cambodia is not ready for AEC in 2015 given its development status compared to the six older ASEAN members, because there are many constraints that Cambodia needs to address if it wants to have a successful integration into AEC 2015. While the quality of the Kingdom’s agricultural products and garments and textiles is sufficient, the quality of some other products is not so good. So, what pros might Cambodia get from ASEAN? First of all, human Resource in one nation is very important to develop the nation. After Khmer Rouge regime, nearly two million Cambodians including intellectuals, skilled workers, and ordinary people were killed and died of diseases...
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...inelastic. This essay will take the case of rice to explain the relevant factors that influence the price elasticity of supply and demand. The first thing to be discussed is demand elasticity. First factor is the number and closeness of substitute goods. The more substitutes they are for a good, the more alternatives for people to switch. In other words, there will be more competition. Greater competition will make the price elasticity of demand more elastic. (Grant and Vidler. 2000 Demand elasticities, Economics in context P36. Heinemann Educational) Returning to our examples of rice, there is less close substitute for rice and thus demand is relatively inelastic. Maybe bread and noodles can be the substitute of rice, but the person who likes eat rice would not change their habit so there will be less change in elastic. Second factor is the proportion of income spend on the good. “The higher the proportion of income we spend on a good, the more we will be forced to cut consumption when its price rises and the more elastic will be the demand.” (Sloman, J.2007. P56) An investigation shows that the average price of rice is 5 Yuan and the average income of people is 9000 Yuan every month. We spend a tiny fraction of our income on it, so rice is an inelastic good. Moreover, necessity is another factor. As we all know, food is really important in our life, people cannot live without food and rice is a kind of main food for human beings. So food must be inelastic. Suppose if rice is elastic...
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... 3 Graph 2 food price since 1990 3 Graph 3 wheat future US 4 Main body 4 The influence of the price of petrol on biofuels in long-term 4 Graph 4 America bio-ethanol output 5 The subsequent effect on food price 5 Graph 5 percentage of main biofuel production country 5 Table 1 Wheat production and consumption 7 Discussion 9 Evaluation 9 Graph 6 China food price 10 Conclusion 11 References 11 Introduction This essay will reveal the relationship between price of petrol, biofuels and food; and use evidence to proof the argument that increasing price of biofuels have limited effect of food price. The effect of China in biofuels will present as follow also. Firstly, is main body and this part shows the effect of biofuels. Second part is discussion of the extent level that...
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...cultural practices Issues in Behavioral Science Jamie B BSN 06/18/2014 Western Governor’s University In this essay, I will discuss the matter of Globalization of two nations, South Korea and India. Globalization can be defined as, in simple terms, as the process of making something, anything available worldwide. It is a collaboration between countries, exchanging goods, services, workers, ideas, and even culture, which allow a multitude of opportunities to anyone to enjoy, from anywhere in the world (dictionary.com, n.d.). Globalization can been seen different depending on where you are from. It can cause issues for more traditional societies such as losing ancient customs and values. Although there are many, South Korea and India are examples of two non-western cultures that have been impacted by globalization in which I will look at each country before globalization and the effects of globalization it has now. A1. Circumstances before and after event Before globalization, South Korea was considered a very isolated society (Ruediger, 2006), with deep cultural ideas, and one of the poorest countries in the world with most of its culture being based on farming rice. It was said that rice farming was more than just farming in was a way of life for the South Korean people. The majority of the population of South Korea was committed to growing rice, with rice being to major farming product. In the later part of the 1980’s, globalization was introduced to South Korea....
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...LA TROBE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND FINANCE SEMESTER ONE 2009 MID-SEMESTER EXAMINATION ECO2IBE: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENVIROMENT Time Allowed: ONE (1) hour Reading time: 15 minutes This examination contributes 20 per cent of the assessment Pens, pencils and erasers (rubbers), and unmarked non-electronic English dictionaries are allowed. Students from non-English speaking backgrounds can bring unmarked non-electronic translation dictionaries Candidates must answer ALL questions Q1 (10 marks), Q2 (10 marks) This paper has THREE pages, including this one. Question 1 – very brief answers please 1) Globalisation refers to the process of moving towards a more integrated and inter-dependent world economy. What are two main drivers of globalisation? (1 mark) 2) Suppose that prior to NAFTA the USA produced its own textiles at a higher cost than Mexico, but imports them from Mexico after NAFTA. Is the USA worse off or better off? Is this a case of trade diversion or trade creation? (1 mark) 3) Suppose the USA had 20% duty on all imported textiles before NAFTA and it imported its textiles from China. After NAFTA, it imports from Mexico. Is there any trade diversion? (1 mark) 4) The USA has a highly skilled labour force and has lots of capital. China has a lot of cheap, unskilled labour compared with the USA. A fellow student, David, tells you that according to the Ricardian model of comparative advantage based...
