...meeting customer expectations. This phase of the development process is crucial because it identifies what the company will do to achieve its goals, and accomplish its mission. Improper analysis and research of required metrics and actions that the company must take in order to meet its mission, or simply over stating the required goals whereas creating unattainable metrics; to allow the company to justify closely monitoring, address, and/or terminate employees who are not meeting target will severely affect employee morale, and could drive the wrong behavior from the employees in the attempt to meet the measures. This in turn would drastically affect customer service. For example if the employee is being measured on efficiency, based on how long they take to perform a task. The employee will find short cuts to complete their work sooner. Plan Implementation A properly initiate...
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...Qualitative data is information acquired through participant observations and is reported in the words of the informant. Quantitative data is gathered by measuring things and is analyzed by statistical inferences and numeric comparisons(Minichiello et al.,1990, p.5). Scientist use qualitative research to gather information that is not numerical in form such as openended questionnaires or unstructured observations. This type of is more descriptive and is more difficult to analyze. Qualitative research is a suitable method to identify how individuals think and feel such as case studies(Mcleod, S.A., 2008). Qualitative data requires that participant responses are accurate which can be difficult to describe. It is helpful if quotations from participant interviews in the studies are used to illustrate points of the analysis(Mcleod, S.A.m 2008). The individual conducting the research should have knowledge in the area being studied in order to get a proper interpretation of the data. Unstructured group interviews can be an example of a qualitative research method. This study would generate data by using open ended questions in which individuals respond in their own words. Researchers can then gather a sense of the individual’s understanding of a situation. This can take a great deal of time to gather info through interviews and then do the analysis(Mcleod, S.A., 2008). Quantitative research methods are used to gather data in a numerical manner than ...
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... Abstract Philosophy has been said to be the mother of all disciplines. Philosophy is the oldest disciplines studied and has influenced modern science. Natural and social science have their roots in philosophy. Modern sciences are influenced by philosophy and are similar to philosophical questions. Understanding the way problems are addressed by philosophers is essential to understanding the science of psychology. Philosophers paved the way for modern psychology. Aristotle was a very famous philosopher and was called the father of psychology. Aristotle created idealism which believes that the mind and reasoning cannot exist without the body. Plato was also a philosopher. He taught theories based on the behaviors of humans like impulses and reasoning. Rene Descartes, another philosopher determined that psychology is an actual discipline. There are several philosophers that have influenced 19th Century philosophy. Edward Hitzig and John Locke are respected 19th Century philosophers, just to name a few. These philosophers have had an impact on 19th Century philosophy like no other. Their discoveries provide a different perspective on modern psychology. ("Understanding Learners", n.d.). Psychology as a Discipline According to "Understanding Learners" (n.d.), “Psychology as a discipline aims to describe behavior, explain behavior, predict behavior and control or modify some behavior”. (2). Rene Descartes was a French philosopher...
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...the achievement gap between high and low socioeconomic children. States have been trying to figure out the best way to achieve this dilemma, but they have been going about it the wrong way. The legislators who are in charge of education are assuming all children learn the same. However, this is not the case. Children have many different ways which they learn. But because of this cookie cutter mold, curriculum is being designed to suit one type of child. This can cause boredom, under achievement, and discipline problems in other children (Lutfi and Repress, 2006). One way legislators have decided to design their curriculum, is to have education based on Math, Science, and English, eliminating other subjects such as Music and Art. This plan is not beneficial to anyone. Art education, especially through critiques, helps a child to think more critically; it also helps the child to be more analytical, rather than emotional. When a student is capable of figuring out how things work and thinking more analytically, they are able to use the skills necessary to help solve problems in other subjects. Their thinking becomes more logical because they have the higher thinking skills which are required...
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.... How would you define “organization development”? Answer: Organization development is a series of planned behavioral science intervention activities with the purpose of increasing the effectiveness of the system and developing the potential of all individual members. OD efforts are planned, systematic approaches to change that are carried out in collaboration with organization members to help find improved ways of working together toward individual and organizational goals. 2. How does OD differ from a single-change technique such as management training? Answer: OD represents a systems approach that is concerned with the interrelationship of various divisions, departments, groups, and individuals as interdependent subsystems of the total organization. A single technique such as management training is aimed at changing individual behavior, whereas OD is focused on the larger goal of developing an organization-wide improvement in managerial style. OD uses many different techniques and no single technique represents the OD discipline. 3. Identify and demonstrate the uses of the psychological contract. Answer: Psychological contract involves the expectations on the part of individuals and organizations to which they belong or in which they take part (i.e., work). Each side must understand that such a “contract” exists and that unless these expectations are met, there will be conflict. 4. Explain the difference between pivotal and peripheral norms. Answer: Pivotal norms...
