...Abstract This essay will cover the history of Municipal solid waste (MSW) as well as how their facilities have changed due to environmental reforms. Various types of waste facilities will be defined along with what has been changed to help keep the environment and population safe from the hazardous chemicals. Lastly, one facility will be explored and their preventative measures will be explored. Municipal Solid Waste Solid waste is a persistent, part of our lives, yet it goes unnoticed. Today, many countries are facing an approaching crisis in the management of solid waste as many waste disposal sites are nearing their capacity and the contents are continually degrading the environment. However, new and advanced solid waste management systems can help to reduce solid waste disposal, and subsequently minimize environmental and health impacts. Unlike decades before, new legislation has been proposed, and highly regulated to ensure better management of waste. Most widely referred to as nuisances, open dump sites can be found on both private and public property; sides of the road, ditches, river/creek beds, secluded forest/woods, back yards, and empty lots. (Illinois EPA, 2011). All of these hazards can cause detrimental harm to plant and wildlife habitats as well as significantly reduce the quality of life in the nearby communities. (Illinois EPA, 2011), (Hamilton County Public Health, 2007) The early landfills were heavily associated with environmental problems. When...
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...of large amount of waste, then identify different ways to reducing the amount of waste people produce. By Latchaya Paknam Earth is confronting with many environmental crises, for instance global warming, overpopulation, resources depletion, energy and pollution. Luis F. diaz (2011) points out “These crises are interrelated and connected to waste and waste management”. World bank (2012) states that “Currently, world cities generate about 1.3 billion tonnes of solid waste per year. This volume is expected to increase to 2.2 billion tonnes by 2025.” Large amount of waste generated leads to serious problems. The world immediately needs effective sustainable methods to tackle this problem for our next generation. Firstly, this essay will examine 3main impacts of waste disposal and then will provide effective solutions based on this examine. Waste is not always a broken or expiration but waste is unwanted or un-useful material that human throws away. Waste disposal causes enormous environmental impacts. The first impact is Environmental impact. Waste creation drains a large number of natural resources. Giljum et al.,(2008),cited in Zaman, Lehmann 2013,p.124) state that a great deal of natural resources are consumed daily. 120-130 billion tonnes of those raw materials are used for news products and generate approximately 3.4 to billion tonnes of municipal solid waste every year. Energy is one of the resources significantly depleted by deposing waste. According to Zaman...
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...SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR SMALL HOTELS JESSICA MOULD OKANAGAN COLLEGE Introduction Tourism is “one of the world’s fastest-growing industries”; as of 2012, “global tourism accounts for 1.2 trillion dollars (USD) in exports annually, 9% of worldwide GDP and is responsible for one out of every 12 jobs” [ (Canadian Tourism Commission, 2013) ]. Ninety percent of hotels worldwide are small hotels, e.g. hotels with less than 50 rooms (Radwan et al., 2010, p. 179). This essay addresses the problems associated with solid waste produced by the hotel industry including the difficulties faced by small hotels in managing their solid waste and ultimately describes benefits and solutions for sustainable waste management by small hotels. Waste minimizatioin is priority area 1 on Agenda 21 for the Travel and Tourism Industry [ (Stipanuk, 2006, p. 89) ]. The objective of priority area 1 is “to minimize resource inputs, maximize product quality, and minimize waste outputs” [ (Stipanuk, 2006, p. 89) ]. Waste is defined as “unused material produced as a result of inefficient production and/or consumption practices” that “puts economic and environmental costs on society through its collection, treatment and disposal” (Radwan et al., 2012, p. 535). “Waste can be regarded as a human concept as there appears to be no such thing as waste in nature” where “waste products created by a natural process or organism quickly become the raw products used by other processes and organisms”(Full Cycle...