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...genetically modified (GM) food has entered the global food market in early mid 1990s and corn, rice, canola oil and soybeans become among the first FDA-approved Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), large companies such as Monsanto, Nestle and PepsiCo experienced cost benefits with these new ingredients and the trend has quickly spread to other sects of the food industry. Genetically modified food can be defined as organisms in which genetic material has been altered by recombinant DNA technology. It sparks controversy among agricultural sectors. Some may advocate that such biotechnology generates a set of potential benefits to producers or consumers with cheaper production costs and food attribute enhancements while others may dispute the possible costs of unintended allergic responses, long-term health and environmental effects, ethical or moral issues. Consumers’ perceptions of these potential benefits and costs shape market responses to the new technologies and eventually determine how widely the technology is adopted. This essay will discuss the issues around genetic modification of food and the impact of them on how food is marketed globally. Table 1 below shows the PESTLE analysis to examine the external environment for GM food. Politically, GMOs regulations differ in countries, with marked differences between US and EU. Many GM plants including varieties of soya bean, cotton, maize and rice not authorised for use in the EU, have been approved for growing in some major commodity-exporting...
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...What is ‘globalisation’ and is it good for society? This essay explores the concept of globalisation and whether it is beneficial to society. The essay will consist of the introduction, conclusion and three sections. Section one will define the main terms. Section two will explore the advantages of globalisation and section three considers the criticisms of globalisation. The main thrust is presented, as globalisation is good for society even though it does have some significant and dire consequences. This section looks to explore what globalisation is and define the main terms within the question. Globalisation is an abstract and complex idea; therefore it is difficult to have one general definition of the term. For some people globalisation refers to Americanization whereas to others it refers to integration of the world’s economies into one central global economy. (Pavcnik N. , 2011)The Oxford Dictionary defines it as ‘the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.’ (Dictionary, 2012)There are however various factors, which are influenced by globalisation and each of these would provide different definitions of globalisation. These factors are political, economic, social, cultural and technological factors all of which help establish links between nations. (Webster, 2009)Furthermore it is also difficult to categorise the globe as one general society. Each society differs from one another...
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...The relation between imperial state and economic expansion in Sung dynasty Introduction: The economy of China under the Sung dynasty (960–1279) of China was marked by commercial expansion, financial prosperity, increased international trade-contacts, and a revolution in agricultural productivity. This dynasty had one of the most prosperous and advanced economies in the medieval world. Private finance grew, stimulating the development of a country-wide market network which linked the coastal province with the interior. This phenomena can be linked to the Chinese imperial state variously. This essay will analyze this situation in three parts, political environment, development of markets and technology, population growth and urbanization. The political environment is beneficial to economy (e.g. in Hsiao-Tsung’s case): The great economic expansion in sung dynasty was contributed from the stable political environment. In this section the Hsiao-Tsung’s reign will serve as the example case and be analyzed in the following paragraphs. The reason why choose it is that this reign is the most prosperous and tranquil reign in South Sung dynasty, which was depicted as the ‘golden age’ of this dynasty. To start with, generally speaking, the political trend which the political climate became increasingly conservative in its...
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...Documented Essay Vertical Farming and its Contribution to Minimizing Jamaica’s Food Import Crisis Abstract Jamaica has not been able to meet the demands for food for its population and its visitors. The purpose of this research is to identify a solution for Jamaica’s dependence of attaining agricultural produce from external sources. This is achieved through vertical farming, the process of growing plants and animals in high rise buildings or cultivating upward in an isolated greenhouse. Numerous literature and statistical data are analyzed. Jamaica, over half a century, is faced with the high price of importation; however, the execution of vertical farming aims to reduce import costs. Through assessing the progress of vertical farming in Singapore, a resolution for Jamaica is made; not only satisfying population consumption, but allowing businesses to profit from the introduced farming technique. The plan is to achieve success in more areas than one with vertical farming. However, if implemented and the venture fails, there will be no returns on the capital invested. In Jamaica, decades ago, subsistence farming provided food for farmers and their families. With rising populations, and lack of access to fertile soil for many, this method had been somewhat inadequate. Transitioning to traditional commercial farming is also not able to sufficiently provide for populated centres. With a rise in the modern technology of vertical farming in Jamaica, food availability concerns will...
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