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...One of the first goals of psychology is simply to describe behavior. Through describing the behavior of humans and other animals, we are better able to understand it and gain a better perspective on what is considered normal and abnormal. Psychology researchers utilize a range of research methods to help describe behavior including naturalistic observation, case studies, correlational studies, surveys, and self-report inventories. To Explain As you might imagine, psychologists are also interested in explaining behavior in addition to merely describing it. Why do people do the things they do? What factors contribute to development, personality, social behavior, and mental health problems? Throughout psychology's history, many different theories have emerged to help explain various aspects of human behavior. A few examples of such theories including classical conditioning andattachment theories. Some theories focus on just a small aspect of human behavior (known as mini-theories), while others serve as all-encompassing theories designed to explain all of human psychology (known as grand theories). To Predict Not surprisingly, another major goal of...
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...those of lower rank and management teams. Some workplaces want the employees to be as creative as possible. All in all, this means making sure everyone is communicating with each other and ensuring their bodies and minds are doing the same. Organizational psychology also focuses on individual behavior. Although it is focused on groups, individual behavior has become common in the setting to obtain information about the individual’s influences. Unlike groups and organizations, people behave. You derive a person’s sense of humor, taste and other behavioral elements from them, not the group or organization they are affiliated with. The focus on how individual’s influence and are influenced explain organizational processes that are not like social science disciplines, which do not closely rely on individual behavior. In saying this, many have confused organizational psychology with organizational behavior. While organizational behavior places focus on the organization itself, organizational psychology focuses on intervention with an organization’s key objectives. Explain the role of research and statistics in organizational psychology The role of research...
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...The state of chronic absence from work. Absenteeism is usually addressed through progressively stricter disciplinary measures that can result in the termination of the individual's employment. This is generally governed by the organization's attendance policy. The employee handbook frequently documents expected attendance and consequences for absenteeism. The role of the supervisor in managing absenteeism According to the most recent CCH Unscheduled Absence Survey, employers are losing ground when it comes to keeping workers on the job. Unscheduled absenteeism rates have risen to their highest level since 1999. What continues to be of most concern is that almost two out of three employees who don’t show up for work aren’t physically ill. For most companies, the responsibility for managing absenteeism has fallen primarily on immediate supervisors. These supervisors are often the only people who are aware that a certain employee is absent. They are in the best position to understand the circumstances surrounding an individual’s absence and to notice a problem at an early stage. Therefore, their active involvement in the company’s absence procedures is pivotal to the overall effectiveness and future success of an absence policy or program. Sadly, however, most supervisors have not received any guidance or training in managing absenteeism. They have been left on their own to carry out the often unpopular task of identifying, confronting and resolving absence abuse. To ensure...
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...theory of the activity of understanding and interpreting texts Hermeneutics: to ‘provides the precepts and methods for acquiring an understanding of the Scriptures’ Activity 1.1b Hermeneutics… • Is a method to explain and to translate the meaning of the Scriptures • Is to gather the agenda of the author in the ancient times • Is to gain the processes of interpretation and understanding, especially the interpretation of biblical texts or texts that originate from other cultures • Is to gain...
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...organizations in practice, many however, still remain in an awkward state of practice with their knowledge of business ethics. There are laws are set in place, such as the foreign corruption practices act, preventing forceful acts of unethical behavior. The potential for others to perform or engage in unethical acts is on the up-rise (Kinicki, 2009). As a means to influence ethical behavior in employees many employers offer rewards to prevent unethical behavior within the organization. Training in ethical standards is provided to coagulate the relationships among management and their employees. Self discipline alone with ethical training programs provides the foundation when making the “difficult” decisions in ethical relationships. Many organizations are experiencing some sort of ethical dilemma of some quality. The challenge is to gain a clarification of the issue, gather the relevant facts, list your options, test each option by asking Is it legal; is it right, and finally is it beneficial to the organization. The final challenge is to make the decision, double check your decision making and take action (Kinicki, 2009). Effective organizational traditions deal with ethical behavior and discourages unethical practices. The wall Street Journal is a known publisher of several articles on illegal or unethical...