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...focus on AP Indian National Movement. 4. World Geography and Geography of India with a focus on AP. 5. Indian polity and Economy – including the country’s political system- rural development – Planning and economic reforms in India. 6. Mental ability – reasoning and inferences. 7. DISASTER MANAGEMENT (Source : CBSE Publications) 1. Concepts in disaster management and vulnerability profile of India / State of A.P. 2. Earth quakes / Cyclones / Tsunami / Floods / Drought – causes and effects. 3. Man made disasters - Prevention strategies. 4. Mitigation strategies / Mitigation measures MAIN EXAMINATION (CONVENTIONAL TYPE) GENERAL ENGLISH (X CLASS STANDARD, QUALIFYING FOR INTERVIEW) 1. Comprehension 2. Precis-writing 3. Re-arrangement of sentences 4. Correction of sentences 5. Synonyms 6. Antonyms 7. Filling in the blanks 8. Correction of spellings 9. Vocabulary and usage 10. Idioms and phrases 11. Verb tenses 12. Prepositions 13. Active voice and Passive voice 14. Parts of speech PAPER-I GENERAL ESSAY (Candidate should write three Essays one from each section compulsorily. Each section contains three topics. Each Essay carries 50 marks.) SECTION-I : Crisis management, Social problems, Analysis and solutions. SECTION-II : Current events of national and international...
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...4/14/2015 Essay on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Clean India Mission Essay Search Home Festivals Events Social Issues ► Hindi Essay ► Rural India ► It in India Essay Speech Quotes Rhymes ► Tree India Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Essay Essay on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a cleanliness campaign run by the government of India and initiated by the Honourable Prime Minister, Narendra Modi. It is a most important topic which our kids and students must know and be aware of this mission. It is a general topic which students are generally given in their schools to write or say something on Swachh Bharat or Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. We have provided below some simply written essays on this topic in order to make your kids gets participated in the essay writing competition or competitions. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Essay 1 (100 words) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is also called as the Clean India Mission or Clean India drive or Swachh Bharat Campaign. It is a national level campaign run by the Indian Government to cover all the backward statutory towns to make them clean. This campaign involves the construction of latrines, promoting sanitation programmes in the rural areas, cleaning streets, roads and changing the infrastructure of the country to lead the country ahead. This campaign was th officially launched by the Prime Minister, Narendra Modi on 145 birth anniversary of the Mahatma nd Gandhi on 2 of October...
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...U2IP: The Benefits of Recycling AIU Online Outline I. Is recycling beneficial? Yes. Recycling is the process of turning products that are considered to be waste into valuable resources. This process will reduce the amount of waste that goes into our land. Recycling will promote environmental awareness and provide more job opportunities. A. Recycling has been around for centuries. In Roman times bronze items were melted down for perpetual use. It wasn’t until the first Earth Day in 1970 that people really started to pay attention. Because of the mass modern era, disposable goods have created the necessity for a greater amount of landfills. In 1980, people in the U.S sent almost 150 million tons of garbage to the landfills each year. Even though recycling diverted 32% of the waste, 68% still ended up in landfills due to electronics being disposed of. Today, we now have ways to recycle those electronics. (DoSomething.org) B. The environmental, political, and economical situations would all benefit from the recycling industry. II. Recycling will help keep the environment safe and clean from dangerous pollutions. A. Landfills are where all our waste goes. Dangerous gases and pollution comes from these landfills and can contaminate our land and natural water sources. B. With less need for landfills there would be more land and less worry for pollution. C. By recycling, we would be able to prevent global warming. III. Raising...
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...Anaerobic Digestion Submitted by: Submitted on: Overview This essay studies the present status of the technology in Anaerobic Digestion in US. In the first section the general process of anaerobic digestion is described. Anaerobic Digestion is basically the decomposition of organic wastes in the absence of oxygen. A brief appraisal is provided about the current position of Anaerobic Digestion in the US energy Production. Then in the next section, the technological challenges of the Anaerobic Digestion are considered. The example of the usage of Anaerobic Digestion technology is discussed and the benefits of this technology. Also the demerits of this technology for the production of biogas are examined. Finally the current improvement in anaerobic digestion technologies in US is analyzed. Introduction The Anaerobic Digestion is defined as the biodegradation of organic material that takes place in the absence of oxygen and in the presence of anaerobic microorganisms. The whole process proceeds in the series of metabolic reactions with the help of microorganisms. The organic material which is decomposed is generally the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). This is the waste produced by the society excluding agriculture and industrial wastes. So, the waste that comes under MSW is commercial waste like from shops, markets, stores, hotels or residential waste from houses or institutional waste from hospitals, schools. The process of anaerobic Digestion completes in four...
