...2 Name(s): Date: Read the following argumentative essay and complete the outline. REPLACED BY A ROBOT Ever since the invention of computers, technology has done more and more of the job of the average worker. From mathematical calculations to mailing lists, computers have become more efficient, in more areas, than their human colleagues. Although some argue that computers will never replace people, others are concerned about the advanced robotic technology that computers make possible. Indeed, it is likely that the use of more and better robots will someday result in fewer jobs for humans. However, this should not be seen as a problem. Rather, as technology improves, employers in all fields should look to maximize their robotic workforce and minimize human error. Until now, many have argued that robots can only replace humans in certain less-skilled jobs. They might, for example, be able to perform routine tasks on an assembly line. These opponents of a mechanized workforce may not be aware that technology has progressed in the areas of decision-making and creativity. Some robots’ work in these areas is almost equal to that of humans. In fact, some interactive computers are so well-designed that it will soon be possible to talk with them almost endlessly before realizing that they are not human (Loftus). A computer even won the game show Jeopardy not long ago. These computers are clearly capable of more than simple tasks. Others argue that, even though...
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...Human and Machine Intelligence Essay I have been tasked with examining the root similarities and differences between human and machine intelligence. This is no small feat considering the copious amounts of scientific and philosophical information attributed to each, including fact, speculation, conviction, or otherwise. Defining intelligence alone has been historically subjected to great debate; add to that the hypotheticals of artificial intelligence and a whole new scale of complications become apparent. Through the course of this essay Team C will analyze and discuss a handful of key variables pertaining to biological (human or human-like) and mechanical intelligences, including their presumed natures and components, etc., and in the case of machines current achievements, ambitions, and the direction of development. With greater understanding of the elements of each, Team C can begin to compare and contrast the two with as much precision as possible, given the level of uncertainty. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been a difficult goal to reach for scientists. Major milestones have been crossed on the road to true AI. According to Anthony Tongen, “In 1999, a group of scientists from Emory University and Georgia Tech made a calculator (called the “leechulator”) with neurons taken from leeches” (Tongen, 2003). This adaptation of biological components and mechanical material strikes major ground in the collective effort to reach true melding of flesh and machine. By 2010 Swedish...
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...Ali Amjid Ms. Fera ENG4U0 December.2/2013 ISU Essay Two hundred years ago, seventy percent of American workers lived on a farm. Today automation has eliminated all but one percent of their jobs, in replacement we now have machines. In the last couple of decades, technology has taken massive strides and grown immensely. Communication is easier, more gadgets are available and tasks are becoming easier through technology. However, nothing is perfect and technological advancements will have many negative impacts on society. Complex robots and machines are being made daily and sold to companies who are replacing factory workers. Machines work more efficient than humans and do the work without major drawbacks. The book Player Piano, and the movie i, Robot display a dystopian world run by machines and robots. Player Piano is set in a world where machines are replacing every human laborer, and the only humans surviving are the machine engineers. In i, Robot, robots have been given to every household in Chicago but there are problems that come with such a luxury. To add on, the articles "Better than human: why robots will - and must - take our jobs" and an article by Forbes.com mention the harmful effects of automation, and what the scary future may look like. The significant growth, productivity, and reliability of robots and machines will soon replace most human labor and make it difficult to find employment. Despite the great advantages of using technology; the more it develops...
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...bodies. Robots on SCM Obviously, it hasn’t turned out that way. It is true that industrial robots have transformed the manufacture of automobiles, among other products. But that kind of automation is a far cry from the versatile, mobile, autonomous creations that so many scientists and engineers have hoped for. In pursuit of such robots, waves of researchers have grown disheartened and scores of start-up companies have gone out of business. It is not the mechanical “body” that is unattainable; articulated arms and other moving mechanisms adequate for manual work already exist, as the industrial robots attest. Rather it is the computer-based artificial brain that is still well below the level of sophistication needed to build a humanlike robot. Nevertheless, I am convinced that the decades-old dream of a useful, general-purpose autonomous robot will be realized in the not too distant future. By 2010 we will see mobile robots as big as people but with cognitive abilities similar in many respects to those of a lizard. The machines will be capable of carrying out simple chores, such as vacuuming, dusting, delivering packages and taking out the garbage. By 2040, I believe, we will finally achieve the original goal of robotics and a thematic mainstay of science fiction: a freely moving machine with the intellectual capabilities of a human being. Reason for Optimism on Robotics Future When it comes to robots, reality still lags science fiction. But, just because robots have not...
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...their jobs because Britain’s textile industry was more efficient than a self employed tailor and the quality was still pretty high. They became obsolete very quickly and if they didn’t find another job, the children and families of these tailors would soon starve or become homeless. As more technologies were invented during the Industrial Revolution, more and more professions became outdated which forced many people to become unemployed. What people don’t realize is that we are still facing the same problem 200 years later. Technology is slowly replacing human jobs in order to make production and services cheaper and more efficient. Based on history, becoming replaced by a machine is inevitable to many people in many areas of work. Although technology is creating jobs, at the same time it is killing them off at an even greater rate. Many people are finding themselves no longer needed to carry out the same job that would be impossible without them 15 years ago. “In the United States, half of the 7.5 million jobs lost during the Great Recession paid middle-class wages, and the numbers are even more grim in the 17 European countries that use the euro as their currency. A total of 7.6 million mid-pay jobs disappeared in those countries from January 2008 through last June. Those jobs are being replaced in many cases by machines and software that can do the same work better and cheaper.” (The Associated Press, Can smart machines take...