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...Psychology Social psychology is the study of human behavior in a social setting. Thought, feeling and behaviors are studied and how a person in either influenced or how they influence social settings. Social psychology studies how the thoughts, feelings and behaviors are influenced by the actual presence of others, imagined presence of others and or the implied presence of others (Allport, 1935). There are three parts to social psychology, one part being how people think about themselves, other people, personal beliefs, judgments and attitudes. The second part is the culture where a person lives, political and professional groups a person belongs to, religious group, family and friends is what creates the social influence for a person (Myers, 2010). The third part is how people relate to each other when it comes to intimacy, attraction, aggression and social prejudice (Myers, 2010). How social psychology differs from other disciplines The difference between social psychology and general psychology is that social psychology studies how a person behaves in different social settings. General psychology involves a little of all theories such as social psychology, cognitive, clinical and evolutionary. Clinical psychology focuses on treating just that individual and the way their own mind works. Clinical psychologists help people to learn and understand how...
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...strategy. Ford attempts to pursue a cost-leadership strategy which allows them to gain competitive advantage over their competitors by reducing their economic cost. Ford has been trying for years to keep the price of their vehicles down compared to their competitors. However, due to the recession like many other automobile industries, the government had to step in. Alan Mulally also had to step in to give his view on how not to allow Ford to fail. Eventually, agreements between the union and Ford resulted in lower cost and debt trades for equity. Ford also plans to select certain suppliers, cut off others that are expensive and offer longer even bigger to those that remain. Ford wants to take operations "to a different and new level" to ensure quality production and cost reduction. According to The Washington Post (2005) “Ford's new parts plan affects about half of Ford's $70 billion annual production bill. Ford officials think a strategy of working more closely with suppliers will foster greater collaboration and lead to better quality.” 2. Explain how the company's value-chain activities can be better linked to create value for the company. Ford used to be a selfish company. For a long time they were dominant in the automobile industry but now things are different. They need new direction. Ford’s business plan to the government in 2008 stated that “Ford will continue to work to reduce its dealer and supplier base to increase efficiency and promote mutual profitability...
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...I will be sharing this article with the history professor in Sunderland University. Racial Profiling Component of Article The article that I will review and is related to this topic on racial profiling is named “Race and Justice: Wrongful Convictions of African American Men” is written by Feagin Joe. Precisely, this article mainly talks about how the African Americans tend to be wrongly convicted due to racial prejudice and discrimination (Feagin, 2013). In order to gather adequate...
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...Conflict Resolution LDR/531 August 1, 2013 Conflict Resolution In the workplace there are several factors that may cause conflict. First, there may be communication challenges within the group or team environment. Secondly, the work environment may need a supervisor to instill discipline and relay correct information to all employees. Finally, conflict resolution and conflict management are the solution to these problems. Ultimately all employees need to come to an understanding of one another within the workplace. According to Robbins conflict is defined as a process that begins when one party perceives that another party has negatively affected, or is about to negatively affect, something that the first party cares about (Robbins 665) Communication Challenges Communication challenges cause conflict for everyone in the workplace, if not taken serious. When reacting to a team member that is being vague and making it difficult for other employees to approach, a manager can resolve the issue by talking to the individual. Talking to the employee individually would clear up any misinformation and gather the facts from the employee. Therefore, a team meeting would be necessary to clarify the information and express the companies concerns in front of the entire team, so no miscommunication can be relayed to employees. It is imperative to be honest with an employee honesty garners trust between the manager and employee. Encouraging employees to continue to voice their opinions...
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...Throughout this course, you study a variety of HR issues and learn about the various roles that HR plays in a successfully functioning organization. In order to facilitate your learning in this course, a course project that allows you to research various HR functions at an organization of your choice has been developed. You can then practically apply the information you have learned to the chosen environment. The organization you select should be of interest to you. It can be where you are currently employed, or wish to be employed. It can also be something that interests you (for example, coffee drinkers can select Starbucks). This must be an organization that is researchable as you need to gather and analyze a variety of information in order to complete the components of your project. If you select an organization with which you are currently associated, it is important to remember that the various analyses you make during the completion of your project must be based on facts that can be documented rather than your personal opinion as an employee. Each project component requires you to research a different aspect of HRM. In addition to gathering the requisite data from the organization of your choice, you are required to research and employ a minimum of four resources (per assignment) to support the content of each assignment. Examples of acceptable choices include informational interviews, scholarly journals, and white papers from professional organizations such as...
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