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...Strategic Management Report – an External Environment Analysis Hsinyin Tan Strategic Management Report – an External Environment Analysis This essay will provide two aspects of environmental assessments undertaken on 800 Super Holdings Limited (800): a macro-environmental PESTEL analysis, and an industry analysis using Porter’s Five Forces of how 800 fairs in today’s competitive environment. 800 Super Holdings Limited 800 is a home grown company with humble beginnings in 1986 before its IPO offering and listing on the SGX-Catalist on 15 July 2011. An established integrated environmental solutions provider, 800’s business lies in waste management (WM) and recycling, cleaning and conservancy; and horticultural services. With its broad range of services, 800’s customer base is diverse and ranges from municipals to the industrial, institutional and commercial sectors (800 super, 2015). 800 has posted healthy profits year after year, with FY2014 revenue increasing 17.9% to S$115 million and net profit after tax improving 57.1% to $9.1 million (Chairman Statement, 2014); as of HY2015, revenue has already increased 95.4% to S$12.3 million, pushing current net profit to S$4.6 million (800 super, 2015). 800’s recent prominent deals include a Ministry of Home Affairs S$38.6 million three-year contract for cleaning and horticultural services in the East and West regions (shareinvestor, 2015). Winning two out of eight integrated public cleaning (IPC) seven-year contracts in the...
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...set to hog the limelight in this century. Almost all the countries suffer from such problem and are struggling to keep their heads over the water. This essay will cover two types of air pollutants and two water pollutants that affect our health. Air: (Indicate whether the selected air pollutants are considered primary or secondary pollutants. Be sure to explain why they are considered to be primary or secondary, and discuss the sources of these pollutants) (Examine the selected water pollutants. Discuss the sources of these pollutants, and indicate the impact of these pollutants on water resources and aquatic life) Air pollution is something in the air that causes harm to humans or the environment. There are many different forms of air pollutants and these are broken down further into primary and secondary pollutants. A primary pollutant is something that stems directly from a source such as volcanic ash or vehicle emissions. A secondary pollutant forms when two pollutants react in the atmosphere such as acid rain. Most air pollution comes from one human activity: burning fossil fuels, natural gas, coal, and oil to power industrial processes and motor vehicles. Among the harmful chemical compounds this burning puts into the atmosphere are carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and tiny solid particles including lead from gasoline additives called particulates. Between 1900 and 1970, motor vehicle use rapidly expanded, and emissions of nitrogen...
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...Title of Your Essay Your Name Course Number & Title Instructor's Name Month Day, Year REASON 1 – Logistics cost – The first and foremost reason of not purchasing directly from a manufacturer is that the cost of logistics would be saved. When a trader purchase goods directly from wholesaler they can purchase in less quantity as compared to that of the manufacturer. The higher the quantity the higher would be the cost of logistic (Zikmund and Stanton 1971). The logistics cost would decrease the profit margin of the trader. It is not only about the cost but the problems and responsibility also gets increased. The trader then has to take care of the stored goods and also incur expenses to keep them safe. REASON 2-Unbounded purchase quantity- When a trader buys goods from a wholesaler it is not mandatory to buy a huge number of quantities. Although there is a prescribed number of units that are mandatory for a trader to buy from a wholesaler but it is lower than that of the quantity purchased from the manufacturer. If the purchase is made directly from a manufacture then again there would be a problem of large order. This is another reason why Mal wants to avoid purchasing directly from the factory (Lammers T. 1995). One reason associated with this is also that the trader has to pay several months advance to book the goods he wants to purchase. This adversely affects the credit cycle of the firm. REASON 3- Better choice of products- A wholesaler has so many brands of...
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...this raw into new article” (Healey, 1999). People’s desire is limitless, but the resources in the world are not infinite. In daily life, there are so many products that can be seen everywhere, for instance, glass, paper, steel, plastic products and rubber products. Hence, ignoring recycling is a large waste, that means just throwing garbage or disposing of it in landfills which is not a permanent solution. As the impassioned discussion over the issue of recycling comes into the spot light of the world, it has long been asserted that the issue of recycling in modern times is very important. Recycling makes participants feel fine, and is considered by some to be a moral responsibility, which has become a ‘social norm’ (BIEC, 1997). This essay will try to demonstrate three main benefits of recycling including its important role in economies, environment and energy-saving. Recycling generates substantial economic benefits and it has made a vital contribution to job creation and economic development. A great illustration of it is that recycling helps people save money and creates jobs in waste management and manufacturing industries. Recycling programs cost less to operate than waste collection, land filling and incineration. According to Beck (2001), there are direct impacts and indirect impacts of recycling. In Massachusetts, recycling saves $557 million annual payroll and $3.5 billion revenues, which contributes to rendering roughly $64 million in state tax receipts. Indirect impacts...