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...“You cannot get out of computers any more than you put in. Other versions are that computers only do exactly what you tell them to, and that therefore computers are never creative. The cliché is true only in the crashingly trivial sense, the same sense in which Shakespeare never wrote anything except what his first schoolteacher taught him to write—words”. Richard Dawkins The human race since the beginning of time has always had the deep urge to control, to name, to create ultimately in his own viewpoint as he was formed from God. Man forges his own purpose from the desires of his imagination and the rare strength of his will to create. His implements have been modified as time has gone on, but his longing, his passion to create; to change his world has not. The paper will address Artificial Intelligence from several aspects. The history, the key players, everyday uses, technologies and the future will be conversed. Definition Artificial intelligence is defined as the study of intelligent behavior and the attempt to find ways in which such behavior could be engineered in any type of artifact. Simply is the act of putting human intelligence into a machine. AI is a major section of computer science dealing with the reformation of intelligent behavior in computers: the capability of a machine to emulate intelligent human behavior. It can be correlated to the parallel task of using computers to understand human intelligence; however AI does not have to limit itself to methods...
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...management by Fredrick Taylor who saw workers more as robots than people and human relations approach by Elton Mayo who saw his worker more as social people than as robots. In this essay, I would show the differences between management science and human relations. One of the differences between human relations and scientific management is that Human relations are based on motivation, group motivation, leader and most importantly the relationship between the employer and the employee. Mayo saw the workers as human beings and in order for the business to achieve its goals, the business organization must try understanding and respecting the emotions and satisfying of needs of the workers that are not monetary (Khan, 2008). Scientific management is based mostly on workers working at their fullest potential in order to achieve maximum productivity, Taylor saw the workers as machines that are meant to be given instructions on how to perform tasks without considering their human side. Another difference is the use of time and motion studies scientific management method involves time and motion studies which is basically a method of creating a standard for employee productivity through breaking down of task to its easiest form in a manner in which there is no wasted motion while the exact time for each correct movement is being measured to ensure the task is being done in the best possible way (Enock, 2006) while human relations while human relations method does not involve time and motion...
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...automated machines rather than human beings. Robots build cars and other goods on assembly lines, where once there were human workers. Many of our phone conversations are now conducted not with people but with sophisticated technologies. We can now buy goods at a variety of stores without the help of a human cashier. Automation is generally seen as a sign of progress, but what is lost when we replace humans with machines? Given the accelerating variety and prevalence of intelligent machines, it is worth examining the implications and meaning of their presence in our lives. Read and carefully consider these perspectives. Each suggests a particular way of thinking about the increasing presence of intelligent machines. Perspective One What we lose with the replacement of people by machines is some part of our own humanity. Even our mundane daily encounters no longer require from us basic courtesy, respect, and tolerance for other people. Perspective Two Machines are good at low-skill, repetitive jobs, and at high-speed, extremely precise jobs. In both cases they work better than humans. This efficiency leads to a more prosperous and progressive world for everyone. Perspective Three Intelligent machines challenge our long-standing ideas about what humans are or can be. This is good because it pushes both humans and machines toward new, unimagined possibilities. Essay Task Write a unified, coherent essay in which you evaluate multiple...
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...bringing my writing skills up. My skills have gotten better in the aspect of morale, explaining, and focus. My last writing class was over a year ago and that was more of a research paper more than an actual focus on my writing skills. What I mean by that is I wasn’t just writing down just an explanation from a book but instead I was using this chance to experience a different in writing assignments. My first week back in writing wasn’t my best week due to my lack in practicing my skills but with just a week or two it came back to me. I started to remember to write out the end plan instead of writing what just comes to mind; which usually got me lost halfway through. The class was also a...
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...Computers Will Replace Human Teachers (Final Essay) Mao Mao Professor Barzso English 105 4 May 2006 Image this: a student sits in front of a computer at home, looking at the screen. On the screen, there is a simulation of computer climate and crop model. The simulation predicts that excess rainfall may cause an estimated loss of $5 billion in agricultural production. In addition, a “virtual” (virtual: created, simulated, or carried on by means of a computer or computer network. (Online Degree Zone)) teacher provides a clear guidance. That student enjoys the lively class, and could learn both geography and economics at the same time. This situation will come to true in several years, and at that time, learning could be much easier and more interesting. There is no doubt that technology can improve our lives. Historically, humans have used a range of technologies to mediate between themselves and the world. Technologies such as writing, printing, telegraphy, radio, film, television and computers have improved communications and have become a normal component of daily life. (Russell) In the late 20th Century, the rapid development of computers and their use in school education has received a lot of attention. Recently, a range of applications has come to school, such as simulations, games and learning information by the World Wide Web. Beside these, a number of educational providers have launched various forms of “virtual” schools. In the future, students may study...