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...Essay on Native American Environmental Issues by David R. Lewis This essay is taken from Native America in the Twentieth Century: An Encyclopedia, edited by Mary B. Davis and published in 1994 by Garland Publishers of New York. The encyclopedia includes additional essays on mining, natural resource management, hunting and fishing rights, and economic development. It's a highly recommended resource. Reprinted without permission for educational purposes. Traditionally Native Americans have had an immediate and reciprocal relationship with their natural environments. At contact, they lived in relatively small groups close to the earth. They defined themselves by the land and sacred places, and recognized a unity in their physical and spiritual universe. Their cosmologies connected them with all animate and inanimate beings. Indians moved in a sentient world, managing its bounty and diversity carefully lest they upset the spirit "bosses," who balanced and endowed that world. They acknowledged the power of Mother Earth and the mutual obligation between hunter and hunted as coequals. Indians celebrated the earth's annual rebirth and offered thanks for her first fruits. They ritually addressed and prepared the animals they killed, the agricultural fields they tended, and the vegetal and mineral materials they processed. They used song and ritual speech to modify their world, while physically transforming that landscape with fire and water, brawn and brain. They did not passively...
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...environmental, moral and ethics matters. The awareness towards altruist actions is rising up within company’s management board; they understood the need to take care of the surrounding. Practically speaking, companies are actively participating into funding or sponsoring specific social or environmental projects. They may even create their own foundation in order to take care of underprivileged communities. The awareness towards altruist actions is rising up within company’s management board; they understood the need to take care of the surrounding. Practically speaking, companies are actively participating into funding or sponsoring specific social or environmental projects. They may even create their own foundation in order to take care of underprivileged communities. Charity Charity Promotional Promotional Strategic Strategic Means aligning issues such as water, health and poverty with the core business of the company and mostly through adherence to CSR codes and the application of social and environmental management programs, which typically involve phases of CSR policy expansion, objective and target setting, program execution, inspecting and reporting. Means aligning issues such as water, health and poverty with the core business of the company and mostly through adherence to CSR codes and the application of social and environmental management...
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...non-replenish resources. As we know, Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) has shown up in the last few years. This ideology covers each stage in manufacturing in front to the last stage of lifecycle and from the product design to recycling activity. Besides that, Green Supply Chain Management can also be applied by other parties, such as government, industry, education and so on. After doing some research, we have found that Srivastara (2007) explained the Green Supply Chain Management actually relates to a wide-range of manufacture from product design to reprocesses or destroy. The principium is more likely to the lifecycle of the manufacturer goods while according to the Sean Gilbert (2001) said, the process of incorporating environmental criteria of concerns into organizational purchasing decision and long-term relationship with suppliers is actually act as a way of greening the supply chain (UK Essays, 2014). Brief Description Of The Term “Green Supply Chain Management” Supply chain management can be defined as the management of the flow of goods. It is also the coordination of a complex network of activities, which involved in delivering finished product from point of origin to point of consumption. Except for this definition with adding the “green” component, it refers to green supply chain management. Green supply chain management has been outlined as integrating environment thinking into supply chain management, including product design, material sourcing and selection...
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...Management of water quality addresses the problems that are related to water quality and water valuable uses. The control on water pollution depends on adequate treatment and elimination of wastewater (Krenkel at el, 1980). Goel (2006) refers to pollutant water giving a broader definition depending on the physical and chemical properties and biological characteristics causing harmful effects on human life according to required uses of water. Goel (2006) mentions the changes that occur in the natural water properties making it unfit for drinking or household, industrial and agricultural uses. In recent year, the challenges of water management on the world are very difficult to provide the fresh water and to improve the water quality...
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