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...think about the threat of Artificial Intelligence? Artificial Intelligence is definitely a touchy subject for the human race. The very mention of the term conjures up images of apocalyptic societies where intelligent super-computers have either enslaved the human race or eradicated the inferior species altogether. For some, the connotation of "artificial intelligence" attacks the very core of the human spirit, the pride of our race. The very thought of an "intelligent" computer that is on par, or more likely superior, to our own brain sends chills down the spine. Are these concerns realistic? Or are they unfounded worries of people who don't understand the issue? Some proponents of artificial intelligence insist that such concerns are the result of semantic misunderstanding. By definition, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the area of computer science focusing on creating machines that can engage on behaviors that humans consider intelligent ("Artificial Intelligence”, Herzfeld Noreen). The ability to create intelligent machines has intrigued humans since ancient times and today with the advent of the computer and 50 years of research into AI programming techniques, the dream of smart machines is becoming a reality (Nonlinear Science and Complexity, M. Marques). Researchers are creating systems which can mimic human thought, understand speech, beat the best human chess player, and countless other feats never before possible. The next paragraphs will be focused on the history...
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...Robots are taking over jobs because they can perform them faster and better than humans. The increase in productivity due to mechanization and automation might create opportunities to remake societies, adapting them to the new technologies. This will reduce poverty and misery around the world, with the consequent decrease in the frequency of armed conflicts. The protection of our environment and our biosphere, for that matter, cannot be fully accomplished without the development of new, more advanced technologies. Technologies like the internet, for example, made it possible for billions of people to communicate and trade on a global scale. Some people believe that technology is negatively affecting our capacity for concentration and deep thought but in reality, we are not fully certain of that because we are not completely aware of how our brain react to the existent technologies or the introduction of new ones. New technologies have augmented our learning capacity, while making it easier for us to adapt to changes. So, we are not racing against the machines, but racing with the machines, in a man-machine symbiotic relationship toward a better...
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...and changes in the economic times. Through much reading and access to large bulk of information, I created a superhero, Bosco Genius, a guy who awakens in the morning with a 100 percent access to his brain power. The state realizes and becomes aware of the existence of Bosco. They look for him but with his expertise skills and ability, he dodges the men in black and also fends off the middle school tormentors. The whole process torn the writer or the creator into a rhetoric existence because of the complexity nature of the study. It is reported once that the robotics destroyed and killed human beings within the company. The information was unsubstantiated and untrue since it was maliciously spread to negate the importance of the robots. As a rhetoric, such an instance has never happened and no person has lost life in the company. The three laws of robotics cannot allow them to harm humans and therefore, the information revealed to the public is false and faulty. As a company we have dealt in robotics and they have served to increase the performance of the labour force. However, the public force has a resistance towards the robotics with several claims that the robotics have an effect on the cultural and social setting of the society. The loggerhead position of the public towards the robotics and the whole company has created poor working relation and existence between the two entities. As a rhetoric, I have to work towards...
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...write them out in essay form. The begun of the cyborgs unplugged, they started to talk about the two main people that create the cyborgs project. The two people were very important to this project because not only they made the cyborgs; they made something that most people would not have made. The idea was to create a cyborg with animals and machines that will response in section they create it for. The cyborg they waned to create was a man-machine hybrid that would become an artifact-organism system in what is an implanted electronic device. The device was to have a bodily feedback singles that would automatically response to the wakefulness and metabolism and even the respiration, heart rate, but other as well that would be feedbacks signals. Also explain how the device work as in if its was a toilet seat that would be flush. The way the toilet seat that flush: It would have a to be flush in order to have the water flows into the ballcock and than the water would be riding on the rising tide, which would reaches to the preset level and than after that it would thus recloses the valve. This is like systems that are like homestatically being controlled. 1. Summarize the distinction from the traditional Klines & Clines definition of the cyborg vs. the one that Clark is proposing? 2. What kind of model might you have that is different than this? The other way to see the different from this as in cyborgs is like: Robocop that is half machine/human form that is base...
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...Thus, general feeling on those years, thoughts of nuclear launching, mass poverty increasing and army ascendancy influent peoples, as recurrent nightmares take ones concerned in spiral of pessimism. Furthermore, in techno sciences, the human factor[] can only be surrounded by “crazy guard”; fact is that the human mass comportment is not predictable. This is why predict the future cannot forejudge on the human behavior but on the technology progress. This finding is particularly obvious when those two novels are compared with pure science fiction anticipation novels like Stand on Zanzibar (John Brunner, 1968) and Paris in the Twentieth Century (Jules Verne, book written in 1863). These four novels serve as examples for this essay because although they were written a long time ago, they depict a specifically dated future that allow a contemporary reader to corroborate and witness the reality of events that occurred at the specific time anticipated by the authors. A careful review of the political context of the time The Penultimate Truth and 1984 are written and an objective comparison of the visions of the future in each novel demonstrate that they should not be considered as science fiction novels as the future is either...
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